Coal Exports by Country

Coal exports by country measures the amount of coal exported in each country, measured in million metric tons (Mmt) per year. Coal is one of the world's most widely mined fuels by mass and remains important for power generation and steelmaking. The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. The table covers 124 countries with a reported 2024 value and includes data from 2019 to 2024. The world total stood at 1,531.5 Mmt in 2024, up from 1,466.7 Mmt in 2023.

The map highlights the countries with the highest coal exports in 2024, while the table below provides the full 2019-2024 series. This is not just a ranking — the paragraphs below explain what the numbers reveal that the table alone does not.

Coal Exports by Country

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#	Country	2024 (Mmt)
1	Indonesia ID	557.76
2	Australia AU	362.04
3	Russia RU	181.98
4	United States US	98.27
5	Mongolia MN	74.7
6	South Africa ZA	70.7
7	Colombia CO	45.14
8	Canada CA	36.29
9	Kazakhstan KZ	31.47
10	Mozambique MZ	16.19
11	Netherlands NL	15.71
12	Philippines PH	8.37
13	China CN	6.65
14	Poland PL	4.54
15	India IN	1.9
16	Germany DE	1.89
17	Peru PE	1.77
18	Kyrgyzstan KG	1.64
19	Czech Republic CZ	1.48
20	New Zealand NZ	1.1
21	United Kingdom GB	1.08
22	Belarus BY	1.02
23	Spain ES	0.97
24	Afghanistan AF	0.92
25	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	0.9
26	Botswana BW	0.89
27	Tanzania TZ	0.76
28	Greece GR	0.74
29	Vietnam VN	0.7
30	Zimbabwe ZW	0.49
31	Laos LA	0.44
32	Türkiye TR	0.41
33	Malaysia MY	0.37
34	Myanmar MM	0.27
35	Romania RO	0.21
36	Montenegro ME	0.19
37	Albania AL	0.17
38	Zambia ZM	0.16
39	Tajikistan TJ	0.15
40	France FR	0.15
41	Uzbekistan UZ	0.13
42	Norway NO	0.11
43	Thailand TH	0.1
44	Iran IR	0.1
45	Ireland IE	0.09
46	Lithuania LT	0.08
47	Venezuela VE	0.08
48	Belgium BE	0.07
49	Croatia HR	0.02
50	Denmark DK	0.01
51	Bulgaria BG	0.01
52	Serbia RS	0.01
53	Egypt EG	0.01
54	Italy IT	0.01
55	Eswatini SZ	0
56	Japan JP	0
57	Slovenia SI	0
58	Pakistan PK	0
59	Hungary HU	0
60	Latvia LV	0
61	Mexico MX	0
62	Taiwan TW	0
63	Saudi Arabia SA	0
64	Switzerland CH	0
65	Singapore SG	0
66	South Korea KR	0
67	Ecuador EC	0
68	Brazil BR	0
69	Georgia GE	0
70	North Macedonia MK	0
71	Armenia AM	0
72	Austria AT	0
73	Tunisia TN	0
74	Kenya KE	0
75	Morocco MA	0
76	Syria SY	0
77	Senegal SN	0
78	Lebanon LB	0
79	Malawi MW	0
80	Namibia NA	0
81	Argentina AR	0
82	Bahrain BH	0
83	Bangladesh BD	0
84	Barbados BB	0
85	Bhutan BT	0
86	Burkina Faso BF	0
87	Chile CL	0
88	DR Congo CD	0
89	Costa Rica CR	0
90	Cuba CU	0
91	Cyprus CY	0
92	Djibouti DJ	0
93	Dominican Republic DO	0
94	Estonia EE	0
95	Ethiopia ET	0
96	Finland FI	0
97	Ghana GH	0
98	Grenada GD	0
99	Hong Kong HK	0
100	Iceland IS	0
101	Israel IL	0
102	Jordan JO	0
103	Kosovo XK	0
104	Kuwait KW	0
105	Lesotho LS	0
106	Luxembourg LU	0
107	Macau MO	0
108	Madagascar MG	0
109	Mali ML	0
110	Malta MT	0
111	Nigeria NG	0
112	Palestine PS	0
113	Panama PA	0
114	Paraguay PY	0
115	Portugal PT	0
116	Puerto Rico PR	0
117	Qatar QA	0
118	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	0
119	Sweden SE	0
120	Togo TG	0
121	US Virgin Islands VI	0
122	Uganda UG	0
123	Ukraine UA	0
124	United Arab Emirates AE	0

Analysis: Indonesia alone accounted for about 36 percent of the world total in 2024, and Indonesia and Australia together for about 60 percent. The top three accounted for about 72 percent, the top five for about 83 percent, and the top ten for about 96 percent. Indonesia's coal was about 1.5 times that of Australia, the second-largest exporter — a gap that explains much of the global structure.

