Ghee from Cow Milk Consumption by Country

India led the reported food supply of ghee from cow milk in 2023, with 406,795 tonnes, about 59.9 percent of the listed total of 678,816 tonnes. China ranked second at 35,901 tonnes, followed by Bangladesh at 32,263 tonnes. Mongolia had the highest food supply per person, at 6.7 grams per day. These FAO figures measure food available for human consumption, not the amount people actually ate.

Which country had the highest food supply of ghee from cow milk in 2023? India ranked first by total volume, with 406,795 tonnes, while Mongolia ranked first per person at 6.7 grams per day. India accounted for about 59.9 percent of the annual listed total, and the three largest countries by volume, India, China and Bangladesh, accounted for about 70.0 percent.

Nepal ranked fourth by total volume at 21,597 tonnes, followed by Tanzania at 20,308 and the United States at 19,122. Ethiopia, Thailand, Mongolia and Argentina completed the top ten, with reported totals ranging from 8,275 to 17,989 tonnes. The five largest countries accounted for about 76.1 percent of the listed total.

• India increased by 68,943 tonnes from 2022 to 2023, a rise of 20.4 percent.
• The United States rose by 14,282 tonnes, or 295.1 percent, to 19,122 tonnes.
• Malaysia reported 6,109 tonnes in 2023 after reporting zero in 2022; a percentage change cannot be calculated from a zero base.
• Argentina increased by 5,373 tonnes, or 185.1 percent, to 8,275 tonnes.

Ghee from Cow Milk Consumption

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#	Country	2023 (tonnes)2023	2023 (grams per person per day)2023
1	India IN	406.8K	0.78
2	China CN	35.9K	0.07
3	Bangladesh BD	32.26K	0.52
4	Nepal NP	21.6K	1.99
5	Tanzania TZ	20.31K	0.84
6	United States US	19.12K	0.15
7	Ethiopia ET	17.99K	0.38
8	Thailand TH	9.73K	0.37
9	Mongolia MN	8.39K	6.7
10	Argentina AR	8.28K	0.5
11	Saudi Arabia SA	7.52K	0.62
12	Vietnam VN	6.92K	0.19
13	Malaysia MY	6.11K	0.48
14	France FR	5.47K	0.23
15	United Arab Emirates AE	5.44K	1.4
16	Taiwan TW	5.34K	0.63
17	Yemen YE	5.1K	0.35
18	Syria SY	4.65K	0.54
19	Iraq IQ	4.59K	0.33
20	Peru PE	4.2K	0.34
21	Canada CA	4.19K	0.29
22	Egypt EG	3.74K	0.09
23	Serbia RS	3.73K	1.51
24	Australia AU	3.19K	0.33
25	Oman OM	2.79K	1.51
26	Uganda UG	2.23K	0.13
27	South Africa ZA	2.1K	0.09
28	Burkina Faso BF	1.73K	0.21
29	Panama PA	1.71K	1.05
30	Chile CL	1.69K	0.24
31	Netherlands NL	1.66K	0.25
32	Libya LY	1.43K	0.54
33	Greece GR	1.23K	0.33
34	Jordan JO	1.17K	0.28
35	Romania RO	941.67	0.13
36	Lebanon LB	870.35	0.41
37	Kenya KE	709.76	0.04
38	Ukraine UA	696.55	0.05
39	Slovenia SI	575.39	0.74
40	South Korea KR	534.79	0.03
41	Azerbaijan AZ	515.21	0.14
42	Fiji FJ	492.22	1.46
43	Trinidad and Tobago TT	476.32	0.87
44	Guatemala GT	463.34	0.07
45	Türkiye TR	404.11	0.01
46	Croatia HR	356.71	0.25
47	Mauritius MU	293.9	0.63
48	Bhutan BT	287.32	1
49	Israel IL	257.93	0.08
50	El Salvador SV	235.14	0.1
51	Papua New Guinea PG	178.5	0.05
52	Algeria DZ	154.19	0.01
53	Myanmar MM	144.58	0.01
54	Morocco MA	143.91	0.01
55	Maldives MV	127.89	0.67
56	Ivory Coast CI	127.32	0.01
57	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	118.38	0.1
58	Madagascar MG	111.34	0.01
59	Niger NE	110.09	0.01
60	Montenegro ME	108.36	0.47
61	Guyana GY	98.69	0.33
62	Namibia NA	97.01	0.09
63	Seychelles SC	97	2.08
64	Kazakhstan KZ	93.47	0.01
65	Lesotho LS	92.57	0.11
66	Mozambique MZ	88.55	0.01
67	Kyrgyzstan KG	74.13	0.03
68	Zambia ZM	65.5	0.01
69	DR Congo CD	49.68	0
70	Tunisia TN	39.33	0.01
71	Belize BZ	35.95	0.24
72	Angola AO	30.21	0
73	Sri Lanka LK	29.96	0
74	Venezuela VE	28.86	0
75	Nigeria NG	27.63	0
76	Liberia LR	23.01	0.01
77	Georgia GE	22.46	0.02
78	Congo CG	21.19	0.01
79	Tajikistan TJ	16.8	0
80	Senegal SN	15.01	0
81	French Polynesia PF	7.81	0.08
82	Nicaragua NI	7.43	0
83	Antigua and Barbuda AG	6.34	0.19
84	Ecuador EC	5.47	0
85	Laos LA	5.38	0
86	Djibouti DJ	4.23	0.01
87	Albania AL	3.74	0
88	Cambodia KH	3.44	0
89	Guinea GN	3.2	0
90	Marshall Islands MH	3.05	0.21
91	Eswatini SZ	2.9	0.01
92	Paraguay PY	2.28	0
93	Gambia GM	1.93	0
94	Vanuatu VU	1.37	0.01
95	Colombia CO	0.34	0
96	Sierra Leone SL	0.29	0
97	Tonga TO	0.28	0.01
98	Zimbabwe ZW	0.2	0
99	Nauru NR	0.09	0.02
100	Afghanistan AF	0.06	0
101	Kiribati KI	0.06	0
102	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	0.01	0
103	Bolivia BO	0	0
104	Cameroon CM	0	0
105	Ghana GH	0	0
106	Guinea-Bissau GW	0	0
107	Iran IR	0	0
108	Russia RU	0	0
109	Rwanda RW	0	0
110	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	0	0
111	Solomon Islands SB	0	0
112	Timor-Leste TL	0	0
113	Uruguay UY	0	0

