Net Electricity Imports by Country

Net electricity imports by country measure the balance between electricity imported and exported across international borders, expressed in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu) per year. The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics and cover 123 countries with reported values for 2019-2024. The reported World total was approximately -0.04 quad Btu in 2024.

A positive value means that a country imported more electricity than it exported, while a negative value means that it exported more electricity than it imported. The indicator therefore shows the direction and size of a country's net electricity trade balance rather than total electricity imports or exports.

Net Electricity Imports by Country

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#	Country	2024 (quad Btu)
1	Italy IT	0.17
2	United Kingdom GB	0.11
3	Thailand TH	0.11
4	Germany DE	0.09
5	United States US	0.05
6	Brazil BR	0.04
7	Hong Kong HK	0.04
8	Hungary HU	0.04
9	Portugal PT	0.04
10	Belgium BE	0.04
11	Bangladesh BD	0.03
12	Argentina AR	0.03
13	Iraq IQ	0.02
14	Palestine PS	0.02
15	Afghanistan AF	0.02
16	Macau MO	0.02
17	Lithuania LT	0.02
18	Luxembourg LU	0.02
19	Ireland IE	0.02
20	Croatia HR	0.01
21	Denmark DK	0.01
22	Vietnam VN	0.01
23	Kyrgyzstan KG	0.01
24	Cambodia KH	0.01
25	Uzbekistan UZ	0.01
26	Finland FI	0.01
27	Romania RO	0.01
28	Estonia EE	0.01
29	Mongolia MN	0.01
30	Tunisia TN	0.01
31	Morocco MA	0.01
32	Kazakhstan KZ	0.01
33	Namibia NA	0.01
34	Poland PL	0.01
35	Zimbabwe ZW	0.01
36	Burkina Faso BF	0.01
37	Togo TG	0.01
38	Kenya KE	0.01
39	Bhutan BT	0.01
40	DR Congo CD	0
41	Benin BJ	0
42	Botswana BW	0
43	Niger NE	0
44	Uruguay UY	0
45	Latvia LV	0
46	Eswatini SZ	0
47	Malta MT	0
48	Indonesia ID	0
49	Nicaragua NI	0
50	Sudan SD	0
51	North Macedonia MK	0
52	Ecuador EC	0
53	Djibouti DJ	0
54	Lesotho LS	0
55	Gabon GA	0
56	Guatemala GT	0
57	Kosovo XK	0
58	Serbia RS	0
59	Senegal SN	0
60	Bahrain BH	0
61	Pakistan PK	0
62	Ukraine UA	0
63	Belize BZ	0
64	Albania AL	0
65	Mauritania MR	0
66	Costa Rica CR	0
67	Myanmar MM	0
68	Tanzania TZ	0
69	Georgia GE	0
70	Honduras HN	0
71	Jordan JO	0
72	Lebanon LB	0
73	Libya LY	0
74	Venezuela VE	0
75	Moldova MD	0
76	Saudi Arabia SA	0
77	Nepal NP	0
78	Panama PA	0
79	Montenegro ME	0
80	United Arab Emirates AE	0
81	Greece GR	0
82	Mexico MX	0
83	El Salvador SV	0
84	Uganda UG	0
85	Mali ML	0
86	Belarus BY	0
87	Syria SY	0
88	Ivory Coast CI	0
89	Türkiye TR	0
90	Bulgaria BG	0
91	Malaysia MY	0
92	Colombia CO	0
93	Azerbaijan AZ	0
94	South Africa ZA	0
95	Armenia AM	0
96	Egypt EG	0
97	Ethiopia ET	-0.01
98	India IN	-0.01
99	Nigeria NG	-0.01
100	Iran IR	-0.01
101	Slovenia SI	-0.01
102	Ghana GH	-0.01
103	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	-0.01
104	Algeria DZ	-0.01
105	Tajikistan TJ	-0.01
106	Slovakia SK	-0.01
107	Zambia ZM	-0.01
108	Mozambique MZ	-0.01
109	Netherlands NL	-0.01
110	Israel IL	-0.02
111	Czech Republic CZ	-0.02
112	Austria AT	-0.02
113	Turkmenistan TM	-0.03
114	Spain ES	-0.03
115	Canada CA	-0.04
116	Switzerland CH	-0.05
117	Russia RU	-0.06
118	China CN	-0.06
119	Norway NO	-0.06
120	Paraguay PY	-0.1
121	Sweden SE	-0.11
122	Laos LA	-0.13
123	France FR	-0.31

The reported World total for net electricity imports was approximately -0.04 quad Btu in 2024, compared with approximately -0.04 quad Btu in 2023.

Countries With the Largest Positive Net Electricity Import Balances in 2024

Italy had the largest positive net electricity import balance in 2024 at 0.174 quad Btu. The United Kingdom ranked second at 0.114 quad Btu, followed by Thailand (0.111), Germany (0.090), the United States (0.047), Brazil (0.040), Hong Kong (0.039), Hungary (0.037), Portugal (0.036), and Belgium (0.035).

