Luxembourg vs Spain Comparison

Country Comparison
Luxembourg Flag

Luxembourg

680.5K (2025)

VS
Spain Flag

Spain

47.9M (2025)

Comprehensive comparison across 9 categories and 44 indicators

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Luxembourg Flag

Luxembourg

Population: 680.5K (2025) Area: 2.6K km² GDP: $96.6B (2025)
Capital: Luxembourg City
Continent: Europe
Official Languages: Luxembourgish French German
Currency: EUR
HDI: 0.922 (25.)
Spain Flag

Spain

Population: 47.9M (2025) Area: 505.4K km² GDP: $1.8T (2025)
Capital: Madrid
Continent: Europe
Official Languages: Spanish
Currency: EUR
HDI: 0.918 (28.)

Geography and Demographics

Luxembourg
Spain
Area
2.6K km²
505.4K km²
Total population
680.5K (2025)
47.9M (2025)
Population density
254.2 people/km² (2025)
95 people/km² (2025)
Average age
39.5 (2025)
45.9 (2025)

Economy and Finance

Luxembourg
Spain
Total GDP
$96.6B (2025)
$1.8T (2025)
GDP per capita
$140,940 (2025)
$36,190 (2025)
Inflation rate
2.2% (2025)
2.2% (2025)
Growth rate
1.6% (2025)
2.5% (2025)
Minimum wage
$2.8K (2025)
$1.5K (2025)
Tourism revenue
$7.3B (2025)
$110B (2025)
Unemployment rate
5.9% (2025)
11.4% (2025)
Public debt
27.5% (2025)
103.2% (2025)
Trade balance
-$896 (2025)
-$4.2K (2025)

Quality of Life and Health

Luxembourg
Spain
Human development
0.922 (25.)
0.918 (28.)
Happiness index
7,122 (9.)
6,466 (38.)
Health Exp. per Cap. ($)
$7.5K (5.8%)
$2.9K (9.7%)
Life expectancy
82.5 (2025)
84 (2025)
Safety index
92.5 (7.)
86.5 (31.)

Education and Technology

Luxembourg
Spain
Education Exp. (% GDP)
4.8% (2025)
4.4% (2025)
Literacy rate
No data
100.0% (2025)
Primary school completion
No data
100.0% (2025)
Internet usage
99.7% (2025)
95.7% (2025)
Internet speed
181.42 Mbps (30.)
248.39 Mbps (12.)

Environment and Sustainability

Luxembourg
Spain
Renewable energy
42.4% (2025)
67.5% (2025)
Carbon emissions per capita
7 kg per capita (2025)
212 kg per capita (2025)
Forest area
34.5% (2025)
37.2% (2025)
Freshwater resources
4 km³ (2025)
112 km³ (2025)
Air quality
7.42 µg/m³ PM2.5 (2025)
9.02 µg/m³ PM2.5 (2025)

Military Power

Luxembourg
Spain
Military expenditure
$1.1B (2025)
$26.5B (2025)
Military power rank
596 (131.)
43,156 (19.)

Governance and Politics

Luxembourg
Spain
Democracy index
8.88 (2024)
8.13 (2024)
Corruption perception
80 (9.)
57 (48.)
Political stability
1 (41.)
0.3 (86.)
Press freedom
82.1 (11.)
76.1 (21.)

Infrastructure and Services

Luxembourg
Spain
Clean water access
100.0% (2025)
100.0% (2025)
Electricity access
100.0% (2025)
100.0% (2025)
Electricity price
0.18 $/kWh (2025)
0.25 $/kWh (2025)
Paved Roads
100 % (2025)
100 % (2025)
Traffic deaths (per 100K)
2.76 /100K (2025)
3.73 /100K (2025)
Retirement age
65 (2025)
65.5 (2025)

Tourism and International Relations

Luxembourg
Spain
Passport power
90.86 (2025)
91.63 (2025)
Tourist arrivals
1M (2022)
71.7M (2022)
Tourism revenue
$7.3B (2025)
$110B (2025)
World heritage sites
1 (2025)
50 (2025)

Comparison Result

Luxembourg
Luxembourg Flag
23.0

Superior Fields

Leader
Luxembourg
Spain
Spain Flag
19.0

Superior Fields

* This score reflects overall livability and quality of life, not just economic or military strength

GDP Comparison

Total GDP

$96.6B (2025)
Luxembourg
vs
$1.8T (2025)
Spain
Difference: %1763

GDP per Capita

$140,940 (2025)
Luxembourg
vs
$36,190 (2025)
Spain
Difference: %289

Comparison Evaluation

Luxembourg Flag

Luxembourg Evaluation

Primary strengths of Luxembourg: • Luxembourg has 3.9x higher GDP per capita • Luxembourg has 2.6x higher healthcare spending per capita • Luxembourg has 2.7x higher population density • Luxembourg has 91% higher minimum wage
Spain Flag

