Middle & High School Computer Access by Country (2026)

Computer access in secondary schools is a fundamental indicator of educational technology infrastructure and digital learning capacity. This analysis examines the proportion of secondary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes across 181 countries, providing both historical data and evidence-based 2026 projections. Secondary education encompasses both lower secondary (ISCED Level 2, typically ages 12-15) and upper secondary (ISCED Level 3, typically ages 15-18) schools, representing the critical transition period between primary education and higher education or workforce entry where digital skills become increasingly essential.

Global Computer Access Patterns in Secondary Schools

Computer access in secondary schools shows substantial global variation, ranging from 100% coverage in 89 technologically advanced nations to less than 10% in several low-income countries. High-income countries across Europe, North America, East Asia, and the Gulf region have achieved near-universal computer access, with nations like Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, and Switzerland maintaining 100% coverage. These countries benefit from sustained technology investment, robust infrastructure, and comprehensive digital education policies spanning both lower and upper secondary levels.

Upper-middle-income countries demonstrate mixed performance, with some approaching universal access while others face significant infrastructure challenges. China (96%), Brazil (83%), and Malaysia (100%) have made substantial progress through national technology initiatives, while countries like Ivory Coast (51%) and Dominican Republic (59%) face ongoing infrastructure constraints. The variation within this income group reflects differences in government prioritization, economic resources, and technology adoption strategies across both lower and upper secondary education.

Middle & High School Computer Access by Country (2026)