Net Electricity Imports Around the World

Asia included several of the largest net electricity importers in 2024. Thailand recorded the highest positive balance in the region at 0.1106 quad Btu, followed by Hong Kong (0.0388), Bangladesh (0.0341), Iraq (0.0242), and Palestine (0.0239). China and India recorded negative balances, indicating that their electricity exports exceeded their imports.

Europe had both some of the largest net importers and net exporters in the dataset. Italy recorded the region's largest positive balance at 0.1740 quad Btu, followed by the United Kingdom (0.1140), Germany (0.0896), Hungary (0.0366), Portugal (0.0357), and Belgium (0.0353). France had the largest negative balance in Europe at -0.3066 quad Btu.

In North America, the United States recorded a positive balance of 0.0471 quad Btu, while Canada recorded -0.0424 quad Btu. In South America, Brazil and Argentina had the largest positive balances at 0.0395 and 0.0313 quad Btu, respectively. The dataset also includes countries with balances close to zero, reflecting relatively small differences between electricity imports and exports.

Net Importers and Net Exporters

Positive and negative values provide a simple way to distinguish between net electricity importers and exporters. Countries with positive balances imported more electricity than they exported, while countries with negative balances exported more than they imported. In 2024, Italy had the largest positive balance in the dataset, whereas France had the largest negative balance.

Changes in Net Electricity Imports, 2019-2024

The leading net electricity importers changed over the six-year period. The United States had the largest positive balance in both 2019 and 2020, with values of 0.1332 and 0.1614 quad Btu. Italy moved into first place in 2021 and remained the country with the largest positive balance through 2024. Thailand also maintained a consistently high positive balance throughout the period.

Several countries changed substantially over time. Germany moved from a negative balance of -0.1115 quad Btu in 2019 to a positive balance of 0.0896 in 2024. Türkiye also changed direction, moving from -0.0063 quad Btu in 2021 to positive balances in 2022 and 2023, before returning to a negative balance of -0.0034 quad Btu in 2024. France moved between positive and negative balances during the period and recorded its lowest value of -0.3066 quad Btu in 2024.

Largest Changes in Net Electricity Imports, 2023-2024

Germany recorded the largest positive change in its net electricity import balance among the countries listed, rising from 0.0315 quad Btu in 2023 to 0.0896 quad Btu in 2024. This was an increase of 0.0581 quad Btu, or approximately 184.4%. Canada recorded the second-largest positive change, with its net balance becoming 0.0523 quad Btu less negative, while the United Kingdom increased by 0.0328 quad Btu.

France recorded the largest decrease, falling from -0.1722 quad Btu in 2023 to -0.3066 quad Btu in 2024. The 0.1344 quad Btu decline resulted in a substantially larger net export balance. Switzerland decreased by 0.0273 quad Btu, while Austria decreased by 0.0229 quad Btu.

World Total Analysis for 2019-2024

The reported World total varied between approximately -0.04 and 0.0063 quad Btu during the 2019-2024 period. The reported values were -0.04 quad Btu in 2019, -0.01 in 2020, 0.0063 in 2021, -0.03 in 2022, -0.04 in 2023, and approximately -0.04 in 2024. Differences between the World total and the sum of individually listed countries can occur because of differences in coverage, estimates, and rounding in the source data.