Who Leads Coal Exports?

Data: Indonesia (557.8 Mmt) was the largest exporter in 2024, ahead of Australia (362.0 Mmt). The next largest were Russia (182.0 Mmt), United States (98.272 Mmt), Mongolia (74.702 Mmt), South Africa (70.702 Mmt), Colombia (45.143 Mmt). Analysis: The top five alone — Indonesia, Australia, Russia, United States, Mongolia — already make up about 83 percent of world total, while the remaining 119 countries together account for less than 17 percent. Context: This concentration means that shifts in just a few countries drive the world total.

Where Coal Is Concentrated

Analysis: The top ten held about 96 percent of the world total in 2024, leaving less than 4 percent for the other 114 countries. In Asia, Indonesia dominates, with Mongolia also among the leading exporters. In Europe, Russia and Poland are among the larger exporters; in North America the United States is a major exporter where reported.

What Changed Most Recently? (2023-2024)

Analysis: Indonesia saw the largest increase, rising from 518.0 to 557.8 Mmt (up 39.711 Mmt, about 7.7 percent). Mongolia (+18.881 Mmt) and Australia (+13.931 Mmt) also rose. The sharpest decline was Russia (211.0 to 182.0 Mmt, down 29.030 Mmt). Overall the world total rose by 64.8 Mmt (+4.4 percent) to 1,531.5 Mmt. Context: Year-to-year moves like these show whether growth is broad-based or driven by a single country.

How Has Coal Evolved Since 2019?

Analysis: The world total moved from 1,464.3 Mmt in 2019 to 1,531.5 Mmt in 2024, with a low of 1,363.6 Mmt. For perspective, Indonesia went from 442.9 to 557.8 Mmt, while Australia went from 395.0 to 362.0 Mmt. Context: Comparing 2019-2024 reveals whether leaders are extending their lead or losing share — here, the top-ranked country extended its lead while others grew.

Coal in Context

Coal remains an important traded commodity because countries differ substantially in production, domestic consumption, and access to export infrastructure. High export concentration means that changes in production or trade policy in a small number of major exporters can have a noticeable effect on global coal markets.

