Coffee (Green) Production by Country 2025
Coffee represents one of the world's most valuable agricultural commodities, with global production of 11,064,203 tonnes in 2023 (up 3.1% from 2022), with Brazil dominating production at 3,405,267 tonnes in 2023, projected to reach 3,253,502 tonnes by 2025. Vietnam follows with 1956,782 tonnes, while Indonesia produces 760,192 tonnes. These green coffee beans (Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora/robusta) serve as raw material for the global coffee industry consumed by billions daily. Production spans 78 countries across tropical and subtropical regions, supporting 25+ million smallholder farming families worldwide.
Brazil leads with 3,405,267 tonnes, showing volatility from 2,985,581 to 3,705,719, representing approximately 35% of global production. Production concentrates in Minas Gerais, Sรฃo Paulo, Espรญrito Santo, and Bahia states where arabica and robusta varieties thrive. Brazilian coffee, particularly Santos arabica, sets global price benchmarks. The country's dominance stems from favorable climate, established infrastructure, mechanized harvesting, and large-scale plantations. However, biennial bearing cycles cause production swings. Frost events and droughts pose risks. Government programs support quality improvement and sustainable practices. Vietnam produces 1956,782 tonnes, ranking second globally, specializing in robusta coffee for instant coffee and espresso blends. Indonesia contributes 760,192 tonnes from Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi. India adds 332,848 tonnes, China 108,000 tonnes, Laos 177,662 tonnes, Philippines 30,023 tonnes, and Thailand 16,575 tonnes. Asian production emphasizes robusta varieties (70%+) commanding lower prices than arabica but offering higher yields and disease resistance. Vietnam's rapid growth since 1990s transformed global coffee markets. The region serves instant coffee industries and espresso blends. Colombia produces 680,858 tonnes of premium arabica coffee, Honduras 384,361 tonnes, Peru 369,551 tonnes, Guatemala 225,327 tonnes, Mexico 194,916 tonnes, Nicaragua 143,337 tonnes, and Costa Rica 78,822 tonnes. Latin American coffee, particularly Colombian and Central American arabica, commands premium prices for quality and flavor profiles. The region emphasizes specialty coffee for discerning consumers. However, coffee leaf rust disease and climate change challenge production. Certification programs (Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance, organic) support farmer incomes and sustainability. Ethiopia produces 559,400 tonnes as coffee's birthplace, cultivating diverse arabica varieties. Uganda contributes 384,000 tonnes, Central African Republic 316,108 tonnes, Guinea 200,000 tonnes, Ivory Coast 91,327 tonnes, Tanzania 62,917 tonnes, and Kenya 48,700 tonnes. African coffee, particularly Ethiopian and Kenyan arabica, offers unique flavor profiles valued by specialty markets. However, limited processing infrastructure, market access challenges, and climate variability constrain value capture. Growing specialty coffee demand creates opportunities for premium African coffees. Arabica coffee (60-70% of production) offers superior flavor, lower caffeine, and commands premium prices $3-6/kg. Robusta coffee (30-40% of production) provides higher caffeine, bitter flavor, and sells for $2-3/kg. Processing methods include washed (wet processing) producing clean flavors, natural (dry processing) creating fruity profiles, and honey processing offering intermediate characteristics. Roasting develops flavor compounds. Specialty coffee (scoring 80+ points) commands $8-20/kg. Growing third-wave coffee movement emphasizes origin, processing, and sustainability. Coffee thrives in tropical highlands 1,000-2,000m elevation with temperatures 15-24ยฐC and rainfall 1,500-2,500mm. Arabica requires cooler temperatures and higher altitudes than robusta. Trees begin bearing in 3-4 years, reaching peak production at 