Millet and Products Consumption by Country

FAO Food Balances data show that India had the largest listed food supply of millet and products in 2023, at 10,871 thousand tonnes, followed by Niger at 2,266 thousand tonnes and China at 1,331 thousand tonnes. Niger had the highest per-capita food supply at 86.61 kilograms per person per year. The dataset covers 56 reporters and spans 2019 through 2023, although some reporters have missing values in individual years.

India had the highest listed millet and products food supply in 2023 at 10,871 thousand tonnes, while Niger had the highest per-capita food supply at 86.61 kilograms per person per year. India's listed food supply was 4.80 times Niger's (10,871 thousand tonnes against 2,266), and the top ten reporters hold 94.7 percent of the listed total.

Key Takeaways

In 2023, India had the largest listed supply of millet and products at 10,871 thousand tonnes, followed by Niger at 2,266 thousand tonnes. China ranked third with 1,331 thousand tonnes. On a per-capita basis, Niger recorded the highest food supply at 86.61 kilograms per person per year, followed by Burkina Faso at 31.15 kilograms.

Across the 55 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, listed millet and products supply increased by 1,136 thousand tonnes, or 6.2 percent. India contributed 1,307 thousand tonnes of that increase. These figures represent food available for human consumption in the FAO Food Balances and should not be interpreted as the amount of millet actually eaten.

Millet and Products Consumption

Export

Excel (.xlsx) CSV Document PDF Document PNG Image

#	Country	2023 (thousand tonnes)2023	2023 (kg per person per year)2023
1	India IN	10.87K	7.56
2	Niger NE	2.27K	86.61
3	China CN	1.33K	0.94
4	Nigeria NG	1.33K	5.82
5	Ethiopia ET	898	6.98
6	Burkina Faso BF	717	31.15
7	Senegal SN	472	26.11
8	Nepal NP	292	9.85
9	Ghana GH	182	5.38
10	Russia RU	131	0.9
11	Pakistan PK	130	0.52
12	Tanzania TZ	116	1.74
13	Uganda UG	103	2.12
14	Cameroon CM	90	3.17
15	Kenya KE	86	1.55
16	Zimbabwe ZW	44	2.69
17	Malawi MW	43	2.05
18	Yemen YE	40	1.02
19	Ivory Coast CI	38	1.21
20	Sierra Leone SL	36	4.21
21	Gambia GM	32	11.86
22	DR Congo CD	26	0.24
23	Kazakhstan KZ	26	1.26
24	Angola AO	22	0.61
25	Myanmar MM	21	0.39
26	Guinea-Bissau GW	20	9.51
27	Saudi Arabia SA	17	0.52
28	Mozambique MZ	16	0.46
29	Zambia ZM	16	0.76
30	Namibia NA	15	4.99
31	Indonesia ID	14	0.05
32	Bangladesh BD	13	0.08
33	Morocco MA	11	0.29
34	Guinea GN	10	0.67
35	Sri Lanka LK	9	0.39
36	Germany DE	8	0.09
37	Afghanistan AF	7	0.16
38	South Africa ZA	4	0.07
39	South Korea KR	4	0.08
40	Mauritania MR	3	0.65
41	Taiwan TW	3	0.12
42	Tunisia TN	3	0.23
43	Qatar QA	2	0.51
44	Rwanda RW	2	0.13
45	Ukraine UA	2	0.05
46	Bahrain BH	1	0.37
47	Bhutan BT	1	0.67
48	Botswana BW	1	0.34
49	Liberia LR	0	0
50	Maldives MV	0	0.51
51	Montenegro ME	0	0.03
52	New Caledonia NC	0	0.33
53	Panama PA	0	0.02
54	Seychelles SC	0	0.06
55	Syria SY	0	0.02
56	Turkmenistan TM	0	0.01

Millet and Products Consumption by Country in 2023

The 2023 distribution is highly concentrated. India alone accounted for 55.7 percent of the listed total, while the top three reporters together accounted for 74.1 percent. The remaining reporters therefore represented just over one-quarter of the listed quantity.

The top five reporters hold 85.5 percent and the top ten 94.7 percent of the 19,521-thousand-tonne total. Only Niger, with 2,266 thousand tonnes, comes within 8,000 thousand tonnes of India.

India Adds 1,307 Thousand Tonnes Between 2022 and 2023

Among the 55 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, the listed food supply increased from 18,385 thousand tonnes to 19,521 thousand tonnes, a gain of 1,136 thousand tonnes (6.2 percent). The annual listed totals across all reporters were 18,385 thousand tonnes in 2022 and 19,521 thousand tonnes in 2023; Turkmenistan has no 2022 quantity in the dataset and reports a zero quantity for 2023. India added 1,307 thousand tonnes (up 13.7 percent), accounting for 115.1 percent of the increase, followed by Ethiopia with 87 thousand tonnes (up 10.7 percent), Niger with 45 thousand tonnes (up 2.0 percent), Senegal with 42 thousand tonnes (up 9.8 percent), China with 40 thousand tonnes (up 3.1 percent) and Ghana with 35 thousand tonnes (up 23.8 percent), while Nigeria fell 336 thousand tonnes (down 20.2 percent) and Nepal 29 thousand tonnes (down 9.0 percent).

