Alumina Production by Country

Alumina production by country measures how much alumina each country produces, expressed in thousand metric dry tons. Alumina is the intermediate product of the aluminium industry: bauxite ore is refined into alumina, which is then smelted into aluminium metal, so alumina production measures refining output rather than final metal output. The statistics are based on USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. The table below lists 18 countries with 2024 and 2025 data available for all of them. The United States figures are withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data.

Countries With the Largest Alumina Production in 2025

China produced the most alumina in 2025 with 93,000 thousand metric dry tons, more than five times the second largest producer. Australia ranked second with 17,000, followed by Brazil (11,000), India (8,200), Russia (2,900), United Arab Emirates (2,300), Canada (1,500), Indonesia (1,500), Jamaica (1,500), and Kazakhstan (1,500).

Alumina Production by Country

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#	Country	Latest Data (thousand metric dry tons)	Year
1	China CN	93,000	2025
2	Australia AU	17,000	2025
3	Brazil BR	11,000	2025
4	India IN	8,200	2025
5	Russia RU	2,900	2025
6	United Arab Emirates AE	2,300	2025
7	Saudi Arabia SA	1900	2025
8	Ireland IE	1700	2025
9	Canada CA	1500	2025
10	Indonesia ID	1500	2025
11	Jamaica JM	1500	2025
12	Kazakhstan KZ	1500	2025
13	Vietnam VN	1500	2025
14	Greece GR	850	2025
15	Spain ES	810	2025
16	Germany DE	460	2025
17	Guinea GN	360	2025
18	Türkiye TR	310	2025

Among the 18 countries with available 2025 data, China accounted for about 63 percent of the reported production values, and China and Australia together accounted for about 74 percent. Only China and Australia produced more than 10,000 thousand metric dry tons in 2025.

Alumina Production Around the World

China alone produces nearly two-thirds of the reported output among the listed countries, making it by far the largest producer in this dataset. Australia and Brazil form the second tier of producers, and India, at 8,200 thousand metric dry tons, is the fourth-largest producer. Outside these four countries, every listed producer remains below 3,000 thousand metric dry tons, while China’s production is more than 31 times that level.

The production pattern for alumina differs from the pattern seen in bauxite mining. Guinea, a leading bauxite producer with 150,000 thousand metric dry tons of bauxite output in 2025, refines only 360 thousand metric dry tons of alumina. China, by contrast, refines 93,000 thousand metric dry tons of alumina, which exceeds its reported bauxite mining output of 87,000 thousand metric dry tons in the same year.

In Asia, China (93,000), India (8,200), Indonesia (1,500), Kazakhstan (1,500), and Vietnam (1,500) together account for the bulk of the reported output among the listed countries. In Oceania, Australia (17,000) is a major producer. In Africa, Guinea (360) is a smaller contributor. In the Americas, Brazil (11,000) leads, ahead of Canada (1,500), Jamaica (1,500), and the United States (withheld).

In Europe, Russia (2,900) is the largest producer, ahead of Ireland (1,700), Greece (850), Spain (810), and Germany (460), with Türkiye (310) also listed. In the Middle East, United Arab Emirates (2,300) and Saudi Arabia (1,900) are the main producers.

Alumina Production Structure

Alumina production is much more geographically concentrated than bauxite mining. The largest alumina producer alone accounts for about 63 percent of the reported total, while bauxite output is spread more evenly across Guinea, Australia, China, and Brazil, each producing more than 30 million metric dry tons. Alumina, as an intermediate commodity, is measured here as refinery output rather than final aluminium output.

Largest Changes in Alumina Production, 2024–2025

China recorded the largest increase, rising from 85,500 thousand metric dry tons in 2024 to 93,000 in 2025 (up 7,500). Indonesia rose from 1,200 to 1,500 (up 300), Brazil from 10,600 to 11,000 (up 400), and India from 8,000 to 8,200 (up 200). United Arab Emirates recorded the largest decline, falling from 2,540 to 2,300 (down 240), and Australia eased from 17,100 to 17,000 (down 100).

China's gain of 7,500 thousand metric dry tons explains nearly 90 percent of the net increase in total reported production among the 18 listed countries: the other 17 countries combined moved by only about 900. This is why total reported production grew from 139,886 thousand metric dry tons in 2024 to 148,290 in 2025, an increase of about 6 percent. Kazakhstan (+100), Vietnam (+90), Canada (+40), and Jamaica (+20) recorded modest gains, while Greece (−15) and Ireland (−20) posted slight declines, indicating that reported alumina production among the other listed countries was broadly stable outside China.

Alumina Production by Country

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#	Country	2024	2025
1	China	85,500	93,000
2	Australia	17,100	17,000
3	Brazil	10,600	11,000
4	India	8,000	8,200
5	Russia	2,840	2,900
6	United Arab Emirates	2,540	2,300
7	Saudi Arabia	1870	1900
8	Ireland	1720	1700
9	Canada	1460	1500
10	Indonesia	1200	1500
11	Jamaica	1480	1500
12	Kazakhstan	1400	1500
13	Vietnam	1410	1500
14	Greece	865	850
15	Spain	800	810
16	Germany	450	460
17	Guinea	351	360
18	Türkiye	300	310

Methodology

The statistics are based on USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, with major processing by Our World in Data. Values refer to alumina production, in thousand metric dry tons, as refinery production of alumina. Dry tons refer to material measured without moisture content, making figures comparable across producers. Alumina is measured as refinery output, not bauxite mine production or aluminium metal production. 2025 figures are estimates from the source. The United States figures are withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data.