6-10 years, and remain productive for 20-30 years. Major challenges include coffee leaf rust causing 20-50% losses, coffee berry borer damaging beans, climate change bringing temperature increases and irregular rainfall, and price volatility affecting farmer incomes ($1-2/day for many). Aging trees and limited replanting constrain productivity. Coffee prices fluctuate $2-6/kg for green beans depending on variety, quality, and market conditions. Arabica trades $3-6/kg, robusta $2-3/kg. Specialty coffee commands $8-20/kg. Price volatility from weather, diseases, and speculation affects farmer incomes. Major roasters commit to sustainable sourcing. Certification programs promote environmental and social standards. However, farmer poverty persists despite coffee's value. Growing specialty coffee market (15-20% annual growth) creates premium opportunities. Climate change poses significant long-term risks. Global coffee production projected to grow moderately through 2025, with Brazil and Vietnam maintaining dominance. Growing consumption in producing countries and emerging markets drives demand. Specialty coffee segment expands as consumers seek quality and sustainability. Climate change poses significant risks through temperature increases, altered rainfall, and increased pest pressures. The industry invests in climate-resilient varieties, agroforestry systems, and farmer support programs. Sustainability initiatives address deforestation, water use, and farmer poverty. Coffee's future depends on balancing production growth with climate adaptation and social responsibility while meeting expanding global demand for this beloved beverage.๐ Brazil's Market Leadership
Coffee (Green) Production by Country 2025
1
3,253,502
2
1,933,595
3
769,822
4
652,002
5
535,543
6
376,201
7
374,732
8
365,028
9
335,346
10
309,717
11
230,892
12
225,654
13
188,933
14
172,371
15
155,834
16
108,000
17
84,889
18
80,861
19
66,115
20
59,510
21
56,492
22
48,332
23
46,820
24
44,502
25
37,105
26
34,580
27
30,060
28
25,365
29
23,608
30
23,452
31
23,129
32
20,979
33
18,249
34
17,126
35
11,691
36
10,860
37
10,800
38
10,766
39
8,798
40
8,557
41
7,497
42
6,696
43
6,165
44
5,008
45
4,983
46
4,885
47
4,105
48
3,630
49
3,237
50
3,054
51
2,014
52
1,833
53
992
54
795
55
736
56
733
57
675
58
625
59
367
60
364
61
357
62
357
63
312
64
185
65
143
66
104
67
90
68
55
69
31
70
22
71
15
72
15
73
14
74
12
75
8
76
6
77
1
๐ Asian Production Centers
๐ Latin American Production
๐ African Production
๐ช Coffee Types and Processing
๐ฑ Cultivation Challenges
๐ Market Dynamics
๐ฎ Market Outlook
Coffee (Green) Production by Country 2025
#
1
3,552,729
3,011,745
3,705,719
2,985,581
3,179,176
3,405,267
3,253,502
2
1,616,307
1,686,765
1,763,476
1,845,033
1,953,990
1,956,782
1,933,595
3
756,051
752,512
762,380
786,191
774,961
760,192
769,822
4
813,420
885,120
833,400
560,340
665,016
680,858
652,002
5
494,574
482,561
584,790
545,566
489,100
559,400
535,543
6
284,225
313,933
360,103
414,007
338,000
384,000
376,201
7
478,831
472,498
364,552
417,591
330,111
384,361
374,732
8
369,622
363,320
353,206
363,997
358,178
369,551
365,028
9
316,000
319,500
298,000
334,000
340,406
332,848
335,346
10
89,979
202,753
289,283
297,962
306,901
316,108
309,717
11
50,000
138,824
242,682
261,992
261,645
200,000
230,892
12
240,400
216,400
246,000
226,700
225,500
225,327
225,654
13
158,308
165,712
175,555
174,341
188,689
194,916
188,933
14
154,435
171,380
158,190
161,200
171,000
177,662
172,371
15
141,931
156,902
154,410
165,558
170,181
143,337
155,834
16
115,500
120,000
114,000
108,000
108,000
108,000
108,000
17
123,900
95,204
82,366
61,312
89,878
91,327
84,889
18
92,016
76,385
86,791
95,322
74,620
78,822
80,861
19
45,254
68,147
60,651
73,027
66,837
62,917
66,115
20
51,485
52,940
53,303
54,097
58,606
62,217
59,510
21
58,188
57,015
54,242
55,742
57,177
56,381
56,492
22
54,515
65,760
42,220
41,920
50,922
49,344
48,332
23
41,375
44,500
36,900
34,500
51,900
48,700
46,820
24
53,160
45,129
40,500
47,880
40,800
45,371
44,502
25