Changes from 2022 to 2023

India recorded the largest increase in absolute terms, adding 68,943 tonnes. The United States increased by 14,282 tonnes, while Malaysia rose from a reported zero to 6,109 tonnes. Argentina added 5,373 tonnes and Vietnam increased by 3,313 tonnes. Egypt declined by 4,308 tonnes, France by 3,615 and China by 3,349. Across the 112 countries with reported values in both years, the listed total rose from 589,568 to 678,281 tonnes, an increase of 88,713 tonnes, or about 15.0 percent. South Korea reported 534.79 tonnes in 2023 but had no 2022 value in the supplied table.

Five-Year Changes in Ghee Food Supply

For the 100 countries with reported values in both 2019 and 2023, the listed total rose from 381,435 to 672,135 tonnes, an increase of 290,700 tonnes, or about 76.2 percent. India accounted for most of this growth, adding 249,043 tonnes, a 157.9 percent increase, and contributing about 85.7 percent of the net gain. China added 13,403 tonnes, Argentina 7,520, Nepal 7,315, the United States 6,954 and Thailand 6,587. Russia, by contrast, fell from 9,227 tonnes in 2019 to a reported zero in 2023. Malaysia's five-year percentage change cannot be calculated from its reported zero in 2019.

Ghee Food Supply per Person

Mongolia ranked first in 2023 at 6.7 grams per person per day, more than three times the Seychelles figure of 2.08 grams. Nepal ranked third at 1.99 grams. Oman and Serbia each reported 1.51 grams, followed by Fiji at 1.46 and the United Arab Emirates at 1.40. Panama reported 1.05 grams, Bhutan 1.00 and Trinidad and Tobago 0.87. India led by total volume but ranked below the ten highest countries on the per-person measure, at 0.78 grams per day.

What the Data Measures

The figures cover ghee from cow milk in FAO Supply Utilization Accounts for 2019-2023. Annual totals sum the reporting countries and areas for each year, excluding aggregate rows. Comparisons between years include only countries and areas with reported values at both endpoints. A reported zero is retained as zero, while a blank cell indicates missing data. The figures describe food available for human consumption and should not be interpreted as measurements of actual intake.

