Cuba vs Madagascar Comparison

Country Comparison

Cuba

10.9M (2025)

VS

Madagascar

32.7M (2025)

Madagascar's population is 3.0× larger

Comprehensive comparison across 9 categories and 44 indicators

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Cuba

Population: 10.9M (2025) Area: 109.9K km² GDP: $107.4B (2022)
Capital: Havana
Continent: North America
Official Languages: Spanish
Currency: CUP
HDI: 0.762 (97.)

Madagascar

Population: 32.7M (2025) Area: 587K km² GDP: $21.2B (2026)
Capital: Antananarivo
Continent: Africa
Official Languages: Malagasy, French
Currency: MGA
HDI: 0.487 (183.)

Geography and Demographics

Cuba
Madagascar
Area
109.9K km²
587K km²
Total population
10.9M (2025)
32.7M (2025)
Population density
106.3 people/km² (2025)
53.6 people/km² (2025)
Average age
42.2 (2025)
19.2 (2025)

Economy and Finance

Cuba
Madagascar
Total GDP
$107.4B (2022)
$21.2B (2026)
GDP per capita
$9,500 (2022)
$595 (2025)
Inflation rate
25.0% (2025)
8.4% (2025)
Growth rate
1.0% (2025)
3.9% (2025)
Minimum wage
$80 (2024)
$55 (2024)
Tourism revenue
$2.8B (2025)
$200M (2025)
Unemployment rate
1.6% (2025)
2.9% (2025)
Public debt
119.0% (2025)
37.1% (2025)
Trade balance
-$8.5B (2025)
-$1.2B (2025)

Quality of Life and Health

Cuba
Madagascar
Human development
0.762 (97.)
0.487 (183.)
Happiness index
No data
4,157 (130.)
Health Exp. per Cap. ($)
No data
$16 (3%)
Life expectancy
78.4 (2025)
64 (2025)
Safety index
81.1 (54.)
54.1 (139.)

Education and Technology

Cuba
Madagascar
Education Exp. (% GDP)
8.4% (2025)
2.9% (2025)
Literacy rate
97.2% (2025)
76.1% (2025)
Primary school completion
97.2% (2025)
76.1% (2025)
Internet usage
75.4% (2025)
24.3% (2025)
Internet speed
3.35 Mbps (226.)
31.31 Mbps (159.)

Environment and Sustainability

Cuba
Madagascar
Renewable energy
11.9% (2025)
29.2% (2025)
Carbon emissions per capita
22.7 kg per capita (2025)
4.1 kg per capita (2025)
Forest area
31.2% (2025)
21.3% (2025)
Freshwater resources
38.12 km³ (2025)
337 km³ (2025)
Air quality
22.45 µg/m³ PM2.5 (2025)
12.38 µg/m³ PM2.5 (2025)

Military Power

Cuba
Madagascar
Military expenditure
$1.3B (2025)
$131.3M (2025)
Military power rank
5,190 (70.)
673 (126.)

Governance and Politics

Cuba
Madagascar
Democracy index
2.58 (2024)
5.33 (2024)
Corruption perception
41 (71.)
26 (144.)
Political stability
0.3 (86.)
-0.7 (136.)
Press freedom
21.2 (172.)
55 (85.)

Infrastructure and Services

Cuba
Madagascar
Clean water access
94.7% (2025)
53.4% (2025)
Electricity access
100.0% (2025)
41.6% (2025)
Electricity price
0.03 $/kWh (2025)
0.13 $/kWh (2025)
Paved Roads
24 % (2025)
11 % (2025)
Traffic deaths (per 100K)
8.8 /100K (2025)
30.7 /100K (2025)
Retirement age
65 (2025)
60 (2025)

Tourism and International Relations

Cuba
Madagascar
Passport power
44.44 (2025)
40.7 (2025)
Tourist arrivals
1.6M (2022)
87.1K (2020)
Tourism revenue
$2.8B (2025)
$200M (2025)
World heritage sites
9 (2025)
3 (2025)

Comparison Result

Cuba
26.0

Superior Fields

Leader
Cuba
Madagascar
16.0

Superior Fields

* This score reflects overall livability and quality of life, not just economic or military strength

GDP Comparison

Total GDP

$107.4B (2022)
Cuba
vs
$21.2B (2026)
Madagascar
Difference: %407

GDP per Capita

$9,500 (2022)
Cuba
vs
$595 (2025)
Madagascar
Difference: %1497

Comparison Evaluation

Cuba Evaluation

Cuba excels with: • Cuba has 16.0x higher GDP per capita • Cuba has 5.1x higher GDP • Cuba has 2.9x higher education spending • Cuba has 10.2x higher military spending

