Fonio Consumption by Country
Gambia held 573 tonnes of listed fonio food supply in 2023, 70.3 percent of an 816-tonne total spread across only 23 reporters with reported values, 3.55 times France at 161 tonnes. Gambia had no reported 2019 value and sits outside the five-year common comparison, which covers 14 reporters totaling 224 tonnes and fell 3.0 percent. The single year fell 4.8 percent as Gambia and Italy declined against France's gain. Gambia also leads per person at 0.58 grams per person per day, the only reporter above a hundredth of a gram.
Gambia leads at 573 tonnes, followed by France at 161 and the United States at 38, with Poland fourth at 17 and the Netherlands fifth at 11 tonnes. Per capita Gambia also leads at 0.58 grams per person per day, followed by France at 0.01 grams, with every other reporter at effectively zero. The FAO dataset lists 29 reporters with fonio values, although only 23 have a reported 2023 quantity. Gambia, France and the United States together hold 94.6 percent of the listed total, yet Gambia has no 2019 baseline and the five-year comparison runs without it. The single-year fall of 4.8 percent rests on Gambia's decline of 48 tonnes and Italy's of 33 against France's gain of 47. Over five years the 14-reporter common total edged down 3.0 percent, with the United States adding 23 tonnes and Italy removing 22. The 2023 table is led by Gambia at 573 tonnes, with France second at 161 and the United States third at 38. Poland and the Netherlands complete the top five at 17 and 11 tonnes, respectively. The top three reporters accounted for 94.6 percent of the listed total, the top five 98.1 percent and the top ten 99.8 percent. All other reporters sit below 6 tonnes. Per capita, Gambia's 0.58 grams per person per day is the only value above a hundredth of a gram. Among the 20 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, the listed food supply decreased from 856 tonnes to 815 tonnes, a decline of 41 tonnes (4.8 percent). The 2022 universe includes 21 reporters with reported values, while the 2023 universe includes 23; Greece, with a fraction of a tonne in 2022, had no reported 2023 value, while Ghana, India and Serbia entered with a combined 1.18 tonnes. Gambia fell 48 tonnes (down 7.7 percent), Italy fell 33 tonnes (down 94.0 percent), Poland fell 11 tonnes (down 39.1 percent), Belgium fell 4 tonnes (down 100.0 percent) and Canada fell 3 tonnes (down 41.1 percent). On the gaining side, France added 47 tonnes (up 41.1 percent), the United States added 8 tonnes (up 26.4 percent) and Switzerland added 5 tonnes from a reported zero. France's rise from 114 to 161 tonnes was the largest absolute annual gain after Gambia's fall. For the 14 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, the listed food supply fell from 230 tonnes to 224 tonnes, a decline of 7 tonnes (3.0 percent). The 2019 universe includes 15 reporters with reported values, while the 2023 universe includes 23; Türkiye, with 1 tonne in 2019, had no reported 2023 value, while nine reporters with a combined 592 tonnes entered, led by Gambia at 573 tonnes. The United States added 23 tonnes (up 163.7 percent), Italy fell 22 tonnes (down 91.5 percent), the Netherlands fell 8 tonnes (down 42.7 percent), Switzerland added 5 tonnes from 0.15 tonnes, France fell 4 tonnes (down 2.2 percent), Kuwait fell 1 tonne (down 100.0 percent) and Gabon fell 1 tonne (down 29.7 percent). The 7-tonne net decline describes only the 14 common reporters; Gambia's 573 tonnes sit outside it entirely. Canada added a fraction of a tonne (up 11.6 percent), the smallest move in the comparison. FAO fonio food supply measures the amount of fonio available for human consumption during the reference period, not the amount actually eaten by consumers. The per-capita value expresses this reported food supply in population terms, showing how much was available per person per day. Gambia records the highest value at 0.58 grams. In 2023, FAO data recorded 816 tonnes of listed fonio food supply across 23 reporters. Gambia had the largest total at 573 tonnes, followed by France at 161 tonnes and the United States at 38 tonnes. Gambia had the highest per-capita food supply at 0.58 grams per person per day. These figures represent fonio available for human consumption, not a direct measurement of how much fonio people actually ate. Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals use FAO Supply Utilization Accounts food supply quantity (Element 5141, tonnes), while the per-capita figures use food supply quantity (Element 665, g/capita/day) for Fonio from 2019 through 2023. The food supply quantity measure represents the quantity available for human consumption during the reference period. It is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten, because food available for human consumption is not the same as actual dietary intake. No percentage change is shown where the base-year value is zero. The reporter universe for this item contains 29 reporters. The tables list reporters only; aggregate rows such as World, regions and China (aggregate) are excluded, while China figures refer to the China reporter. For year-to-year comparisons, only reporters with values in both endpoint years are included in the arithmetic. A zero indicates a displayed value of zero, while an empty cell indicates that no value is available for that reporter and year. Table quantities are shown in tonnes as reported, without additional rounding. The FAO dataset reports food supply quantity in tonnes and in grams per capita per day. The listed total of 816 tonnes is the sum of the 23 reporters with a reported 2023 value; it excludes aggregate rows and reporters without a 2023 value. Source: FAO, FAOSTAT Supply Utilization Accounts, Fonio, food supply quantity (tonnes; g/capita/day), 2019-2023. Compiled by StatsGeo.Fonio Food Supply at a Glance
Key Takeaways
Fonio Consumption
1
573.32
0.58
2
161.32
0.01
3
37.55
0
4
17.33
0
5
10.57
0
6
4.93
0
7
4.41
0
8
2.07
0
9
1.35
0
10
1.3
0
11
1.1
0
12
0.21
0
13
0.2
0
14
0.05
0
15
0.05
0
16
0.03
0
17
0.03
0
18
0.02
0
19
0
0
20
0
0
21
0
0
22
0
0
23
0
0
Gambia Holds 70.3 Percent of an 816-Tonne Table
The Listed Total Fell 4.8 Percent in 2023
The Five-Year Common Total Fell 3.0 Percent
What Does the Fonio Food Supply Measure?
Fonio Consumption by Country
#
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
621.28
0.65
573.32
0.58
2
164.93
0.01
157.36
0.01
324.33
0.01
114.34
0
161.32
0.01
3
14.24
0
47.19
0
31.07
0
29.71
0
37.55
0
4
-
-
0
0
117.06
0.01
28.45
0
17.33
0
5
18.44
0
64.05
0.01
48.61
0.01
12.7
0
10.57
0
6
0.15
0
0.2
0
2.4
0
0
0
4.93
0
7
3.95
0
3.62
0
3.83
0
7.49
0
4.41
0
8
24.33
0
11.34
0
22.56
0
34.74
0
2.07
0
9
1
0
0.24
0
0.07
0
1.75
0
1.35
0
10
1.85
0
0
0
0.95
0
0
0
1.3
0
11
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.1
0
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.01
0
0.21
0
13
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.02
0
0.2
0
14
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.05
0
15
0
0
0
0
0.05
0
0.05
0
0.05
0
16
0.03
0
-
-
0
0
0.02
0
0.03
0
17
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.03
0
18
0.05
0
0.06
0
0.04
0
0.05
0
0.02
0
19
0
0
0.09
0
5.39
0
4.13
0
0
0
20
0.08
0
0
0
-
-
0
0
0
0
21
1.35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.29
0
0
0
23
-
-
0.01
0
0.21
0
0
0
0
0
24
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
0.39
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
-
-
-
-
0.29
0
-
-
-
-
27
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.09
0
-
-
28
-
-
-
-
0.09
0
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
-
-
0.01
0
-
-
-
-
Fonio Consumption by Country: Quick Answer
Methodology
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does Gambia dominate the table but sit outside the five-year comparison?
Gambia recorded 573 tonnes in 2023 with no reported 2019 value, so it cannot appear in the 14-reporter common comparison. That comparison covers only 224 tonnes and fell 3.0 percent, while Gambia alone holds 573 tonnes.
Why did Italy's fonio supply fall 94.0 percent in one year?
Italy reported 34.74 tonnes in 2022 and 2.07 tonnes in 2023. The figures record the fall, but they do not identify what caused it.
Is fonio food supply the same as fonio actually eaten?
No. The FAO food supply quantity measure records food available for human consumption. It does not directly measure how much people actually ate, because food availability and actual dietary intake are not the same.
Data Disclaimer: Projected data (future years) are estimates based on mathematical models. Actual values may differ. Learn about our methodology →
Sources
-
Updated: 02.10.2026https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/SCL
Please log in to leave a comment.
Log in
(0) Comments