Ghee from Cow Milk Consumption by Country

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#	Country	2019 (t)	2019 (g/cap/d)	2020 (t)	2020 (g/cap/d)	2021 (t)	2021 (g/cap/d)	2022 (t)	2022 (g/cap/d)	2023 (t)	2023 (g/cap/d)
1	India	157.75K	0.31	220.2K	0.43	208.97K	0.4	337.85K	0.65	406.8K	0.78
2	China	22.5K	0.04	28.71K	0.06	31.78K	0.06	39.25K	0.08	35.9K	0.07
3	Bangladesh	29.37K	0.49	30.43K	0.5	32.05K	0.52	32.27K	0.52	32.26K	0.52
4	Nepal	14.28K	1.38	16.33K	1.54	18.79K	1.75	19.47K	1.8	21.6K	1.99
5	Tanzania	15.27K	0.71	16.94K	0.76	17.5K	0.76	19.33K	0.82	20.31K	0.84
6	United States	12.17K	0.1	7.12K	0.06	4.36K	0.04	4.84K	0.04	19.12K	0.15
7	Ethiopia	16.55K	0.39	19.92K	0.46	16.41K	0.37	17.63K	0.39	17.99K	0.38
8	Thailand	3.14K	0.12	0	0	10.4K	0.4	11.33K	0.43	9.73K	0.37
9	Mongolia	10.53K	8.92	10.66K	8.87	9.7K	7.96	8.52K	6.9	8.39K	6.7
10	Argentina	755.35	0.05	329.16	0.02	4.36K	0.26	2.9K	0.18	8.28K	0.5
11	Saudi Arabia	13K	1.17	12.74K	1.13	7.48K	0.65	9.15K	0.78	7.52K	0.62
12	Vietnam	11.55K	0.33	7.7K	0.22	9.23K	0.26	3.6K	0.1	6.92K	0.19
13	Malaysia	0	0	7.3K	0.59	8.51K	0.68	0	0	6.11K	0.48
14	France	4.16K	0.17	1.53K	0.06	2.39K	0.1	9.08K	0.38	5.47K	0.23
15	United Arab Emirates	3.46K	1.01	4.06K	1.18	4.98K	1.39	5.79K	1.55	5.44K	1.4
16	Taiwan	5.23K	0.6	4.39K	0.51	5.33K	0.62	4.33K	0.51	5.34K	0.63
17	Yemen	5.28K	0.41	5.16K	0.39	6.05K	0.45	5.6K	0.4	5.1K	0.35
18	Syria	4.81K	0.65	4.7K	0.61	4.57K	0.58	4.23K	0.52	4.65K	0.54
19	Iraq	1.11K	0.09	1.13K	0.09	1.12K	0.08	1.44K	0.1	4.59K	0.33
20	Peru	-	-	9.2K	0.77	5.73K	0.47	5.99K	0.49	4.2K	0.34
21	Canada	1.02K	0.07	1.17K	0.08	4.24K	0.3	3.48K	0.25	4.19K	0.29
22	Egypt	7.78K	0.2	5.99K	0.15	5.6K	0.14	8.05K	0.2	3.74K	0.09
23	Serbia	3.57K	1.4	3.47K	1.38	3.3K	1.32	3.81K	1.54	3.73K	1.51
24	Australia	2.15K	0.23	2.74K	0.29	2.32K	0.24	2.51K	0.26	3.19K	0.33
25	Oman	2.38K	1.42	3.17K	1.92	2.86K	1.74	2.43K	1.41	2.79K	1.51
26	Uganda	849.24	0.05	167.57	0.01	272.2	0.02	527.92	0.03	2.23K	0.13
27	South Africa	666.37	0.03	72.15	0	1.88K	0.08	1.93K	0.08	2.1K	0.09
28	Burkina Faso	1.68K	0.22	1.36K	0.17	1.52K	0.19	1.6K	0.19	1.73K	0.21
29	Panama	1.35K	0.87	1.21K	0.77	2.12K	1.33	1.49K	0.93	1.71K	1.05
30	Chile	-	-	-	-	204.26	0.03	317.78	0.04	1.69K	0.24
31	Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.57K	0.24	1.66K	0.25
32	Libya	263.67	0.1	731.26	0.28	1.17K	0.45	572.28	0.22	1.43K	0.54
33	Greece	1.16K	0.3	993.75	0.25	1.31K	0.34	1.08K	0.28	1.23K	0.33
34	Jordan	1.42K	0.36	678.27	0.17	944.69	0.23	1.03K	0.25	1.17K	0.28
35	Romania	688.54	0.1	843.37	0.12	441.56	0.06	415.08	0.06	941.67	0.13
36	Lebanon	1.33K	0.63	306.06	0.15	553.62	0.27	892.82	0.43	870.35	0.41
37	Kenya	612.28	0.03	610.87	0.03	697.25	0.04	713.58	0.04	709.76	0.04
38	Ukraine	503.67	0.03	1.2K	0.07	1.77K	0.11	34.82	0	696.55	0.05