Madagascar Evaluation

While Madagascar ranks lower overall compared to Cuba, specific areas demonstrate competitive advantages:

Strong points for Madagascar: • Madagascar has 5.3x higher land area • Madagascar has 9.3x higher internet speed • Madagascar has 3.0x higher population • Madagascar has 2.7x higher birth rate

Overall Evaluation

Final Conclusion

Madagascar vs. Cuba: The Uncharted Island vs. The Time-Capsule Island

A Tale of Two Isolations

Comparing Madagascar and Cuba is like comparing two distinct forms of isolation. Madagascar, the great red island, was isolated by geography, creating a biological wonderland found nowhere else. Cuba, the Caribbean heart, was isolated by politics, creating a cultural and social time-capsule. Both are islands of immense character, shaped by forces beyond their shores.

The Most Striking Contrasts

Ecological vs. Political Identity: Madagascar's global identity is its unique biodiversity—lemurs, baobabs, and chameleons. Cuba's identity is its revolutionary history—Che Guevara, classic cars, and socialist ideals. One is defined by nature, the other by ideology.

Economic Engine: While both have struggled, their paths diverge. Madagascar relies on agriculture (vanilla, cloves) and nascent ecotourism. Cuba's economy is famously state-controlled, leaning on tourism, nickel exports, and its renowned medical professionals.

Cultural Rhythm: Malagasy culture is a subtle blend of Southeast Asian and African influences, a quiet and intricate tapestry. Cuban culture is an explosion of Afro-Latin rhythm, from the salsa clubs of Havana to the vibrant street art. It’s loud, passionate, and irresistibly energetic.

The Wild vs. The Preserved

Madagascar offers a raw, untamed quality of life. It’s a place for resilience, for those who want to disconnect from the global grid and find something truly unique. Cuba offers a life of vibrant community and cultural richness, but within a highly structured and controlled system. It's a paradox of intense personal freedom in expression and strict systemic limits.

Practical Advice

If You Want to Start a Business:

Madagascar: Ideal for ventures in ecotourism, sustainable agriculture, or ethical sourcing of unique natural products. The frontier is wide open, but infrastructure is a major challenge.

Cuba: Extremely challenging for foreign entrepreneurs. Opportunities are mainly in state-partnered tourism ventures or niche import/export, navigating a complex political and economic landscape.

If You Want to Settle Down:

Choose Madagascar if: You crave unparalleled natural beauty, solitude, and a life of simple, rugged adventure. You must be self-reliant and patient.

Choose Cuba if: You are drawn to a powerful sense of community, rich history, and a world-class arts scene, and can adapt to a life with fewer material comforts and more state oversight.

The Tourist Experience

Madagascar: A journey into another world. It’s about trekking through national parks to find lemurs, driving the Avenue of the Baobabs at sunset, and diving in pristine, remote waters. It’s an active, expedition-style trip.

Cuba: A cultural immersion. It’s about wandering the cobbled streets of Old Havana, riding in a 1950s Chevrolet, learning to dance salsa, and talking politics over a mojito. It’s a journey back in time.

Conclusion: Which Isolation Do You Seek?

Choosing between them is choosing your brand of escape. Madagascar is an escape from the known biological world, a dive into nature’s most creative experiment. Cuba is an escape from the modern capitalist world, a dive into a living, breathing socio-political museum.

🏆 The Final Verdict

Winner: For the naturalist and adventurer, Madagascar is the undisputed champion. For the cultural historian and sociologist, Cuba offers a richer, more complex human story.

Practical Decision: If you want to explore unique ecosystems with a backpack, choose Madagascar. If you want to explore unique ideas with a camera and a notebook, choose Cuba.

The Bottom Line: Madagascar challenges your body, Cuba challenges your mind.

💡 Surprising Fact

Madagascar has over 100 species of lemurs, primates found nowhere else on Earth. Cuba, on the other hand, is home to the Bee Hummingbird, the world's smallest bird. Both islands are havens for unique, miniature wonders.

Other Country Comparisons

Data Disclaimer: Projected data (future years) are estimates based on mathematical models. Actual values may differ. Learn about our methodology →

Data Sources

Comparison data is aggregated from multiple authoritative international organizations:

World Bank Open Data - Development and economic indicators
UN Data - Population and demographic statistics
IMF Data Portal - International financial statistics
WHO Data - Global health statistics
OECD Statistics - Economic and social data
Our Methodology - Learn how we process and analyze data

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