Graphite Reserves by Country

The country that led the graphite table through 2022 now ranks ninth. Figures are drawn from eight editions of the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (2019-2026) and cover estimated quantities that can be economically extracted. 17 countries appear in the table; 15 have reported 2025 values, and the listed 2025 total stands at 298,100,000 metric tons. USGS reports a world reserve total of 310,000,000 metric tons, rounded in the source.

China (100,000,000 metric tons) leads Brazil (74,000,000) by 26,000,000 — a gap nearly as large as third-ranked Madagascar's entire 27,000,000. Mozambique (25,000,000) and Tanzania (18,000,000) follow, with the top five holding more than four-fifths of the listed total.

Graphite Reserves by Country

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#	Country	Latest Data (metric tons)	Year
1	China CN	100,000,000	2025
2	Brazil BR	74,000,000	2025
3	Madagascar MG	27,000,000	2025
4	Mozambique MZ	25,000,000	2025
5	Tanzania TZ	18,000,000	2025
6	Russia RU	14,000,000	2025
7	Vietnam VN	9,700,000	2025
8	India IN	8,600,000	2025
9	Uzbekistan UZ	7,600,000	2022
10	Türkiye TR	6,900,000	2025
11	Canada CA	5,900,000	2025
12	Mexico MX	3,100,000	2025
13	North Korea KP	2,000,000	2025
14	South Korea KR	1,800,000	2025
15	Sri Lanka LK	1,500,000	2025
16	Norway NO	600,000	2025
17	Zimbabwe ZW	200	2019

The top two outweigh the other thirteen combined: 174,000,000 against 124,100,000.

From first to ninth

Türkiye reported 90,000,000 metric tons from 2018 through 2022, then 6,900,000 for 2023 — a reduction of 83,100,000 (-92.3%) that dropped it from the lead to ninth place in a single step. The figure has held at 6,900,000 ever since, below India's 8,600,000 and Vietnam's 9,700,000.

China's climb back

China reported 73,000,000 metric tons from 2018 through 2021, dipped to 52,000,000 in 2022, then rose through 78,000,000 and 81,000,000 to 100,000,000 in 2025. The 2025 addition of 19,000,000 (+23.5%) was the only movement anywhere in the table that year — fourteen of fifteen reported values did not change.

The long-running estimates

Mexico (3,100,000), North Korea (2,000,000) and Norway (600,000) reported the same reserve figure throughout the 2018–2025 series; Brazil has held 74,000,000 since 2022. Uzbekistan reported 7,600,000 from 2020 through 2022 and nothing since, while Russia (14,000,000) and Canada (5,900,000) first appeared in 2022 and 2023. Beneath the two headline moves, most of the table rests on estimates that have barely changed in years.

Graphite Reserves by Country

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#	Country	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
1	Türkiye	90,000,000	90,000,000	90,000,000	90,000,000	90,000,000	6,900,000	6,900,000	6,900,000
2	China	73,000,000	73,000,000	73,000,000	73,000,000	52,000,000	78,000,000	81,000,000	100,000,000
3	Brazil	72,000,000	72,000,000	70,000,000	70,000,000	74,000,000	74,000,000	74,000,000	74,000,000
4	Mozambique	17,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000
5	Tanzania	17,000,000	18,000,000	17,000,000	18,000,000	18,000,000	18,000,000	18,000,000	18,000,000
6	Russia	-	-	-	-	14,000,000	14,000,000	14,000,000	14,000,000
7	India	8,000,000	8,000,000	8,000,000	8,000,000	8,000,000	8,600,000	8,600,000	8,600,000
8	Vietnam	7,600,000	7,600,000	-	-	-	-	9,700,000	9,700,000
9	Uzbekistan	-	-	7,600,000	7,600,000	7,600,000	-	-	-
10	Canada	-	-	-	-	-	5,700,000	5,900,000	5,900,000
11	Mexico	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000	3,100,000
12	North Korea	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000	2,000,000
13	South Korea	-	-	-	-	1,800,000	1,800,000	1,800,000	1,800,000
14	Madagascar	1,600,000	1,600,000	26,000,000	26,000,000	26,000,000	24,000,000	27,000,000	27,000,000
15	Sri Lanka	-	-	1,500,000	1,500,000	1,500,000	1,500,000	1,500,000	1,500,000
16	Norway	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000
17	Zimbabwe	4,000	200	-	-	-	-	-	-

Methodology

Figures come from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019-2026, with 2025 values estimated. Units are metric tons, exactly as reported. Empty means the source reported no value; 0 means the source reports zero. The source’s world total, where published, may be rounded, approximate, a lower bound, or a textual estimate, so shares are computed against the sum of the listed countries. Reserves and production are different measures and should not be combined without equalizing units.