Graphite Production by Country

Graphite production by country measures how much natural graphite each country mines, expressed in tonnes. The figures refer to mine production of natural graphite (all grades), in line with the underlying sources. The statistics combine an Our World in Data series for 2020-2023, built from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries and the BGS World Mineral Statistics, with 2024 and 2025 estimates taken directly from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. The table below lists 19 countries that record graphite production in the period. 2025 figures are available individually for 18 countries, which produced a combined 1,752,880 tonnes in 2025, below the reported World total of 1,800,000 tonnes in the source. Uzbekistan keeps its earlier Our World in Data value (110 tonnes in 2024).

Countries With the Largest Graphite Production in 2025

China produced the most graphite in 2025 with 1,400,000 tonnes. Madagascar ranked second with 80,000, followed by Tanzania (75,000), Brazil (65,000), Mozambique (60,000), Russia (25,000), India (17,000), Canada (8,000), North Korea (8,000), and Norway (6,600).

Graphite Production by Country

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#	Country	Latest Data (tonnes)	Year
1	China CN	1,400,000	2025
2	Madagascar MG	80,000	2025
3	Tanzania TZ	75,000	2025
4	Brazil BR	65,000	2025
5	Mozambique MZ	60,000	2025
6	Russia RU	25,000	2025
7	India IN	17,000	2025
8	Canada CA	8,000	2025
9	North Korea KP	8,000	2025
10	Norway NO	6,600	2025
11	Sri Lanka LK	3,200	2025
12	Türkiye TR	2,200	2025
13	Ukraine UA	800	2025
14	Mexico MX	740	2025
15	South Korea KR	500	2025
16	Vietnam VN	500	2025
17	Austria AT	200	2025
18	Germany DE	140	2025
19	Uzbekistan UZ	110	2021

China alone accounted for about 78 percent of the World total in 2025, and China and Madagascar together for about 82 percent; the top three countries accounted for about 86 percent. China's output was about 17.5 times that of Madagascar. China was the only country to produce more than 100,000 tonnes in 2025; five countries produced at least 50,000 tonnes.

Graphite Production Around the World

In Asia, China (1,400,000) leads by a wide margin, ahead of India (17,000) and North Korea (8,000). Sri Lanka (3,200), South Korea (500), and Vietnam (500) follow; Türkiye (2,200) is in Europe and Western Asia.

In Africa, Madagascar (80,000) leads, ahead of Tanzania (75,000) and Mozambique (60,000). In the Americas, Brazil (65,000) leads, ahead of Canada (8,000) and Mexico (740). In Europe, Russia (25,000) leads, ahead of Norway (6,600), Ukraine (800), Austria (200), and Germany (140). The United States is listed in the source with no reported value.

Largest Changes in Graphite Production, 2024-2025

China recorded the largest increase, rising from 1,270,000 tonnes in 2024 to 1,400,000 in 2025 (up 130,000, about 10 percent). Tanzania rose from 27,000 to 75,000 (up 48,000, about 178 percent), Mozambique from 39,000 to 60,000 (up 21,000, about 54 percent), Brazil by 7,000, Russia by 5,000, Norway by 1,260, Sri Lanka by 200, Austria by 100, and Mexico by 34.

Madagascar recorded the largest decline, falling from 85,000 to 80,000 tonnes (down 5,000, about 6 percent). Canada fell from 11,700 to 8,000 (down 3,700, about 32 percent), India by 600, South Korea by 500, Türkiye by 400, and North Korea and Ukraine each by 100. Germany (140) and Vietnam (500) held their levels.

The World total rose from 1,550,000 to 1,800,000 tonnes (up 250,000, about 16 percent). China contributed 130,000 tonnes of the 250,000-tonne increase, while Tanzania added another 48,000 tonnes.

The 2024 figures in this release are revised from earlier values, most notably Mozambique (revised down from 75,000 to 39,000 tonnes), India (down from 27,800 to 17,600), Brazil (down from 68,000 to 58,000), and South Korea (down from 9,600 to 1,000).

Graphite Production by Country

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#	Country	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
1	China	762,000	820,000	1,210,000	1,210,000	1,270,000	1,400,000
2	Brazil	63,600	82,000	72,000	66,300	58,000	65,000
3	Mozambique	28,000	72,000	166,000	98,000	39,000	60,000
4	Russia	25,000	15,000	16,000	15,000	20,000	25,000
5	Madagascar	20,900	70,000	130,000	63,000	85,000	80,000
6	Ukraine	16,000	10,000	1000	1670	900	800
7	Norway	12,000	6,290	10,380	6,480	5,340	6,600
8	South Korea	-	10,500	23,800	9,620	1000	500
9	North Korea	8,100	8,100	8,100	8,100	8,100	8,000
10	Canada	8,000	12,000	13,000	5,470	11,700	8,000
11	India	6,000	7,000	11,000	25,600	17,600	17,000
12	Vietnam	5,000	5,000	500	2,500	500	500
13	Sri Lanka	4,000	3,000	2,600	3,000	3,000	3,200
14	Mexico	3,300	2,100	2000	1300	706	740
15	Türkiye	2,500	2,700	2,800	2,800	2,600	2,200
16	Austria	500	500	500	500	100	200
17	Germany	300	250	170	180	140	140
18	Uzbekistan	100	110	-	-	-	-
19	Tanzania	0	0	6,120	13,200	27,000	75,000

Methodology

The 2020-2023 figures come from Our World in Data, which compiles national graphite production figures from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries, the USGS Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities, and the BGS World Mineral Statistics, with major processing by Our World in Data; USGS data is prioritized, with BGS data used to supplement it. The 2024 and 2025 figures are estimates from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 where available; Uzbekistan keeps its earlier Our World in Data value. Values refer to mine production of natural graphite (all grades), in tonnes, and 2025 figures are preliminary estimates from the source. The sum of individually reported country estimates does not equal the reported World total; the source reports these figures separately and country-level estimates may not reconcile directly with the World total. In the table, a zero reflects no production, while an empty cell means that no value was reported.