India Adds 1,397 Thousand Tonnes Since 2019

For the 54 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, the listed food supply increased from 18,363 thousand tonnes to 19,521 thousand tonnes, a gain of 1,158 thousand tonnes (6.3 percent). The annual listed totals across all reporters were 18,363 thousand tonnes in 2019 and 19,521 thousand tonnes in 2023; two reporters joined with zero quantities. India added 1,397 thousand tonnes (up 14.7 percent), accounting for 120.6 percent of the increase, while Nigeria fell 274 thousand tonnes (down 17.1 percent). China added 198 thousand tonnes (up 17.5 percent), followed by Senegal with 61 thousand tonnes (up 14.8 percent) and Uganda with 48 thousand tonnes (up 87.3 percent), while Burkina Faso fell 74 thousand tonnes (down 9.4 percent), Niger 69 thousand tonnes (down 3.0 percent) and Tanzania 44 thousand tonnes (down 27.5 percent).

India alone explains the net gain and more: its increase exceeds the common-reporter total change, with Nigeria's retreat offsetting 23.7 percent of it. The per-capita ranking belongs to the Sahel, with Burkina Faso at 31.15 and Senegal at 26.11 kilograms per year, while the total-quantity leader India records only 7.56 kilograms. The 2022-2023 comparison includes the same 55 reporters in both years.

What Does Millet and Products Consumption Measure?

For FAO Food Balances, the millet and products figure used here is the amount recorded under the Food element. It represents food available for human consumption during the reference year, rather than a direct estimate of how much millet people actually ate. The FAO item covers millet and products recorded under the 'Millet and products' classification. It should not be read as a measure of millet alone, because the item also includes products represented within this FAO category.

The per-capita figure expresses the same food supply on a population basis, in kilograms per person per year. A country's total quantity and per-capita value therefore answer different questions: total quantity shows the size of the listed food supply, while the per-capita measure adjusts it for population.