45,660
33,641
35,000
41,911
41,866
32,326
37,105
26
18,642
20,812
21,443
41,933
36,826
30,291
34,580
27
60,313
60,044
60,641
30,304
29,957
30,023
30,060
28
34,620
34,061
29,793
26,791
26,246
24,266
25,365
29
19,076
21,316
22,006
23,106
25,132
22,895
23,608
30
22,121
24,841
23,401
23,452
23,239
23,579
23,452
31
38,643
29,366
20,459
19,467
18,945
27,104
23,129
32
18,416
13,873
15,381
16,559
19,814
23,446
20,979
33
23,619
26,424
22,483
21,775
18,689
16,575
18,249
34
13,228
13,257
13,105
10,304
16,767
20,071
17,126
35
5,579
8,371
6,254
6,020
13,689
12,760
11,691
36
14,216
14,059
7,111
13,800
10,500
9,900
10,860
37
11,082
11,000
10,000
10,000
11,000
11,000
10,800
38
8,340
6,180
9,095
13,314
11,731
9,168
10,766
39
8,515
9,004
8,760
8,759
8,841
8,787
8,798
40
8,678
8,769
8,908
8,908
8,557
8,417
8,557
41
7,085
6,701
6,201
6,508
7,064
8,152
7,497
42
7,680
7,800
7,500
9,100
6,252
6,000
6,696
43
5,065
8,141
5,280
4,917
7,966
5,584
6,165
44
4,167
4,376
4,595
4,824
5,066
5,047
5,008
45
3,369
3,558
4,241
4,151
3,850
5,996
4,983
46
6,445
4,887
6,725
5,306
4,828
4,750
4,885
47
4,113
4,095
4,111
4,130
4,111
4,092
4,105
48
2,490
2,320
1,960
4,709
3,759
3,121
3,630
49
3,151
3,173
3,246
3,222
3,245
3,238
3,237
50
2,685
2,400
2,400
2,400
2,580
3,600
3,054
51
975
1,820
1,980
1,919
2,740
1,616
2,014
52
1,862
1,852
1,880
1,843
1,810
1,844
1,833
53
1,019
1,012
970
906
980
1,034
992
54
798
790
793
796
796
795
795
55
736
736
736
736
736
736
736
56
720
800
628
639
733
771
733
57
492
531
579
608
681
699
675
58
621
628
625
625
626
625
625
59
513
530
297
315
355
394
367
60
357
358
364
363
364
365
364
61
370
354
364
351
355
361
357
62
475
654
600
600
567
133
357
63
441
399
381
388
337
267
312
64
189
190
187
186
186
185
185
65
138
139
141
142
143
144
143
66
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
67
90
89
90
90
90
90
90
68
54
56
55
55
55
55
55
69
46
40
48
41
47
17
31
70
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
71
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
72
15
15
15
15
15
14
15
73
14
15
14
14
14
14
14
74
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
75
8
7
8
8
8
8
8
76
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
77
3
2
2
2
2
1
1
Frequently Asked Questions
Which country produces the most coffee in the world?
Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer with 3,405,267 tonnes in 2023, projected to reach 3,253,502 tonnes by 2025, accounting for approximately 35% of global production. Vietnam ranks second with 1,956,782 tonnes, followed by Indonesia at 760,192 tonnes. Brazil's production concentrates in Minas Gerais, Sรฃo Paulo, Espรญrito Santo, and Bahia states, producing both arabica and robusta varieties. Brazilian coffee, particularly Santos arabica, sets global price benchmarks. The country's dominance stems from favorable climate, established infrastructure, mechanized harvesting, and large-scale plantations.
What's the difference between arabica and robusta coffee?
Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) accounts for 60-70% of production, offers superior flavor with complex notes, contains lower caffeine (1.2-1.5%), grows at higher altitudes (1,000-2,000m), and commands premium prices $3-6/kg. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) represents 30-40% of production, provides bitter, earthy flavor, contains higher caffeine (2.2-2.7%), tolerates lower altitudes and warmer temperatures, offers higher yields and disease resistance, and sells for $2-3/kg. Arabica dominates specialty coffee markets, while robusta serves instant coffee and espresso blends. Vietnam specializes in robusta, while Latin America and East Africa emphasize arabica.
Data Disclaimer: Projected data (future years) are estimates based on mathematical models. Actual values may differ. Learn about our methodology โ
Sources
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Updated: 10.11.2025https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL
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