Computer Access in Primary Schools by Country (2026)

Computer access in primary schools is fundamental to developing digital literacy skills and preparing students for success in an increasingly technology-driven world. Primary schools (ISCED Level 1, typically ages 6-11) require computers for teaching basic digital skills, supporting diverse learning styles, and enabling access to educational resources. This indicator tracks the proportion of primary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes, a key component of SDG Indicator 4.a.1 monitored by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. This comprehensive analysis examines computer access in primary schools across 180+ countries, providing 2026 projections grounded in country-specific assessments and historical development patterns from 2000 to 2025.

Global Computer Availability in Primary Schools

Computer access in primary schools demonstrates significant global variation, with developed nations achieving near-universal availability while many developing countries face substantial infrastructure gaps. As of 2026, approximately 35% of countries have achieved or will maintain 80%+ computer access in their primary schools, while roughly 40% of countries face coverage below 40%. Primary schools typically have lower computer access rates than secondary schools in most countries, reflecting infrastructure investment priorities and the greater complexity of deploying technology at the primary level.

The highest-performing regions include Europe, North America, East Asia, and the Gulf states, where computer access in primary schools has reached near-universal or universal levels. Countries like Denmark, Sweden, South Korea, and the United Arab Emirates have maintained 95%+ availability for extended periods. Meanwhile, rapidly developing nations such as India, Vietnam, and Rwanda demonstrate remarkable progress in extending computer infrastructure to primary schools, though significant urban-rural divides persist.

Computer Access in Primary Schools by Country (2026)

