Palm Oil Consumption by Country

In 2023, Indonesia had the largest listed palm oil food supply among 119 reporters, at 3,334 thousand tonnes, while the United Arab Emirates had the highest per-capita figure at 15.09 kilograms per person per year. The 2023 listed total was 22,554 thousand tonnes, with China second at 2,694 thousand tonnes and Nigeria third at 2,186 thousand tonnes. The series spans 2019 through 2023, although some reporters have missing values in individual years.

Indonesia leads the 2023 ranking at 3,334 thousand tonnes, only 1.24 times China at 2,694 thousand tonnes. The United Arab Emirates tops the per-capita ranking at 15.09 kilograms per person per year from 161 thousand tonnes, ahead of Honduras at 14.09 kilograms.

Palm Oil Food Supply at a Glance

• Indonesia had the largest listed palm oil food supply in 2023 at 3,334 thousand tonnes.
• China ranked second at 2,694 thousand tonnes, followed by Nigeria at 2,186 thousand tonnes.
• The United Arab Emirates had the highest per-capita food supply at 15.09 kilograms per person per year.
• The 2023 listed total was 22,554 thousand tonnes across 119 reporters with reported values.
• Among 114 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, listed palm oil food supply increased by 2,294 thousand tonnes, or 11.3 percent.
• The FAO Food element measures food available for human consumption and is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten.

Key Takeaways

In 2023, Indonesia led listed palm oil food supply at 3,334 thousand tonnes, with China second at 2,694 thousand tonnes and Nigeria third at 2,186 thousand tonnes. Pakistan followed at 2,150 thousand tonnes and India at 1,917 thousand tonnes. The United Arab Emirates' 15.09 kilograms per person per year lead the per-capita ranking, followed by Honduras at 14.09 kilograms.

Between 2022 and 2023, listed supply across the 119 reporters with data in both years rose from 21,523 thousand tonnes to 22,554 thousand tonnes, a gain of 1,031 thousand tonnes (4.8 percent), with China adding 319 thousand tonnes and Yemen more than tripling from 113 to 373 thousand tonnes. Since 2019, the common-reporter total has grown 11.3 percent, as Indonesia more than doubled while China fell by more than a fifth. These figures represent food available for human consumption in the FAO Food Balances and should not be interpreted as the amount of palm oil actually eaten.