Spain Evaluation

While Spain ranks lower overall compared to Luxembourg, specific areas demonstrate competitive advantages:

Spain demonstrates advantages in: • Spain has 18.6x higher GDP • Spain has 195.4x higher land area • Spain has 70.4x higher population • Spain has 24.4x higher military spending

Overall Evaluation

Final Conclusion

Luxembourg vs. Spain: The Meticulous Planner vs. The Passionate Improviser

A Tale of the Head and the Heart of Europe

Comparing Luxembourg and Spain is like contrasting a detailed blueprint with a vibrant Picasso painting. Luxembourg is a nation of meticulous planning, a small, orderly, and incredibly wealthy hub where everything runs on schedule. Spain is a nation of passionate improvisation, a large, diverse, and culturally rich country where life is lived with flair, spontaneity, and a focus on enjoyment. It’s a classic European showdown between the disciplined North and the soulful South.

The Most Striking Contrasts

  • Pace of Life: Luxembourg operates with quiet, corporate efficiency. Punctuality is key, and work is the central focus. Spain famously runs on its own clock, where long lunches, late dinners, and a vibrant street life are paramount. The "mañana" culture isn’t about laziness; it’s about prioritizing life over schedules.
  • Economic Structure: Luxembourg is a highly specialized financial and administrative center. Its economy is deep but narrow. Spain has a huge, diverse economy, a world leader in tourism, a major agricultural producer (wine, olive oil), a fashion giant (Zara), and a renewable energy powerhouse.
  • Landscape and Scale: Luxembourg is a small, green, landlocked country of hills and forests. Spain is a vast and varied kingdom of sun-drenched Mediterranean beaches, arid plains, snow-capped mountains (the Pyrenees), and vibrant, sprawling cities.

The Wealth vs. Lifestyle Paradox

Luxembourg offers unparalleled financial wealth. The salaries are among the highest in the world, leading to a life of material comfort and security. It is objectively rich. Spain offers an unparalleled lifestyle. The weather, the food, the social culture, and the emphasis on leisure create a quality of life that is rich in experience, even with a more modest income. It’s the difference between earning a living and truly living.

Practical Advice

If You Want to Start a Business:

  • Luxembourg is your fortress for: A business in finance, investment, or one needing a hyper-stable, low-tax EU corporate base.
  • Spain is your playground for: A business in tourism, hospitality, renewable energy, or a tech startup aimed at a large domestic or Latin American market.

If You Want to Settle Down:

  • Choose Luxembourg for: A career-driven life where maximizing your income and professional growth is the top priority.
  • Choose Spain for: A life where sunshine, social connection, great food, and a relaxed pace are your priorities. It’s for those who work to live, not live to work.

The Tourist Experience

A visit to Luxembourg is a calm and refined weekend getaway—exploring a beautiful, fortified city and its surrounding green countryside. A visit to Spain is a grand, passionate adventure—from the architectural marvels of Gaudí in Barcelona and the world-class art of the Prado in Madrid to the Moorish history of Andalusia and the vibrant fiestas that erupt across the country. It’s a feast for the senses.

Conclusion: Which World Do You Choose?

Your choice reflects what you value most: predictable order or vibrant chaos? Luxembourg is the serene, logical conclusion of a perfectly executed plan. Spain is the beautiful, unpredictable result of centuries of passion, history, and a love for life itself. One is a safe investment, the other is a passionate love affair.

🏆 The Final Verdict

Winner: For the bank account, Luxembourg is the undisputed global champion. For the soul, the senses, and the sheer joy of being alive, Spain is in a league of its own. The planner builds a better portfolio, but the improviser has more fun.

The Bottom Line

Luxembourg gives you the salary to afford anything. Spain gives you a life where the best things are free.

💡 Surprising Fact

Spain is the only country in Europe that shares a physical border with an African country (Morocco, through its enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla). Luxembourg has the highest percentage of foreign-born residents in the EU, making its small towns surprisingly cosmopolitan.

Other Country Comparisons

Data Disclaimer: Projected data (future years) are estimates based on mathematical models. Actual values may differ. Learn about our methodology →

Data Sources

Comparison data is aggregated from multiple authoritative international organizations:

World Bank Open Data - Development and economic indicators
UN Data - Population and demographic statistics
IMF Data Portal - International financial statistics
WHO Data - Global health statistics
OECD Statistics - Economic and social data
Our Methodology - Learn how we process and analyze data

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