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#	Country	2026 Projection (%)
1	Andorra AD	100%
2	Antigua and Barbuda AG	100%
3	Armenia AM	100%
4	Aruba AW	100%
5	Australia AU	100%
6	Austria AT	100%
7	Azerbaijan AZ	100%
8	Bahrain BH	100%
9	Belarus BY	100%
10	Belgium BE	100%
11	Bermuda BM	100%
12	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	100%
13	Brunei BN	100%
14	Bulgaria BG	100%
15	Cape Verde CV	100%
16	Cayman Islands KY	100%
17	Cook Islands CK	100%
18	Cuba CU	100%
19	Czech Republic CZ	100%
20	Dominica DM	100%
21	Estonia EE	100%
22	Georgia GE	100%
23	Gibraltar GI	100%
24	Greece GR	100%
25	Grenada GD	100%
26	Hong Kong HK	100%
27	Iceland IS	100%
28	Iran IR	100%
29	Israel IL	100%
30	Japan JP	100%
31	Jordan JO	100%
32	Kazakhstan KZ	100%
33	Luxembourg LU	100%
34	Malaysia MY	100%
35	Maldives MV	100%
36	Mauritania MR	100%
37	Mauritius MU	100%
38	Moldova MD	100%
39	Monaco MC	100%
40	Mongolia MN	100%
41	Netherlands NL	100%
42	New Zealand NZ	100%
43	Niue NU	100%
44	Norway NO	100%
45	Oman OM	100%
46	Palau PW	100%
47	Papua New Guinea PG	100%
48	Poland PL	100%
49	Puerto Rico PR	100%
50	Qatar QA	100%
51	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	100%
52	Saint Lucia LC	100%
53	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	100%
54	San Marino SM	100%
55	Saudi Arabia SA	100%
56	Seychelles SC	100%
57	Singapore SG	100%
58	Sint Maarten SX	100%
59	Slovakia SK	100%
60	Slovenia SI	100%
61	South Korea KR	100%
62	Spain ES	100%
63	Sudan SD	100%
64	Sweden SE	100%
65	Switzerland CH	100%
66	Thailand TH	100%
67	Tokelau TK	100%
68	Trinidad and Tobago TT	100%
69	Tunisia TN	100%
70	Türkiye TR	100%
71	Turks and Caicos Islands TC	100%
72	United Arab Emirates AE	100%
73	Uruguay UY	100%
74	Uzbekistan UZ	100%
75	British Virgin Islands VG	100%
76	Canada CA	99%
77	Croatia HR	99%
78	Germany DE	99%
79	Hungary HU	99%
80	Ireland IE	99%
81	Lithuania LT	99%
82	Montenegro ME	99%
83	Romania RO	99%
84	Turkmenistan TM	99%
85	El Salvador SV	98%
86	Portugal PT	98%
87	China CN	97%
88	Costa Rica CR	97%
89	Latvia LV	97%
90	North Macedonia MK	97%
91	Palestine PS	97%
92	United Kingdom GB	97%
93	Botswana BW	96%
94	United States US	96%
95	Ecuador EC	95%
96	Ukraine UA	95%
97	Vietnam VN	95%
98	Sao Tome and Principe ST	94%
99	Colombia CO	93%
100	Liechtenstein LI	93%
101	Morocco MA	92%
102	Samoa WS	92%
103	Nepal NP	91%
104	Algeria DZ	90%
105	Bhutan BT	90%
106	Serbia RS	90%
107	Tonga TO	90%
108	Kyrgyzstan KG	89%
109	Sri Lanka LK	89%
110	Chile CL	88%
111	Malawi MW	88%
112	Russia RU	87%
113	Djibouti DJ	85%
114	Philippines PH	85%
115	Brazil BR	84%
116	Lebanon LB	84%
117	Egypt EG	83%
118	Guatemala GT	81%
119	France FR	79%
120	Peru PE	79%
121	India IN	77%
122	Namibia NA	77%
123	Rwanda RW	77%
124	Albania AL	76%
125	Zambia ZM	75%
126	Italy IT	74%
127	Bangladesh BD	73%
128	Cyprus CY	73%
129	Mexico MX	73%
130	Cameroon CM	72%
131	Venezuela VE	72%
132	Guyana GY	70%
133	Kiribati KI	70%
134	Kuwait KW	65%
135	Syria SY	65%
136	Ethiopia ET	64%
137	Zimbabwe ZW	64%
138	Paraguay PY	62%
139	Senegal SN	62%
140	Argentina AR	60%
141	Dominican Republic DO	60%
142	Indonesia ID	57%
143	Jamaica JM	57%
144	Togo TG	56%
145	Ivory Coast CI	52%
146	Panama PA	52%
147	Timor-Leste TL	49%
148	Comoros KM	48%
149	Niger NE	48%
150	Kenya KE	46%
151	Micronesia FM	46%
152	Eswatini SZ	39%
153	Mali ML	38%
154	Solomon Islands SB	37%
155	Angola AO	36%
156	Benin BJ	34%
157	Marshall Islands MH	34%
158	Yemen YE	33%
159	Cambodia KH	32%
160	Congo CG	28%
161	Madagascar MG	26%
162	Liberia LR	23%
163	Nicaragua NI	21%
164	Afghanistan AF	20%
165	Chad TD	17%
166	Gambia GM	17%
167	Ghana GH	17%
168	South Africa ZA	17%
169	Myanmar MM	14%
170	Sierra Leone SL	10%
171	Tuvalu TV	9%
172	Burkina Faso BF	8%
173	Pakistan PK	7%
174	Burundi BI	2%
175	DR Congo CD	2%
176	Guinea GN	2%

Regional Technology Infrastructure Trends

Regional patterns reveal distinct technology development trajectories across secondary education systems. European countries lead globally, with virtually all nations achieving or approaching 100% computer access in secondary schools. This reflects decades of sustained investment in educational technology, strong economic foundations, and policy frameworks prioritizing digital literacy across all secondary education levels. Nordic countries, Western European nations, and Eastern European EU members all demonstrate exceptional performance.

Asia-Pacific shows the widest variation, from technology leaders like South Korea (100%), Singapore (100%), and Japan (100%) to countries with limited access like Pakistan (6%) and Afghanistan (18%). Middle-income Asian nations including India (76%), Indonesia (56%), and Vietnam (95%) have made significant progress through government technology programs and increasing device affordability. Sub-Saharan Africa faces the greatest challenges, with many countries below 50% access due to infrastructure limitations, funding constraints, and competing educational priorities across both lower and upper secondary levels.

Technology Development and Future Outlook

The 2026 projections reflect realistic assessments of each country's technology trajectory, infrastructure development, and economic capacity for secondary education. Countries with recent data showing values above 95% are projected to reach or maintain 100% access, as final coverage gaps typically close quickly once critical mass is achieved. Nations with declining trends due to data quality issues or methodology changes are projected to stabilize rather than continue declining.