39	Slovenia	326.91	0.43	349.27	0.46	437.2	0.57	474.2	0.61	575.39	0.74
40	South Korea	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	534.79	0.03
41	Azerbaijan	941.47	0.26	1.3K	0.35	1.01K	0.27	1.01K	0.27	515.21	0.14
42	Fiji	340.92	1.02	265.95	0.8	361.66	1.08	461.16	1.37	492.22	1.46
43	Trinidad and Tobago	230.78	0.43	526.33	0.97	444.77	0.82	516.57	0.95	476.32	0.87
44	Guatemala	313.82	0.05	348.28	0.05	346.61	0.05	602.46	0.09	463.34	0.07
45	Türkiye	7.32	0	111.06	0	31.44	0	0	0	404.11	0.01
46	Croatia	125.34	0.09	123.28	0.09	500	0.35	400	0.28	356.71	0.25
47	Mauritius	408.38	0.87	351.78	0.75	381.03	0.82	388.35	0.83	293.9	0.63
48	Bhutan	262.59	0.94	215.73	0.77	253.02	0.89	259.82	0.91	287.32	1
49	Israel	528.42	0.17	658.92	0.21	476.79	0.15	514.55	0.15	257.93	0.08
50	El Salvador	90.73	0.04	98.92	0.04	64.98	0.03	287.15	0.13	235.14	0.1
51	Papua New Guinea	7.18	0	2.5	0	0	0	398.33	0.11	178.5	0.05
52	Algeria	5.5K	0.35	6K	0.37	353	0.02	1.39K	0.08	154.19	0.01
53	Myanmar	228.46	0.01	248.38	0.01	118.49	0.01	98.36	0.01	144.58	0.01
54	Morocco	11.13	0	291.74	0.02	151.23	0.01	625.77	0.05	143.91	0.01
55	Maldives	114.37	0.64	17.05	0.09	78.24	0.42	113.14	0.59	127.89	0.67
56	Ivory Coast	141.12	0.01	210.36	0.02	212.68	0.02	200.84	0.02	127.32	0.01
57	Bosnia and Herzegovina	26.58	0.02	0	0	64.45	0.05	213.15	0.18	118.38	0.1
58	Madagascar	246.74	0.02	126.78	0.01	165.58	0.02	133.08	0.01	111.34	0.01
59	Niger	-	-	2.77	0	2.13	0	0.07	0	110.09	0.01
60	Montenegro	112.89	0.51	91.72	0.41	154.3	0.7	123.76	0.55	108.36	0.47
61	Guyana	149.26	0.51	93.93	0.32	143.84	0.48	140.92	0.47	98.69	0.33
62	Namibia	605.09	0.63	308.72	0.31	313.06	0.31	154.3	0.15	97.01	0.09
63	Seychelles	0.01	0	0	-	55	1.23	89	1.94	97	2.08
64	Kazakhstan	202.78	0.03	27.19	0	396.41	0.06	475.48	0.07	93.47	0.01
65	Lesotho	44.59	0.06	53.38	0.07	328.23	0.4	159.8	0.19	92.57	0.11
66	Mozambique	66.69	0.01	69.05	0.01	60.97	0.01	108.21	0.01	88.55	0.01
67	Kyrgyzstan	-	-	-	-	310	0.12	0	0	74.13	0.03
68	Zambia	15.46	0	10.16	0	16.2	0	10.81	0	65.5	0.01
69	DR Congo	30.09	0	0	0	0	0	47.71	0	49.68	0
70	Tunisia	306.07	0.07	0	0	40.1	0.01	89.23	0.02	39.33	0.01
71	Belize	0	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	35.95	0.24
72	Angola	-	-	130	0.01	250.72	0.02	324.31	0.02	30.21	0
73	Sri Lanka	139.05	0.02	62.95	0.01	34.51	0	11.24	0	29.96	0
74	Venezuela	0	0	93	0.01	68.2	0.01	0.02	0	28.86	0
75	Nigeria	-	-	1.09K	0.01	601.9	0.01	128.98	0	27.63	0
76	Liberia	3.62	0	6.23	0	8.62	0	5.22	0	23.01	0.01
77	Georgia	4.4	0	0	0	17.65	0.01	4.35	0	22.46	0.02
78	Congo	1.06	0	11.15	0.01	22.61	0.01	10.28	0	21.19	0.01
79	Tajikistan	1.16	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	16.8	0
80	Senegal	4.28	0	16.82	0	102.19	0.02	110.35	0.02	15.01	0