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#	Country	2026 Projection (%)
1	Andorra AD	100%
2	United Arab Emirates AE	100%
3	Armenia AM	100%
4	Australia AU	100%
5	Austria AT	100%
6	Azerbaijan AZ	100%
7	Belgium BE	100%
8	Bahrain BH	100%
9	Belarus BY	100%
10	Bermuda BM	100%
11	Switzerland CH	100%
12	Cook Islands CK	100%
13	Cuba CU	100%
14	Cayman Islands KY	100%
15	Dominica DM	100%
16	Denmark DK	100%
17	Spain ES	100%
18	Estonia EE	100%
19	Finland FI	100%
20	Georgia GE	100%
21	Gibraltar GI	100%
22	Hong Kong HK	100%
23	Iran IR	100%
24	Iceland IS	100%
25	Israel IL	100%
26	Japan JP	100%
27	Kazakhstan KZ	100%
28	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	100%
29	South Korea KR	100%
30	Kuwait KW	100%
31	Saint Lucia LC	100%
32	Luxembourg LU	100%
33	Macau MO	100%
34	Monaco MC	100%
35	Moldova MD	100%
36	Maldives MV	100%
37	Mongolia MN	100%
38	Malaysia MY	100%
39	Niue NU	100%
40	Netherlands NL	100%
41	Norway NO	100%
42	New Zealand NZ	100%
43	Oman OM	100%
44	Palau PW	100%
45	Puerto Rico PR	100%
46	Qatar QA	100%
47	Romania RO	100%
48	Saudi Arabia SA	100%
49	Singapore SG	100%
50	El Salvador SV	100%
51	San Marino SM	100%
52	Slovakia SK	100%
53	Slovenia SI	100%
54	Sweden SE	100%
55	Sint Maarten SX	100%
56	Seychelles SC	100%
57	Turks and Caicos Islands TC	100%
58	Thailand TH	100%
59	Tokelau TK	100%
60	Trinidad and Tobago TT	100%
61	Türkiye TR	100%
62	Uruguay UY	100%
63	United States US	100%
64	Uzbekistan UZ	100%
65	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	100%
66	British Virgin Islands VG	100%
67	Malta MT	99.5%
68	Hungary HU	99.4%
69	Turkmenistan TM	99.1%
70	Rwanda RW	98.4%
71	Aruba AW	98.1%
72	Poland PL	97.8%
73	Lithuania LT	97.5%
74	Costa Rica CR	97.3%
75	China CN	96.4%
76	Vietnam VN	96.3%
77	Samoa WS	95.9%
78	Latvia LV	95.6%
79	Tunisia TN	95%
80	Tanzania TZ	94.6%
81	Mauritius MU	93.9%
82	Germany DE	92.3%
83	Antigua and Barbuda AG	91.5%
84	Palestine PS	91.5%
85	Kyrgyzstan KG	90.3%
86	Ukraine UA	89.7%
87	Canada CA	88.3%
88	Bhutan BT	87.2%
89	Czech Republic CZ	86.6%
90	Tonga TO	85.4%
91	Morocco MA	84.5%
92	Jamaica JM	83.5%
93	Chile CL	82.2%
94	Cyprus CY	82.2%
95	Egypt EG	80.9%
96	Colombia CO	80.5%
97	Bangladesh BD	80%
98	Sri Lanka LK	79.9%
99	Ecuador EC	78.6%
100	Ireland IE	77.5%
101	Peru PE	77.5%
102	Italy IT	76.3%
103	Philippines PH	75.2%
104	Jordan JO	75.1%
105	Portugal PT	73.5%
106	Lebanon LB	71.6%
107	Algeria DZ	71.1%
108	Brazil BR	69.8%
109	Serbia RS	69.7%
110	Kenya KE	68.9%
111	Namibia NA	67.7%
112	Argentina AR	66%
113	Nepal NP	62.4%
114	Sao Tome and Principe ST	62.2%
115	Syria SY	58.6%
116	France FR	58.4%
117	Cape Verde CV	56.8%
118	India IN	56.8%
119	Botswana BW	54.9%
120	Zimbabwe ZW	53.8%
121	Mexico MX	51.6%
122	Venezuela VE	51%
123	Guyana GY	49.6%
124	Montenegro ME	48.9%
125	Djibouti DJ	47.1%
126	Panama PA	46.4%
127	Croatia HR	45.9%
128	South Africa ZA	43.4%
129	Russia RU	41.9%
130	North Macedonia MK	41.8%
131	Guatemala GT	41.4%
132	Micronesia FM	40.1%
133	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	38.6%
134	Paraguay PY	36.3%
135	Honduras HN	35.1%
136	Comoros KM	34.8%
137	Kiribati KI	33.9%
138	Zambia ZM	33.5%
139	Timor-Leste TL	32.8%
140	Eswatini SZ	31.1%
141	Marshall Islands MH	29%
142	Dominican Republic DO	28.8%
143	Grenada GD	26.1%
144	Laos LA	21.7%
145	Nicaragua NI	21.3%
146	Cameroon CM	20.7%
147	Albania AL	19.4%
148	Bolivia BO	18.4%
149	Mauritania MR	18%
150	Solomon Islands SB	17.2%
151	Senegal SN	16.5%
152	Congo CG	16.2%
153	Indonesia ID	16.2%
154	Togo TG	15.4%
155	Gambia GM	14.5%
156	Tuvalu TV	14%
157	Afghanistan AF	13%
158	Liberia LR	12.2%
159	Ivory Coast CI	12%
160	Cambodia KH	11.3%
161	Angola AO	11%
162	Mali ML	10.2%
163	Gabon GA	8.6%
164	Madagascar MG	7.9%
165	Ghana GH	7.5%
166	Niger NE	6.3%
167	Malawi MW	5.8%
168	Sierra Leone SL	5.6%
169	Pakistan PK	5%
170	Burkina Faso BF	4.8%
171	Chad TD	4.8%
172	Myanmar MM	4.5%
173	Burundi BI	4%
174	DR Congo CD	4%
175	Guinea GN	4%
176	Nauru NR	4%

Regional Disparities and Infrastructure Challenges

Sub-Saharan Africa presents the most pronounced challenges for primary school computer access, with countries experiencing severe infrastructure deficits due to limited electricity, high equipment costs, and competing priorities for limited education budgets. However, some countries have made significant progress through targeted digital education initiatives and infrastructure investments.