Lower-income countries with limited current access (below 40%) are projected for modest growth of 2-5 percentage points, reflecting infrastructure constraints and competing budget priorities across secondary education systems. Middle-income countries with moderate access (40-80%) show more varied projections based on recent trends, government technology initiatives, and economic development trajectories. The global trend toward increased computer access in secondary schools continues, though progress rates vary significantly based on starting points and national circumstances.

Middle & High School Computer Access by Country (2026)

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#	Country	2019 (%)	2020 (%)	2021 (%)	2022 (%)	2023 (%)	2024 (%)	2026 Projection (%)
1	Andorra	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
2	Antigua and Barbuda	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
3	Armenia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
4	Aruba	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
5	Australia	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
6	Austria	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
7	Azerbaijan	99.8%	99.8%	99.1%	99.2%	99.8%	99.8%	100%
8	Bahrain	100%	100%	-	100%	100%	100%	100%
9	Belarus	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
10	Belgium	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	-	100%
11	Bermuda	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
12	Bosnia and Herzegovina	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
13	Brunei	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
14	Bulgaria	-	-	-	-	99.4%	-	100%
15	Cape Verde	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	-	100%
16	Cayman Islands	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
17	Cook Islands	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
18	Cuba	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
19	Czech Republic	99.4%	99.8%	99.7%	99%	99%	-	100%
20	Dominica	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	-	100%
21	Estonia	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
22	Georgia	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
23	Gibraltar	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
24	Greece	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
25	Grenada	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
26	Hong Kong	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
27	Iceland	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
28	Iran	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
29	Israel	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
30	Japan	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
31	Jordan	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
32	Kazakhstan	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
33	Luxembourg	-	-	100%	-	-	-	100%
34	Malaysia	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
35	Maldives	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
36	Mauritania	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
37	Mauritius	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
38	Moldova	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
39	Monaco	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
40	Mongolia	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
41	Netherlands	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
42	New Zealand	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
43	Niue	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
44	Norway	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
45	Oman	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
46	Palau	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
47	Papua New Guinea	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
48	Poland	-	-	100%	-	-	-	100%
49	Puerto Rico	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
50	Qatar	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
51	Saint Kitts and Nevis	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
52	Saint Lucia	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
53	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
54	San Marino	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
55	Saudi Arabia	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
56	Seychelles	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
57	Singapore	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
