Metallurgical Coal Production by Country

Metallurgical coal production by country measures the amount of metallurgical coal produced in each country, measured in million metric tons (Mmt) per year. Metallurgical (coking) coal is not burned for power — it is baked into coke for blast furnaces to make steel. Its trade follows steel, not electricity. The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. The table covers 24 countries with a reported 2024 value and includes data from 2019 to 2024. The world total stood at 1,069.1 Mmt in 2024, up from 1,055.2 Mmt in 2023.

The map highlights where metallurgical coal production is most concentrated in 2024; the table below holds the full 2019-2024 series. This is not just a ranking — the paragraphs below explain what the numbers reveal that the table alone does not.

Metallurgical Coal Production by Country

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#	Country	2024 (Mmt)
1	China CN	519
2	Australia AU	178.53
3	Russia RU	107.99
4	United States US	64.84
5	India IN	60.34
6	Mongolia MN	56.53
7	Canada CA	31.55
8	Poland PL	11.3
9	Mozambique MZ	9.58
10	Colombia CO	8.19
11	Indonesia ID	6.56
12	Kazakhstan KZ	4.14
13	Ukraine UA	2.77
14	Iran IR	1.79
15	South Africa ZA	1.77
16	Zimbabwe ZW	1.25
17	New Zealand NZ	1.02
18	Czech Republic CZ	0.61
19	Türkiye TR	0.53
20	Mexico MX	0.53
21	Pakistan PK	0.27
22	United Kingdom GB	0
23	Lesotho LS	0
24	Malawi MW	0

Analysis: China alone accounted for about 49 percent of the world total in 2024, and China and Australia together for about 65 percent. The top three accounted for about 75 percent, the top five for about 87 percent, and the top ten for about 98 percent. China's metallurgical coal was about 2.9 times that of Australia, the second-largest producer — a gap that explains much of the global structure.

Who Leads Metallurgical Coal Production?

Data: China (519.0 Mmt) was the largest producer in 2024, ahead of Australia (178.5 Mmt). The next largest were Russia (108.0 Mmt), United States (64.842 Mmt), India (60.341 Mmt), Mongolia (56.534 Mmt), Canada (31.547 Mmt). Analysis: The top five alone — China, Australia, Russia, United States, India — already make up about 87 percent of world total, while the remaining 19 countries together account for less than 13 percent. Context: This concentration means that shifts in just a few countries drive the world total.

Metallurgical Coal Production Around the World

In Asia, China was the largest producer, followed by India and Mongolia. In Europe, Russia was the largest producer, followed by Poland and Ukraine.

In North America, the United States was the largest producer, followed by Canada and Mexico. In South America, Colombia was the largest producer. In Africa, Mozambique was the largest producer, followed by South Africa and Zimbabwe. In Oceania, Australia was the largest producer, followed by New Zealand.

Global Structure in This Dataset

Metallurgical coal production is highly concentrated: the top five account for about 87 percent of the world total in 2024, while the top ten account for about 98 percent. China remained the largest producer in every year from 2019 to 2024.

Largest Changes in Metallurgical Coal Production, 2023-2024

Mongolia recorded the largest increase among the listed countries, rising from 44.288 Mmt in 2023 to 56.534 Mmt in 2024 (up 12.246 Mmt, about 27.7 percent). Australia rose by 11.790 Mmt, and Mozambique by 6.775 Mmt.

China recorded the largest decline, falling from 541.0 Mmt to 519.0 Mmt (down 21.988 Mmt, about 4.1 percent). India fell from 64.99 Mmt to 60.341 Mmt (down 4.649 Mmt), while Ukraine declined by 0.643 Mmt. The world total rose from 1,055.2 Mmt to 1,069.1 Mmt (up 13.9 Mmt, about 1.3 percent).

How Has Metallurgical Coal Evolved Since 2019?

The world total increased from 999.3 Mmt in 2019 to 1,069.1 Mmt in 2024, despite falling to 950.6 Mmt during the period. China increased from 502.5 to 519.0 Mmt, while Australia declined from 189.1 to 178.5 Mmt. Russia, the United States, India, Mongolia and Canada all recorded higher production in 2024 than in 2019, although their paths varied considerably. Over the period, China remained the largest producer and increased its production lead over Australia in absolute terms.

Metallurgical coal in Context

Metallurgical (coking) coal is not burned for power — it is baked into coke for blast furnaces to make steel. Its trade follows steel, not electricity. The table shows how much is produced, while this section explains why that production matters: concentration at this level means supply, trade and energy security are tied to a handful of economies. The EIA reports metallurgical coal separately from other coal types precisely because its uses and markets differ.

Metallurgical Coal Production by Country

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#	Country	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	China	502.54	502.21	531.09	554.66	540.99	519
2	Australia	189.07	183.76	170.6	168.58	166.74	178.53
3	Russia	97.02	90.46	98.35	113.05	105.27	107.99
4	United States	64.64	50.36	56.08	55.28	59.98	64.84
5	India	42.82	34.05	47.68	59.08	64.99	60.34
6	Mongolia	23.91	18.71	11.27	21	44.29	56.53
7	Canada	29.95	24.98	26.97	25.21	30.9	31.55
8	Poland	12.07	12.26	12.57	12.37	11.92	11.3
9	Mozambique	3.17	1.57	2.84	2.68	2.8	9.58
10	Colombia	8.54	8.38	9.08	9.09	5.73	8.19
11	Indonesia	1.87	4	4.36	6	6.08	6.56
12	Kazakhstan	4.26	3.89	4.14	4.08	4.03	4.14
13	Ukraine	6.32	4.6	5.34	1.31	3.41	2.77
14	Iran	1.37	1.4	1.49	1.5	1.66	1.79
15	South Africa	3.12	2.06	1.96	2.35	1.94	1.77
16	Zimbabwe	0.23	0.24	0.29	0.73	0.87	1.25
17	New Zealand	1.2	1.11	1.18	1.14	1.11	1.02
18	Czech Republic	2.03	1.03	1.5	0.86	0.52	0.61
19	Türkiye	0.7	0.62	0.71	0.76	0.47	0.53
20	Mexico	3.28	3.9	1.32	1.32	1.06	0.53
21	Pakistan	0.4	0.54	0.55	0.63	0.25	0.27
22	United Kingdom	0.74	0.51	0.34	0.19	0.16	0
23	Lesotho	0	0	0	0	0	0
24	Malawi	0	0	0	0	0	0

Methodology

The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. Values represent annual metallurgical coal production in million metric tons (Mmt). Where no value is available, the cell is left empty. A value of 0 indicates that the source reports zero. The sum of individually listed countries may differ slightly from the reported world total due to rounding. This page covers metallurgical coal production only and does not include other coal types, which are reported separately in the source.