South Asia shows mixed patterns reflecting diverse development trajectories. Countries in this region are gradually expanding computer access to primary schools as device costs decline and governments prioritize digital education infrastructure. The region's large youth population and growing emphasis on STEM education are driving increased investment in school technology.

Latin America demonstrates relatively strong computer access in primary schools compared to many developing regions, with many countries achieving 60%+ coverage. These achievements reflect decades of education infrastructure investment and stronger government commitment to digital education at the primary level.

Computer Access in Primary Schools by Country (2026)

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#	Country	2019 (%)	2020 (%)	2021 (%)	2022 (%)	2023 (%)	2024 (%)	2026 Projection (%)
1	Andorra	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
2	United Arab Emirates	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
3	Armenia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
4	Australia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
5	Austria	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
6	Azerbaijan	94.9%	96.5%	97.8%	98.4%	98.9%	99.7%	100%
7	Belgium	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	-	100%
8	Bahrain	100%	100%	56.8%	100%	100%	100%	100%
9	Belarus	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
10	Bermuda	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
11	Switzerland	99.4%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
12	Cook Islands	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
13	Cuba	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
14	Cayman Islands	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
15	Dominica	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	100%
16	Denmark	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
17	Spain	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
18	Estonia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
19	Finland	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
20	Georgia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
21	Gibraltar	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
22	Hong Kong	99.4%	99.5%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
23	Iran	27.1%	-	-	100%	100%	-	100%
24	Iceland	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
25	Israel	88%	92%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
26	Japan	86.4%	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
27	Kazakhstan	70.1%	100%	100%	-	100%	100%	100%
28	Saint Kitts and Nevis	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
29	South Korea	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
30	Kuwait	100%	100%	100%	-	100%	-	100%
31	Saint Lucia	98.8%	100%	-	100%	100%	-	100%
32	Luxembourg	100%	-	100%	-	-	-	100%
33	Macau	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
34	Monaco	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
35	Moldova	100%	99.3%	99.8%	100%	100%	100%	100%
36	Maldives	73%	-	-	-	100%	100%	100%
37	Mongolia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
38	Malaysia	79.3%	84.4%	86.2%	88.2%	90.3%	100%	100%