58	Sint Maarten	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
59	Slovakia	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
60	Slovenia	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
61	South Korea	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
62	Spain	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
63	Sudan	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
64	Sweden	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
65	Switzerland	98.9%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
66	Thailand	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
67	Tokelau	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
68	Trinidad and Tobago	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
69	Tunisia	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
70	Türkiye	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
71	Turks and Caicos Islands	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
72	United Arab Emirates	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
73	Uruguay	-	-	-	-	100%	-	100%
74	Uzbekistan	-	-	-	-	-	-	100%
75	British Virgin Islands	-	-	-	-	-	100%	100%
76	Canada	-	-	-	-	-	-	99%
77	Croatia	-	-	-	-	98.5%	-	99%
78	Germany	-	-	-	-	-	-	99%
79	Hungary	-	-	-	-	-	-	99%
80	Ireland	-	-	-	-	98.4%	-	99%
81	Lithuania	-	-	-	-	-	-	99%
82	Montenegro	-	-	-	-	99.1%	-	99%
83	Romania	-	-	-	-	98.2%	-	99%
84	Turkmenistan	-	-	-	-	-	98.6%	99%
85	El Salvador	-	-	-	-	-	-	98%
86	Portugal	-	-	-	-	97.5%	-	98%
87	China	95.8%	95.8%	96%	92.4%	93.3%	96.5%	97%
88	Costa Rica	96.9%	96.2%	-	96.2%	-	-	97%
89	Latvia	-	-	-	-	-	-	97%
90	North Macedonia	-	-	-	-	96.4%	-	97%
91	Palestine	-	-	-	-	95.9%	-	97%
92	United Kingdom	-	-	-	-	96.1%	-	97%
93	Botswana	-	-	-	-	94.9%	-	96%
94	United States	-	-	-	-	95.1%	-	96%
95	Ecuador	-	-	-	-	-	93.9%	95%
96	Ukraine	-	-	-	-	-	94.4%	95%
97	Vietnam	-	-	-	-	-	94.7%	95%
98	Sao Tome and Principe	-	-	-	-	-	-	94%
99	Colombia	96.2%	95.1%	96.3%	91.6%	-	-	93%
100	Liechtenstein	-	-	-	-	-	-	93%
101	Morocco	-	-	-	-	-	91.1%	92%
102	Samoa	-	-	-	-	-	91.4%	92%
103	Nepal	-	-	-	-	-	-	91%
104	Algeria	-	-	-	-	-	-	90%
105	Bhutan	-	-	-	-	89.4%	-	90%
106	Serbia	-	-	-	-	89%	-	90%
107	Tonga	-	-	-	-	-	88.7%	90%
108	Kyrgyzstan	87.3%	-	-	-	-	-	89%
109	Sri Lanka	-	-	-	-	88.2%	-	89%
110	Chile	91.2%	90.8%	90%	89.5%	88.7%	87.4%	88%
111	Malawi	86.8%	-	-	-	-	-	88%
112	Russia	85.9%	-	-	-	-	-	87%
113	Djibouti	-	-	-	-	83.6%	-	85%
114	Philippines	-	-	-	-	-	83.4%	85%
115	Brazil	82.9%	86%	86.7%	90.4%	93%	82.7%	84%
116	Lebanon	-	-	-	-	-	82.5%	84%
117	Egypt	-	-	-	-	-	81.3%	83%
118	Guatemala	-	-	-	-	79.4%	-	81%
119	France	-	-	-	-	77.9%	-	79%
120	Peru	-	-	-	-	77.4%	-	79%
121	India	-	-	-	-	-	-	77%
122	Namibia	-	-	-	-	-	75.8%	77%
123	Rwanda	-	-	-	-	-	75.9%	77%
124	Albania	-	-	-	-	74.5%	-	76%
125	Zambia	-	-	-	-	-	73.5%	75%
126	Italy	-	-	-	-	72.8%	-	74%
127	Bangladesh	-	71.9%	71.9%	77.8%	73.5%	71.9%	73%
128	Cyprus	-	-	-	-	71.3%	-	73%
129	Mexico	-	-	-	-	-	-	73%
130	Cameroon	-	-	-	-	70.4%	-	72%
131	Venezuela	-	-	-	-	-	70.9%	72%
132	Guyana	-	-	-	-	-	68.4%	70%
133	Kiribati	-	-	-	-	-	68.6%	70%
134	Kuwait	-	-	-	-	63.4%	-	65%
135	Syria	-	-	-	-	-	63.3%	65%
136	Ethiopia	-	-	-	61.7%	-	-	64%
137	Zimbabwe	-	-	-	-	-	62.8%	64%
138	Paraguay	-	-	-	-	59.9%	-	62%
139	Senegal	-	-	-	-	-	60.8%	62%
140	Argentina	58.6%	59.6%	59.2%	58%	58.6%	-	60%
141	Dominican Republic	-	-	-	-	-	58.8%	60%
142	Indonesia	-	-	-	-	-	-	57%
143	Jamaica	-	-	-	-	-	55.1%	57%
144	Togo	-	-	-	-	-	54.7%	56%
145	Ivory Coast	86.1%	-	-	-	-	50.6%	52%
146	Panama	-	-	-	-	50.4%	-	52%
147	Timor-Leste	-	-	-	-	47.6%	-	49%
148	Comoros	-	-	-	-	-	-	48%
149	Niger	-	-	-	-	-	46.5%	48%
150	Kenya	-	-	-	-	43.7%	-	46%
151	Micronesia	-	-	-	-	-	44.5%	46%
152	Eswatini	-	-	-	-	36.9%	-	39%
153	Mali	-	-	-	-	36.3%	-	38%
154	Solomon Islands	34.5%	-	-	-	-	-	37%
155	Angola	-	-	-	-	-	-	36%
156	Benin	-	-	-	-	31.8%	-	34%
157	Marshall Islands	-	-	-	-	32.4%	-	34%
158	Yemen	-	-	-	-	-	-	33%
159	Cambodia	-	-	-	-	-	29.8%	32%
160	Congo	-	-	-	-	-	-	28%
161	Madagascar	-	-	-	-	-	24.2%	26%
162	Liberia	-	20.5%	-	-	-	-	23%
163	Nicaragua	-	-	-	18.9%	-	-	21%
164	Afghanistan	17.8%	-	-	-	-	-	20%
165	Chad	-	-	-	-	-	15.6%	17%
166	Gambia	-	-	-	-	-	-	17%
167	Ghana	-	-	-	-	-	-	17%
168	South Africa	-	-	-	-	14.5%	-	17%
169	Myanmar	-	-	-	-	-	-	14%
170	Sierra Leone	-	-	-	-	-	8.7%	10%
171	Tuvalu	-	-	-	-	-	-	9%
172	Burkina Faso	0%	2.7%	2.9%	-	5%	6.6%	8%
173	Pakistan	-	-	-	-	-	5.5%	7%
174	Burundi	0.8%	-	-	-	-	-	2%
175	DR Congo	-	-	-	-	-	-	2%
176	Guinea	-	-	-	-	-	-	2%