Palm Oil Consumption

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#	Country	2023 (thousand tonnes)2023	2023 (kg per person per year)2023
1	Indonesia ID	3.33K	11.85
2	China CN	2.69K	1.89
3	Nigeria NG	2.19K	9.59
4	Pakistan PK	2.15K	8.69
5	India IN	1.92K	1.33
6	Brazil BR	812	3.85
7	Philippines PH	650	5.66
8	Bangladesh BD	601	3.51
9	Türkiye TR	514	5.89
10	Colombia CO	483	9.23
11	Mexico MX	471	3.63
12	South Africa ZA	426	6.74
13	Yemen YE	373	9.47
14	Ethiopia ET	370	2.88
15	Saudi Arabia SA	370	11.12
16	DR Congo CD	323	3.06
17	Thailand TH	262	3.66
18	Afghanistan AF	255	6.15
19	South Korea KR	251	4.86
20	Uganda UG	248	5.09
21	Malaysia MY	210	5.98
22	Ivory Coast CI	204	6.55
23	Ecuador EC	198	11.01
24	Angola AO	188	5.12
25	Cameroon CM	185	6.52
26	United Arab Emirates AE	161	15.09
27	Tanzania TZ	154	2.32
28	Honduras HN	150	14.09
29	Italy IT	130	2.18
30	Mozambique MZ	125	3.73
31	Peru PE	124	3.67
32	Niger NE	111	4.25
33	Taiwan TW	96	4.11
34	Guinea GN	95	6.56
35	Rwanda RW	93	6.66
36	Kenya KE	87	1.57
37	Venezuela VE	86	3.04
38	Vietnam VN	86	0.86
39	Iraq IQ	80	2.07
40	Papua New Guinea PG	78	7.49
41	Guatemala GT	69	3.82
42	Burkina Faso BF	66	2.88
43	Australia AU	57	2.16
44	Ghana GH	57	1.69
45	Senegal SN	56	3.11
46	Congo CG	54	8.74
47	Liberia LR	51	9.33
48	Myanmar MM	50	0.92
49	Kazakhstan KZ	45	2.21
50	Dominican Republic DO	43	3.84
51	Cambodia KH	41	2.34
52	Nepal NP	41	1.38
53	Haiti HT	37	3.15
54	Zambia ZM	37	1.77
55	Mauritania MR	35	6.97
56	Jordan JO	34	2.95
57	Madagascar MG	34	1.09
58	Nicaragua NI	33	4.9
59	Costa Rica CR	28	5.48
60	Israel IL	28	3.02
61	Tunisia TN	27	2.17
62	Sierra Leone SL	26	3.04
63	Oman OM	24	4.75
64	Zimbabwe ZW	23	1.38
65	Netherlands NL	21	1.17
66	Romania RO	18	0.92
67	Algeria DZ	17	0.36
68	Kuwait KW	17	3.61
69	Malawi MW	17	0.79
70	Bahrain BH	14	8.93
71	Panama PA	14	3.1
72	Timor-Leste TL	14	9.87
73	France FR	13	0.19
74	Djibouti DJ	12	10.41
75	Trinidad and Tobago TT	9	5.85
76	Gabon GA	8	3.13
77	Gambia GM	5	1.78
78	Guinea-Bissau GW	5	2.12
79	Laos LA	5	0.65
80	Mongolia MN	5	1.45
81	Comoros KM	4	4.91
82	Paraguay PY	4	0.56
83	Sri Lanka LK	4	0.17
84	Syria SY	4	0.15
85	Solomon Islands SB	3	3.12
86	Eswatini SZ	2	1.63
87	Qatar QA	2	0.5
88	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	1	0.22
89	Cape Verde CV	1	1.4
90	Lesotho LS	1	0.33
91	Mauritius MU	1	0.56
92	Moldova MD	1	0.31
93	Namibia NA	1	0.21
94	Samoa WS	1	3.95
95	Sao Tome and Principe ST	1	5.99
96	Suriname SR	1	1.77
97	Vanuatu VU	1	3.4
98	Bahamas BS	0	0
99	Barbados BB	0	0.29
100	Belize BZ	0	0.08
101	Bhutan BT	0	0.54
102	Botswana BW	0	0.2
103	French Polynesia PF	0	0
104	Grenada GD	0	2.32
105	Guyana GY	0	0.11
106	Hong Kong HK	0	0
107	Kiribati KI	0	0.38
108	Luxembourg LU	0	0.06
109	Macau MO	0	0.54
110	Malta MT	0	0.88
111	Marshall Islands MH	0	1.03
112	Micronesia FM	0	3.09
113	Nauru NR	0	2.52
114	New Caledonia NC	0	0.36
115	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	0	0
116	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	0	1.12
117	Tajikistan TJ	0	0
118	Tonga TO	0	1.28
119	Tuvalu TV	0	3.1

Palm Oil Consumption by Country in 2023

Indonesia holds 3,334 thousand tonnes, or 14.8 percent of the 22,554-thousand-tonne listed total. China follows at 2,694 thousand tonnes (11.9 percent) and Nigeria at 2,186 thousand tonnes (9.7 percent), with Pakistan fourth at 2,150 thousand tonnes and India fifth at 1,917 thousand tonnes.

The top three reporters account for 36.4 percent of the listed total, while the top five account for 54.5 percent and the top ten account for 68.0 percent. Five reporters exceed 1,900 thousand tonnes, the deepest bench of large reporters in the series.

China Adds 319 Thousand Tonnes as Supply Grows 4.8 Percent Between 2022 and 2023

Among the 119 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, the listed food supply increased from 21,523 thousand tonnes to 22,554 thousand tonnes, a gain of 1,031 thousand tonnes (4.8 percent). The 2022 and 2023 listed totals come from the same 119 reporters, with no reporter entering or leaving the comparison. China added 319 thousand tonnes (up 13.4 percent), Yemen added 260 thousand tonnes (up 230.1 percent), Pakistan added 150 thousand tonnes (up 7.5 percent), Indonesia added 68 thousand tonnes (up 2.1 percent), Ivory Coast added 64 thousand tonnes (up 45.7 percent) and South Korea added 55 thousand tonnes (up 28.1 percent), while Italy fell 95 thousand tonnes (down 42.2 percent) and Ethiopia fell 62 thousand tonnes (down 14.4 percent).