39	Niue	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
40	Netherlands	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
41	Norway	89.2%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
42	New Zealand	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
43	Oman	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
44	Palau	-	84.2%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
45	Puerto Rico	-	-	-	-	49.7%	100%	100%
46	Qatar	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
47	Romania	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
48	Saudi Arabia	100%	100%	100%	100%	99.2%	100%	100%
49	Singapore	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	100%
50	El Salvador	99.6%	-	-	-	-	-	100%
51	San Marino	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
52	Slovakia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
53	Slovenia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
54	Sweden	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
55	Sint Maarten	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
56	Seychelles	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
57	Turks and Caicos Islands	-	-	96.6%	100%	100%	100%	100%
58	Thailand	99.8%	99.8%	99.9%	99.9%	99.9%	99.9%	100%
59	Tokelau	100%	100%	100%	-	100%	100%	100%
60	Trinidad and Tobago	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
61	Türkiye	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
62	Uruguay	100%	99.9%	100%	100%	100%	-	100%
63	United States	100%	-	-	-	99.6%	-	100%
64	Uzbekistan	96.2%	96%	97.5%	97.8%	97.7%	98.1%	100%
65	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	-	-	-	100%	100%	100%	100%
66	British Virgin Islands	100%	100%	100%	65.6%	100%	100%	100%
67	Malta	99%	-	-	-	-	-	99.5%
68	Hungary	98.1%	98.5%	98.7%	98.8%	99%	99.3%	99.4%
69	Turkmenistan	99.2%	97.6%	99.4%	99.1%	98.6%	98.6%	99.1%
70	Rwanda	83.4%	-	75%	57.2%	57.9%	97.9%	98.4%
71	Aruba	-	-	-	-	-	97.6%	98.1%
72	Poland	100%	100%	100%	-	97.3%	-	97.8%
73	Lithuania	100%	99%	99%	99%	98%	99.1%	97.5%
74	Costa Rica	95.1%	96.8%	-	-	-	-	97.3%
75	China	98.3%	98.6%	98.6%	95.2%	95.7%	95.9%	96.4%
76	Vietnam	-	84.6%	88.2%	87.9%	92.1%	94.8%	96.3%
77	Samoa	15.3%	-	45.1%	96.5%	95.4%	94.4%	95.9%
78	Latvia	68.6%	-	57.8%	-	96.6%	97.4%	95.6%
79	Tunisia	-	97.7%	96.8%	94.9%	93.5%	-	95%
80	Tanzania	-	-	93.1%	-	-	-	94.6%
81	Mauritius	-	96.5%	97.8%	-	97.8%	92.4%	93.9%
82	Germany	73.5%	-	54%	-	90.8%	-	92.3%
83	Antigua and Barbuda	-	-	-	-	-	-	91.5%
84	Palestine	75%	86.1%	83.5%	90.1%	90%	-	91.5%
85	Kyrgyzstan	-	-	-	-	-	-	90.3%
86	Ukraine	94.3%	96.9%	98.9%	-	86%	88.2%	89.7%
87	Canada	85.8%	-	-	-	86.8%	-	88.3%
88	Bhutan	-	20.6%	-	85.9%	85.7%	85.7%	87.2%
89	Czech Republic	97.2%	98.3%	98.2%	98.8%	85.1%	-	86.6%
90	Tonga	-	44.3%	56.5%	46.9%	82.9%	82.9%	85.4%
91	Morocco	76.5%	76.6%	77.1%	77.2%	69.7%	82%	84.5%
92	Jamaica	85.2%	-	-	82.7%	82.7%	81%	83.5%
93	Chile	82.2%	82.1%	81.3%	80.9%	80.3%	79.7%	82.2%
94	Cyprus	78.9%	-	32.5%	-	79.7%	-	82.2%
95	Egypt	94.7%	82.2%	84.1%	-	83.8%	78.4%	80.9%
96	Colombia	83.8%	81.2%	91.5%	78%	-	-	80.5%
97	Bangladesh	-	41.7%	41.7%	91.2%	92.5%	77.5%	80%
98	Sri Lanka	55.4%	52.7%	75.1%	77.2%	77.4%	-	79.9%
99	Ecuador	72.4%	72.8%	72.8%	72.8%	75.7%	76.1%	78.6%