81	French Polynesia	1.84	0.02	61.61	0.6	59.34	0.58	14.19	0.14	7.81	0.08
82	Nicaragua	2.9	0	1.78	0	2.68	0	8.11	0	7.43	0
83	Antigua and Barbuda	3	0.09	0.02	0	1.57	0.05	1.95	0.06	6.34	0.19
84	Ecuador	10.8	0	7.35	0	0	0	0	0	5.47	0
85	Laos	-	-	0.06	0	0	0	20.14	0.01	5.38	0
86	Djibouti	0.04	0	0.15	0	1.77	0	29.17	0.07	4.23	0.01
87	Albania	13.3	0.01	0	0	0	0	15.38	0.01	3.74	0
88	Cambodia	398.76	0.07	687.78	0.11	711.52	0.11	845.44	0.13	3.44	0
89	Guinea	2.21	0	1.23	0	2.3	0	3.44	0	3.2	0
90	Marshall Islands	0.08	0	0.24	0.02	0.26	0.02	0.39	0.03	3.05	0.21
91	Eswatini	6.62	0.02	4.78	0.01	3.65	0.01	2.21	0	2.9	0.01
92	Paraguay	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.3	0	2.28	0
93	Gambia	68.75	0.08	36.05	0.04	67.48	0.07	3.94	0	1.93	0
94	Vanuatu	0.35	0	0.84	0.01	0.23	0	0.17	0	1.37	0.01
95	Colombia	0.01	0	0.07	0	0	0	0.73	0	0.34	0
96	Sierra Leone	0.1	0	0.09	0	0.39	0	0.61	0	0.29	0
97	Tonga	0.23	0.01	0.2	0.01	0.59	0.02	0.14	0	0.28	0.01
98	Zimbabwe	0.37	0	0	0	111.96	0.02	54.48	0.01	0.2	0
99	Nauru	-	-	0.05	0.01	0.08	0.02	0.05	0.01	0.09	0.02
100	Afghanistan	-	-	0	0	0.06	0	0.02	0	0.06	0
101	Kiribati	0.06	0	0.2	0	1.82	0.04	3.03	0.06	0.06	0
102	Saint Kitts and Nevis	-	-	0	0	0.01	0	0	0	0.01	0
103	Bolivia	0	0	0.95	0	0.08	0	0	0	0	0
104	Cameroon	0.68	0	10.34	0	34.9	0	0	0	0	0
105	Ghana	1.28K	0.11	1.34K	0.12	1.34K	0.11	1K	0.08	0	0
106	Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0	0	0.03	0	0	0	0	0
107	Iran	0	0	0	0	33.86	0	93.01	0	0	0
108	Russia	9.23K	0.17	12.93K	0.24	7.96K	0.15	2.14K	0.04	0	0
109	Rwanda	2.59	0	0.27	0	1.41	0	0	0	0	0
110	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	-	-	0.01	0	0	0	0.02	0	0	0
111	Solomon Islands	0	0	0.02	0	0	0	0.01	0	0	0
112	Timor-Leste	0	0	0	0	0.67	0	1.68	0	0	0
113	Uruguay	554.06	0.45	578.84	0.47	582.83	0.47	234.57	0.19	0	0
114	Mauritania	17.99	0.01	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
115	Bahamas	41.04	0.28	3.53	0.02	8.09	0.06	-	-	-	-
116	Grenada	0.13	0	0	0	-	-	-	-	-	-
117	Kuwait	1.11K	0.69	0	0	0	0	-	-	-	-

Methodology

FAO Supply Utilization Accounts provide food supply quantity in tonnes under element 5141 and food supply quantity in grams per person per day under element 665. This page covers ghee from cow milk from 2019 through 2023. The dataset includes 117 countries and areas after aggregate rows are excluded, of which 113 have reported values for 2023. Annual totals include countries and areas with reported values for the relevant year; year-to-year comparisons use only those with values in both years. Percentage changes use the earlier year's value as the base and are not calculated when that value is zero. Reported zeros are retained, while blank cells indicate missing data. These figures measure food available for human consumption, not the amount actually eaten.