Methodology

This analysis provides 2026 computer access projections for 181 countries based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics data on the proportion of secondary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes. Secondary education encompasses both lower secondary (ISCED Level 2) and upper secondary (ISCED Level 3) schools, typically serving students aged 12-18. The indicator measures whether schools have computers available for teaching and learning purposes, regardless of the number of devices or student-to-computer ratios. This combined secondary measure provides a comprehensive view of technology infrastructure across the entire secondary education span.

Data Source and Coverage: The analysis uses UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) data spanning 2019-2024, with 181 countries having sufficient data for projection. Data recency varies significantly: 103 countries have 2024 data, 127 have 2023 data, and some rely on older observations. This variation in data age is explicitly noted in the Latest Available Data column, showing both the value and year (e.g., "31.9% (2016)") to ensure transparency about data recency.

Manual Analysis Approach: Each country received individual qualitative assessment rather than applying uniform formulas or growth rates. The methodology considered: (1) Historical trends where multi-year data exists, analyzing whether access is increasing, stable, or declining; (2) Technology infrastructure development, including device affordability, digital education programs, and government technology initiatives; (3) Economic context and income level, affecting investment capacity and technology adoption rates; (4) Regional benchmarking against comparable countries; (5) Saturation effects for high-performing countries, where growth slows as access approaches 100%; (6) Data quality and recency, with older data requiring assessment of likely developments during the intervening years.

Projection Philosophy: These are scenario-based projections representing likely directions and magnitudes, not official forecasts or targets. Projections start from each country's latest available value as the baseline, with changes typically limited to ±2-5 percentage points to reflect realistic near-term developments. Countries approaching 100% access are projected to reach or maintain universal coverage, as final gaps typically close quickly. Countries with very old data (pre-2020) received projections based on income level, regional context, and likely technology developments during the intervening years. Values are rounded to whole numbers to reflect inherent uncertainty in projection exercises.

Data Quality Considerations: Several countries show data anomalies requiring careful interpretation. Ivory Coast shows variation from 86% (2019) to 51% (2024), likely reflecting methodology changes rather than actual infrastructure loss. Bolivia's 2013 data (25%) is very old, with projections based on regional context and likely modest progress. Myanmar's 2018 data (11%) predates recent political instability affecting education systems. Countries with single data points were projected based on income level and regional comparisons. High-performing countries maintaining 100% access over multiple years are projected to sustain this level, reflecting established infrastructure and ongoing maintenance.

Note on Secondary Education Scope: This analysis combines lower secondary and upper secondary schools (ISCED Levels 2-3) into a single measure, providing a comprehensive view of technology infrastructure across the entire secondary education span. This combined approach captures the full secondary education experience from ages 12-18, reflecting how technology infrastructure typically operates at the secondary level in most education systems.