100	Ireland	67.2%	-	-	-	75%	-	77.5%
101	Peru	76%	69.7%	70.2%	75.3%	70.6%	75%	77.5%
102	Italy	42.8%	-	44.3%	-	73.8%	-	76.3%
103	Philippines	78%	79.1%	74.1%	66.4%	73.7%	72.7%	75.2%
104	Jordan	33.5%	33.6%	42%	31.6%	69.6%	72.6%	75.1%
105	Portugal	98.8%	98.3%	99.5%	-	71%	-	73.5%
106	Lebanon	66.5%	67.7%	69.6%	70.1%	69.8%	68.1%	71.6%
107	Algeria	-	-	-	58.5%	63.3%	61.3%	71.1%
108	Brazil	48.6%	54.9%	57.5%	60.6%	63.9%	66.3%	69.8%
109	Serbia	27%	-	42%	-	66.2%	-	69.7%
110	Kenya	-	-	-	-	65.4%	-	68.9%
111	Namibia	69.1%	66.5%	66.9%	69.8%	67.8%	64.2%	67.7%
112	Argentina	66.3%	64.6%	62.7%	62.5%	62.5%	-	66%
113	Nepal	-	31.6%	-	12.1%	19.2%	27.3%	62.4%
114	Sao Tome and Principe	-	-	-	-	-	-	62.2%
115	Syria	-	53.5%	50.7%	53.8%	54.8%	55.1%	58.6%
116	France	41.9%	-	38.2%	-	54.9%	-	58.4%
117	Cape Verde	44.4%	47.5%	51.5%	53.3%	-	-	56.8%
118	India	16.8%	18.9%	22.1%	28.1%	29.8%	42.7%	56.8%
119	Botswana	-	-	-	51.4%	-	-	54.9%
120	Zimbabwe	40.7%	41%	42.8%	45.9%	47.8%	50.3%	53.8%
121	Mexico	54.3%	53.7%	50.6%	48.3%	46.3%	47.5%	51.6%
122	Venezuela	-	-	-	0%	-	47%	51%
123	Guyana	-	-	-	-	42.9%	45.6%	49.6%
124	Montenegro	38.4%	-	51.1%	-	44.9%	-	48.9%
125	Djibouti	-	-	-	-	43.1%	-	47.1%
126	Panama	47.9%	47.9%	-	47.9%	42.4%	-	46.4%
127	Croatia	22.1%	-	41.9%	-	-	-	45.9%
128	South Africa	100%	-	10.1%	-	39.4%	-	43.4%
129	Russia	51.5%	-	37.9%	-	-	-	41.9%
130	North Macedonia	81.5%	-	88.3%	-	37.8%	-	41.8%
131	Guatemala	37.4%	-	-	-	-	-	41.4%
132	Micronesia	21.4%	31.5%	32.2%	32.2%	35.4%	36.1%	40.1%
133	Bosnia and Herzegovina	27.9%	-	-	-	34.6%	-	38.6%
134	Paraguay	32.3%	-	-	-	-	-	36.3%
135	Honduras	31.1%	-	-	-	-	-	35.1%
136	Comoros	-	-	-	-	-	-	34.8%
137	Kiribati	-	22.7%	14.4%	25.8%	33%	29.9%	33.9%
138	Zambia	-	-	-	-	-	29.5%	33.5%
139	Timor-Leste	-	-	-	30.7%	28.8%	-	32.8%
140	Eswatini	69.7%	-	-	14.9%	27.1%	-	31.1%
141	Marshall Islands	92.6%	92.6%	26.1%	26.1%	25%	-	29%
142	Dominican Republic	69.4%	-	-	23.2%	23.2%	24.8%	28.8%
143	Grenada	-	-	-	50.6%	72.7%	22.1%	26.1%
144	Laos	-	-	-	-	-	11.1%	21.7%
145	Nicaragua	11.3%	-	-	17.3%	-	-	21.3%
146	Cameroon	-	-	-	16.7%	-	-	20.7%
147	Albania	49%	54.3%	83%	-	15.4%	-	19.4%
148	Bolivia	-	-	-	-	-	-	18.4%
149	Mauritania	-	-	-	-	-	-	18%
150	Solomon Islands	13.2%	-	-	-	-	-	17.2%
151	Senegal	27.3%	28.5%	18.6%	18.8%	23.4%	12.5%	16.5%
152	Congo	-	-	-	-	-	-	16.2%
153	Indonesia	-	-	-	-	8%	11.4%	16.2%
154	Togo	-	2.3%	2.6%	3.3%	2%	11.4%	15.4%
155	Gambia	21.2%	21.9%	22.5%	10.6%	8.6%	10%	14.5%
156	Tuvalu	70%	70%	100%	100%	10%	-	14%
157	Afghanistan	9%	-	-	-	-	-	13%
158	Liberia	-	8.2%	-	-	-	-	12.2%
159	Ivory Coast	-	7.3%	-	-	-	8%	12%
160	Cambodia	-	-	8.8%	5.3%	5.5%	7.3%	11.3%
161	Angola	-	-	-	-	-	-	11%
162	Mali	-	-	-	-	6.2%	-	10.2%
163	Gabon	4.6%	-	-	-	-	-	8.6%
164	Madagascar	0.5%	-	-	3%	3.9%	3.9%	7.9%
165	Ghana	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.5%
166	Niger	2%	-	2%	-	3.1%	2.3%	6.3%
167	Malawi	8.5%	-	-	1.9%	1.8%	-	5.8%
168	Sierra Leone	1.8%	1.6%	1%	1.6%	1.5%	1.6%	5.6%
169	Pakistan	46.2%	-	-	-	-	1%	5%
170	Burkina Faso	6%	4.3%	0.6%	-	0.9%	0.8%	4.8%
171	Chad	-	-	0%	-	1.5%	0.8%	4.8%
172	Myanmar	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.5%
173	Burundi	0%	-	-	-	-	-	4%
174	DR Congo	-	-	-	-	-	-	4%
175	Guinea	-	-	-	-	-	-	4%
176	Nauru	100%	100%	-	0%	0%	0%	4%