Coal Exports by Country

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#	Country	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	Indonesia	442.91	409.61	433.66	465.34	518.05	557.76
2	Australia	394.95	379.16	365.23	367.34	348.11	362.04
3	Russia	227.8	231.1	245.28	209.55	211.01	181.98
4	United States	85.06	62.66	77.22	77.98	90.91	98.27
5	Mongolia	26.28	23.59	17.39	26.27	55.82	74.7
6	South Africa	78.67	74.91	65.1	70.33	66.82	70.7
7	Colombia	71.65	67.84	55.61	56.56	43.5	45.14
8	Canada	35.67	31.64	31.67	28.87	35.28	36.29
9	Kazakhstan	24.76	23.83	22.03	35.95	34.03	31.47
10	Mozambique	12.81	8.36	10.16	9.41	10.62	16.19
11	Netherlands	25.85	18.67	26.78	19.05	13.18	15.71
12	Philippines	10.24	7.94	9.33	8.7	8.15	8.37
13	China	5.99	3.16	3.21	3.97	4.45	6.65
14	Poland	4.59	4.71	6.51	5.51	4.56	4.54
15	India	0.89	0.94	0.84	1.23	1.51	1.9
16	Germany	1.78	1.58	2.09	1.43	1.14	1.89
17	Peru	0.47	0.34	0.43	1.16	1.26	1.77
18	Kyrgyzstan	0.78	0.98	1.06	1.32	1.67	1.64
19	Czech Republic	2.18	1.32	1.83	1.98	1.53	1.48
20	New Zealand	1.45	1.14	1.24	1.28	0.82	1.1
21	United Kingdom	0.74	1.31	1.13	0.69	0.98	1.08
22	Belarus	1.14	1.57	1.52	1.21	0.97	1.02
23	Spain	1.52	1.99	0.63	1.28	1.51	0.97
24	Afghanistan	1.8	0.78	1.02	3.34	0.27	0.92
25	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.17	0.16	0.17	0.34	0.94	0.9
26	Botswana	0.33	0.5	0.73	0.54	0.89	0.89
27	Tanzania	0.13	0.11	0.19	1.71	1.6	0.76
28	Greece	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.36	0	0.74
29	Vietnam	1.14	0.89	0.97	1.02	0.81	0.7
30	Zimbabwe	0.09	0.11	0.01	0.17	0.49	0.49
31	Laos	0.59	0.46	0.8	0.85	1.07	0.44
32	Türkiye	0.06	0.16	0.34	0.76	0.45	0.41
33	Malaysia	0.09	0.02	0.14	0.16	0.45	0.37
34	Myanmar	0	0	0	0.09	0.22	0.27
35	Romania	0	0	0	0.24	0.29	0.21
36	Montenegro	0.11	0.1	0.16	0.23	0.21	0.19
37	Albania	0	0	0	0.03	0.35	0.17
38	Zambia	0.01	0.04	0.01	0	0.02	0.16
39	Tajikistan	0	0	0	0	0.48	0.15
40	France	0.17	0.23	0.53	0.11	0.02	0.15
41	Uzbekistan	0	0	0	0.01	0	0.13
42	Norway	0.08	0.05	0.08	0.08	0.06	0.11
43	Thailand	0.06	0.06	0.15	0.1	0.07	0.1
44	Iran	0.09	0.06	0.15	0.14	0.21	0.1
45	Ireland	0.11	0.13	0.13	0.1	0.08	0.09
46	Lithuania	0.09	0.08	0.07	0.15	0.08	0.08
47	Venezuela	0.31	0.68	0.39	0.12	0.12	0.08
48	Belgium	0.09	0.09	0.26	0.28	0.16	0.07
49	Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0.02
50	Denmark	0.05	0.19	0.53	0.83	0.12	0.01
51	Bulgaria	0.06	0.04	0.01	0.5	1.09	0.01
52	Serbia	0.09	0.07	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.01
53	Egypt	0.12	0.06	0.06	0	0.07	0.01
54	Italy	0.04	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.07	0.01
55	Eswatini	0.12	0.16	0.14	0.01	0	0
56	Japan	0	0	0.01	0	0	0
57	Slovenia	0.01	0	0	0.01	0	0
58	Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
59	Hungary	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0.01	0
60	Latvia	0.01	0	0.01	0.06	0.01	0
61	Mexico	0.01	0	0	0	0	0
62	Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
63	Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
64	Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
65	Singapore	0	0	0	0	0	0
66	South Korea	0	0	0	0	0	0
67	Ecuador	0	0	0	0	0	0
68	Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
69	Georgia	0	0	0	0	0	0
70	North Macedonia	0	0	0	0.05	0.06	0
71	Armenia	0	0	0	0	0	0
72	Austria	0	0	0	0	0	0
73	Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
74	Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
75	Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
76	Syria	0	0	0	0	0	0
77	Senegal	0	0	0	0	0	0
78	Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
79	Malawi	0	0	0	0	0	0
80	Namibia	0	0	0	0	0	0
81	Argentina	0.01	0	0	0	0	0
82	Bahrain	0	0	0	0	0	0
83	Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
84	Barbados	0	0	0	0	0	0
85	Bhutan	0	0	0	0	0	0
86	Burkina Faso	0	0	0	0	0	0
87	Chile	0	0	0	0	0	0
88	DR Congo	0	0	0	0	0	0
89	Costa Rica	0	0	0	0	0	0
90	Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
91	Cyprus	0	0	0	0	0	0
92	Djibouti	0	0	0	0	0	0
93	Dominican Republic	0	0	0	0	0	0
94	Estonia	0	0	0	0	0	0
95	Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
96	Finland	0	0	0	0	0.05	0
97	Ghana	0	0	0	0	0	0
98	Grenada	0	0	0	0	0	0
99	Hong Kong	0	0	0	0	0	0
100	Iceland	0	0	0	0	0	0
101	Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
102	Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
103	Kosovo	0.03	0.01	0.27	0.13	0.01	0
104	Kuwait	0	0	0	0	0	0
105	Lesotho	0	0	0	0	0	0
106	Luxembourg	0	0	0	0	0	0
107	Macau	0	0	0	0	0	0
108	Madagascar	0	0	0	0	0	0
109	Mali	0	0	0	0	0	0
110	Malta	0	0	0	0	0	0
111	Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
112	Palestine	0	0	0	0	0	0
113	Panama	0	0	0	0	0	0
114	Paraguay	0	0	0	0	0	0
115	Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
116	Puerto Rico	0	0	0	0	0	0
117	Qatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
118	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0	0	0	0	0
119	Sweden	0	0	0	0.01	0	0
120	Togo	0	0	0	0	0	0
121	US Virgin Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
122	Uganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
123	Ukraine	0.02	0	0.01	0.01	0.02	0
124	United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0

Methodology

The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. Values represent annual coal exports in million metric tons (Mmt). Where no value is available, the cell is left empty. A value of 0 indicates that the source reports zero. The sum of individually listed countries may differ slightly from the reported world total due to rounding. This page covers the EIA's total coal exports category and does not include metallurgical coke exports, which are reported separately in the source.