Millet and Products Consumption by Country

Download

Excel (.xlsx) CSV PDF PNG

#	Country	2019 (1000 t)	2019 (kg/cap/yr)	2020 (1000 t)	2020 (kg/cap/yr)	2021 (1000 t)	2021 (kg/cap/yr)	2022 (1000 t)	2022 (kg/cap/yr)	2023 (1000 t)	2023 (kg/cap/yr)
1	India	9.47K	6.82	10.09K	7.2	10.84K	7.67	9.56K	6.71	10.87K	7.56
2	Niger	2.34K	101.75	2.46K	103.73	1.52K	62.06	2.22K	87.74	2.27K	86.61
3	China	1.13K	0.8	1.38K	0.97	1.33K	0.93	1.29K	0.91	1.33K	0.94
4	Nigeria	1.6K	7.64	1.63K	7.62	1.65K	7.55	1.66K	7.45	1.33K	5.82
5	Ethiopia	892	7.71	953	8.01	915	7.49	811	6.47	898	6.98
6	Burkina Faso	791	37.74	813	37.85	600	27.28	727	32.32	717	31.15
7	Senegal	411	25.11	430	25.61	390	22.65	430	24.36	472	26.11
8	Nepal	292	10.28	297	10.25	301	10.2	321	10.81	292	9.85
9	Ghana	139	4.43	174	5.46	140	4.3	147	4.42	182	5.38
10	Russia	172	1.17	147	1	134	0.92	136	0.93	131	0.9
11	Pakistan	170	0.74	113	0.48	101	0.42	115	0.47	130	0.52
12	Tanzania	160	2.71	136	2.23	139	2.21	140	2.16	116	1.74
13	Uganda	55	1.28	53	1.19	55	1.2	116	2.46	103	2.12
14	Cameroon	87	3.4	88	3.36	90	3.34	90	3.25	90	3.17
15	Kenya	113	2.2	51	0.97	47	0.89	85	1.57	86	1.55
16	Zimbabwe	21	1.4	32	2.06	23	1.43	40	2.46	44	2.69
17	Malawi	39	2.05	42	2.15	38	1.9	37	1.81	43	2.05
18	Yemen	46	1.32	38	1.06	79	2.14	45	1.16	40	1.02
19	Ivory Coast	40	1.41	42	1.45	41	1.37	43	1.41	38	1.21
20	Sierra Leone	33	4.27	28	3.52	35	4.3	34	4.1	36	4.21
21	Gambia	34	13.7	32	12.52	30	11.8	28	10.72	32	11.86
22	DR Congo	30	0.32	27	0.28	27	0.27	26	0.26	26	0.24
23	Kazakhstan	29	1.51	30	1.53	26	1.34	27	1.32	26	1.26
24	Angola	43	1.32	42	1.25	27	0.77	27	0.76	22	0.61
25	Myanmar	18	0.33	16	0.31	18	0.35	18	0.33	21	0.39
26	Guinea-Bissau	15	7.78	19	9.42	19	9.25	22	10.44	20	9.51
27	Saudi Arabia	17	0.57	16	0.53	15	0.47	22	0.69	17	0.52
28	Mozambique	37	1.23	20	0.65	21	0.66	21	0.66	16	0.46
29	Zambia	7	0.36	17	0.87	11	0.57	8	0.38	16	0.76
30	Namibia	33	12.58	41	15.07	39	13.84	30	10.35	15	4.99
31	Indonesia	16	0.06	23	0.08	19	0.07	19	0.07	14	0.05
32	Bangladesh	8	0.05	9	0.05	11	0.07	13	0.08	13	0.08
33	Morocco	6	0.17	7	0.18	8	0.23	6	0.17	11	0.29
34	Guinea	10	0.75	9	0.7	9	0.69	10	0.68	10	0.67
35	Sri Lanka	9	0.42	7	0.32	8	0.36	10	0.46	9	0.39
36	Germany	9	0.11	10	0.12	10	0.12	10	0.12	8	0.09
37	Afghanistan	6	0.16	5	0.12	3	0.09	3	0.08	7	0.16
38	South Africa	4	0.07	5	0.08	6	0.09	5	0.08	4	0.07
39	South Korea	9	0.17	10	0.19	10	0.19	8	0.15	4	0.08
40	Mauritania	2	0.46	2	0.45	1	0.15	3	0.72	3	0.65
41	Taiwan	3	0.14	4	0.15	3	0.11	2	0.09	3	0.12
42	Tunisia	0	0.01	5	0.43	0	0	0	0	3	0.23
43	Qatar	1	0.28	2	0.74	3	0.99	2	0.8	2	0.51
44	Rwanda	5	0.39	5	0.41	4	0.27	7	0.51	2	0.13
45	Ukraine	5	0.1	1	0.03	1	0.02	0	0.01	2	0.05
46	Bahrain	1	0.47	0	0.29	1	0.36	1	0.42	1	0.37
47	Bhutan	1	1.38	1	1.78	1	1.29	1	0.81	1	0.67
48	Botswana	1	0.34	7	2.76	2	0.65	1	0.48	1	0.34
49	Liberia	0	0.02	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50	Maldives	0	0.16	0	0.14	0	0.36	0	0.6	0	0.51
51	Montenegro	0	0.01	0	0.02	0	0.01	0	0.02	0	0.03
52	New Caledonia	0	0.36	0	0.32	0	0.42	0	0.3	0	0.33
53	Panama	-	-	0	0.02	0	0	0	0.03	0	0.02
54	Seychelles	0	0.04	0	0.05	0	0.02	0	0.06	0	0.06
55	Syria	1	0.03	0	0.01	0	0.01	0	0.01	0	0.02
56	Turkmenistan	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0.01

Quick Answer

In 2023, India had the largest listed food supply of millet and products at 10,871 thousand tonnes, while Niger had the highest per-capita food supply at 86.61 kilograms per person per year. The data cover 56 reporters and represent food available for human consumption in FAO Food Balances, not the amount of millet actually eaten.

Methodology

Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals use FAO Food Balances food quantity (Element 5142, thousand tonnes), while the per-capita figures use food supply quantity (Element 645, kg/capita/year) for Millet and products from 2019 through 2023. The Food element represents the quantity available for human consumption during the reference period. It is not a direct measure of the quantity actually eaten, as additional losses or waste may occur after food reaches the consumer.

The reporter universe contains 56 reporters. The tables list reporters only; aggregate rows such as World, regions and China (aggregate) are excluded, while China figures refer to the China reporter. For year-to-year comparisons, only reporters with values in both endpoint years are included in the arithmetic. A zero indicates a displayed value of zero, while an empty cell indicates that no value is available for that reporter and year.

Quantities of 1,000 thousand tonnes and above are shown as whole numbers; smaller quantities retain up to two decimals. FAO Food Balances are compiled from national and other official sources. The FAO dataset reports the Food element in thousand tonnes and food supply quantity in kilograms per capita per year. The 2023 listed total of 19,521 thousand tonnes is the sum of the 56 reporters with a reported 2023 quantity; it excludes aggregate rows and reporters without a 2023 value.