Methodology

This analysis presents 2026 computer access projections for primary schools across 180+ countries through comprehensive individual country assessment of historical data, development trajectories, and contextual factors. The methodology emphasizes transparency, accountability to source data, and realistic projections rooted in country-specific circumstances.

Data Source and Measurement: The analysis utilizes UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) data on the proportion of primary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes, spanning the period 2000-2025 (Indicator SCHBSP.1.WCOMPUT, component of SDG Indicator 4.a.1). This indicator measures the proportion of primary schools (ISCED Level 1, typically ages 6-11) with access to computers for teaching and learning purposes. The dataset encompasses 180+ countries with varying data availability, with data recency ranging from 2023-2025 for many countries to older data from 2000-2022 for others.

Individual Country Assessment: Rather than applying automated projection methods, this analysis employed dedicated manual assessment for all countries. Each country received individualized analysis considering its unique historical pattern, baseline value, regional context, income level, infrastructure development trajectory, and technology adoption trends. This approach ensures projections reflect real-world constraints and opportunities rather than applying uniform growth assumptions across diverse contexts.

Baseline Value Respect: All projections respect the most recent available data as the baseline, with changes typically limited to ±3-5 percentage points from the latest value. This conservative approach acknowledges that computer infrastructure in schools evolves gradually and that dramatic shifts require extraordinary circumstances or major policy initiatives.

Saturation Effects: Countries with computer access above 85% receive minimal growth projections, typically +0.5 to +2 percentage points, recognizing that reaching the final 10-15% of schools involves the most remote, costly installations. Conversely, countries in the 30-70% range often show larger absolute gains as mid-range expansion is typically more cost-effective than final-mile coverage.

Technology Adoption Trends: Projections incorporated sector-specific technology developments: declining computer costs, mobile device adoption, government digital education initiatives, and COVID-19 pandemic impacts on school digitalization. Countries that accelerated computer deployment during 2020-2023 were assessed for sustainability of these gains versus potential reversals if funding priorities shift.

Regional Benchmarking: Countries were evaluated within their regional contexts to ensure projections align with comparable nations. This approach prevents unrealistic outliers while respecting individual country circumstances.

Data Quality Notes

Methodology Changes and Data Anomalies: The UNESCO Institute for Statistics dataset contains several countries with significant unexplained data fluctuations that suggest potential methodology changes, data collection issues, or reporting inconsistencies. These anomalies do not reflect realistic changes in school computer access but rather appear to be artifacts of the data collection or reporting process. Notable examples include:

Albania experienced a sharp decline from 83.0% (2021) to 15.4% (2023), suggesting a methodology change in how computer access was measured or reported. Tuvalu showed a dramatic drop from 100.0% (2022) to 10.0% (2023), an implausible change that likely reflects a data collection or definition change rather than actual infrastructure loss. Marshall Islands declined from 92.6% (2020) to 26.1% (2021), and Nauru fell from 100.0% (2020) to 0.0% (2022), both indicating potential measurement inconsistencies. South Africa reported 100.0% (2019) before dropping to 10.1% (2021), and Zambia declined from 85.4% (2017) to 29.5% (2024), suggesting evolving data collection standards.

Despite these data quality concerns, this analysis uses the most recent available data as the baseline for projections, as required by transparency and accountability principles. The 2026 projections for affected countries are therefore conservative, respecting the latest reported values while acknowledging that these values may not accurately reflect actual school computer access. Users should interpret projections for countries with significant data anomalies with appropriate caution, recognizing that actual infrastructure levels may differ from reported figures.