Net Electricity Imports by Country

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#	Country	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	Italy	0.13	0.11	0.15	0.15	0.17	0.17
2	United Kingdom	0.07	0.06	0.08	-0.02	0.08	0.11
3	Thailand	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.11	0.1	0.11
4	Germany	-0.11	-0.06	-0.06	-0.09	0.03	0.09
5	United States	0.13	0.16	0.13	0.14	0.06	0.05
6	Brazil	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.04	0.05	0.04
7	Hong Kong	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
8	Hungary	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
9	Portugal	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.04
10	Belgium	-0.01	0	-0.03	-0.03	0.01	0.04
11	Bangladesh	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.03
12	Argentina	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.05	0.03
13	Iraq	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.02
14	Palestine	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
15	Afghanistan	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
16	Macau	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
17	Lithuania	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02
18	Luxembourg	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
19	Ireland	0	0	0.01	0	0.01	0.02
20	Croatia	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01
21	Denmark	0.02	0.02	0.02	0	0.01	0.01
22	Vietnam	0	0.01	0	0.01	0.01	0.01
23	Kyrgyzstan	0	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01
24	Cambodia	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01
25	Uzbekistan	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
26	Finland	0.07	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.01	0.01
27	Romania	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	-0.01	0.01
28	Estonia	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0.01	0.01
29	Mongolia	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
30	Tunisia	0	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01
31	Morocco	0	0	0	0	0.01	0.01
32	Kazakhstan	0	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01
33	Namibia	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
34	Poland	0.04	0.05	0	-0.01	0.01	0.01
35	Zimbabwe	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
36	Burkina Faso	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
37	Togo	0	0	0	0	0.01	0.01
38	Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0.01
39	Bhutan	-0.02	-0.02	0	0	0	0.01
40	DR Congo	0	0	0	0	0	0
41	Benin	0	0	0	0	0	0
42	Botswana	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0
43	Niger	0	0	0	0	0	0
44	Uruguay	-0.01	0	-0.01	0	0	0
45	Latvia	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0
46	Eswatini	0	0	0	0	0	0
47	Malta	0	0	0	0	0	0
48	Indonesia	0.01	0.01	0	0	0	0
49	Nicaragua	0	0	0	0	0	0
50	Sudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
51	North Macedonia	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0	0
52	Ecuador	-0.01	0	0	0	0	0
53	Djibouti	0	0	0	0	0	0
54	Lesotho	0	0	0	0	0	0
55	Gabon	0	0	0	0	0	0
56	Guatemala	0	0	0	0	0	0
57	Kosovo	0	0	0	0	0	0
58	Serbia	0	0	0	0.01	-0.01	0
59	Senegal	0	0	0	0	0	0
60	Bahrain	0	0	0	0	0	0
61	Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
62	Ukraine	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	0	0
63	Belize	0	0	0	0	0	0
64	Albania	0.01	0.01	0	0	0	0
65	Mauritania	0	0	0	0	0	0
66	Costa Rica	0	0	0	0	0	0
67	Myanmar	0	0	0	0	0	0
68	Tanzania	0	0	0	0	0	0
69	Georgia	0	0.01	0.01	0	0	0
70	Honduras	0	0	0	0	0	0
71	Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
72	Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
73	Libya	0	0	0	0	0	0
74	Venezuela	0	0	0	0	0	0
75	Moldova	0	0	0	0	0	0
76	Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
77	Nepal	0.01	0.01	0	0	0	0
78	Panama	0	0	0	0	0	0
79	Montenegro	0	0	0	0	0	0
80	United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
81	Greece	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.02	0
82	Mexico	0	0.01	0	0	0	0
83	El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
84	Uganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
85	Mali	0	0	0	0	0	0
86	Belarus	-0.01	0	0	0	0	0
87	Syria	0	0	0	0	0	0
88	Ivory Coast	0	0	0	0	0	0
89	Türkiye	0	0	-0.01	0.01	0.01	0
90	Bulgaria	-0.02	-0.01	-0.03	-0.04	-0.01	0
91	Malaysia	-0.01	-0.01	0	0	0	0
92	Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
93	Azerbaijan	0	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	0
94	South Africa	-0.02	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	0	0
95	Armenia	0	0	0	0	0	0
96	Egypt	0	0	-0.01	-0.01	0	0
97	Ethiopia	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
98	India	-0.01	0	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
99	Nigeria	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
100	Iran	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.01
101	Slovenia	0	-0.01	0	0	-0.01	-0.01
102	Ghana	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
103	Bosnia and Herzegovina	-0.01	-0.01	-0.02	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
104	Algeria	0	0	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
105	Tajikistan	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
106	Slovakia	0.01	0	0	0	-0.01	-0.01
107	Zambia	0	0	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
108	Mozambique	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01
109	Netherlands	0	-0.01	0	-0.01	-0.02	-0.01
110	Israel	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02
111	Czech Republic	-0.04	-0.03	-0.04	-0.05	-0.03	-0.02
112	Austria	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0	-0.02
113	Turkmenistan	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.03	-0.03	-0.03
114	Spain	0.02	0.01	0	-0.07	-0.05	-0.03
115	Canada	-0.16	-0.2	-0.16	-0.17	-0.09	-0.04
116	Switzerland	-0.02	-0.02	0.01	0.01	-0.02	-0.05
117	Russia	-0.06	-0.04	-0.07	-0.06	-0.06	-0.06
118	China	-0.06	-0.06	-0.05	-0.04	-0.06	-0.06
119	Norway	0	-0.07	-0.06	-0.04	-0.06	-0.06
120	Paraguay	-0.11	-0.1	-0.07	-0.08	-0.1	-0.1
121	Sweden	-0.09	-0.09	-0.09	-0.11	-0.1	-0.11
122	Laos	-0.08	-0.1	-0.11	-0.13	-0.12	-0.13
123	France	-0.2	-0.15	-0.15	0.05	-0.17	-0.31

Methodology

The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. Net electricity imports represent the difference between electricity imports and exports and are measured in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu) per year. The 2024 figures are from the INTL.2-23 series where listed. Where no value is available, the cell is left empty, while zero values indicate that the reported net balance is zero. The sum of individually listed countries may not equal the reported World total because of differences in coverage, estimates, and rounding. This page focuses specifically on net electricity imports; other electricity indicators are reported separately by the EIA.