Indonesia Doubles as China Falls a Fifth Since 2019

For the 114 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, the listed food supply rose from 20,258 thousand tonnes to 22,552 thousand tonnes, a gain of 2,294 thousand tonnes (11.3 percent). The 2019 total includes 115 reporters with reported values, while the 2023 total includes 119; Cuba, with 6 thousand tonnes in 2019, had no reported 2023 value, while Belize, French Polynesia, Hong Kong, Moldova and Namibia entered with a combined 2 thousand tonnes. Indonesia added 1,687 thousand tonnes (up 102.4 percent), the Philippines added 352 thousand tonnes (up 118.1 percent), Nigeria added 293 thousand tonnes (up 15.5 percent), Brazil added 282 thousand tonnes (up 53.2 percent), South Africa added 226 thousand tonnes (up 113.0 percent), Yemen added 188 thousand tonnes (up 101.6 percent) and Ethiopia added 176 thousand tonnes (up 90.7 percent), while China fell 746 thousand tonnes (down 21.7 percent).

The two giants moved in opposite directions: Indonesia doubled from 1,647 to 3,334 thousand tonnes while China fell from 3,440 to 2,694 thousand tonnes, reversing their 2019 order. Indonesia contributes 73.5 percent of the five-year net increase. Per capita, the United Arab Emirates' 15.09 kilograms from 161 thousand tonnes lead Honduras at 14.09 kilograms, while Indonesia, first by total, records 11.85 kilograms.

What Does Palm Oil Consumption Measure?

For FAO Food Balances, the palm oil figure used here covers palm oil recorded under the Food element as available for human consumption. It represents food available for human consumption during the reference year, rather than a direct estimate of how much palm oil people actually consumed. Palm oil allocated to other uses sits outside this Food element.

The per-capita figure expresses the same food supply on a population basis, in kilograms per person per year. A country's total quantity and per-capita value therefore answer different questions: total quantity shows the size of the listed food supply, while the per-capita measure adjusts it for population.

Palm Oil Consumption by Country

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#	Country	2019 (1000 t)	2019 (kg/cap/yr)	2020 (1000 t)	2020 (kg/cap/yr)	2021 (1000 t)	2021 (kg/cap/yr)	2022 (1000 t)	2022 (kg/cap/yr)	2023 (1000 t)	2023 (kg/cap/yr)
1	Indonesia	1.65K	6.05	3K	10.92	3.2K	11.56	3.27K	11.71	3.33K	11.85
2	China	3.44K	2.42	3.06K	2.15	3.2K	2.25	2.38K	1.67	2.69K	1.89
3	Nigeria	1.89K	9.04	2.05K	9.59	2.11K	9.64	2.22K	9.94	2.19K	9.59
4	Pakistan	2.3K	9.97	2.2K	9.36	2.3K	9.6	2K	8.21	2.15K	8.69
5	India	2.08K	1.5	1.45K	1.03	1.63K	1.15	1.86K	1.31	1.92K	1.33
6	Brazil	530	2.55	773	3.7	896	4.27	845	4.02	812	3.85
7	Philippines	298	2.69	206	1.84	560	4.95	600	5.26	650	5.66
8	Bangladesh	570	3.46	491	2.95	517	3.08	562	3.32	601	3.51
9	Türkiye	477	5.59	464	5.38	472	5.44	556	6.39	514	5.89
10	Colombia	425	8.52	390	7.7	420	8.21	468	9.05	483	9.23
11	Mexico	425	3.38	430	3.39	455	3.57	460	3.58	471	3.63
12	South Africa	200	3.36	247	4.08	300	4.88	431	6.9	426	6.74
13	Yemen	185	5.28	200	5.53	178	4.79	113	2.96	373	9.47
14	Ethiopia	194	1.68	360	3.02	499	4.09	432	3.44	370	2.88
15	Saudi Arabia	385	12.64	351	11.34	370	11.81	380	11.81	370	11.12
16	DR Congo	393	4.23	389	4.06	337	3.39	329	3.21	323	3.06
17	Thailand	274	3.83	246	3.44	247	3.44	261	3.64	262	3.66
18	Afghanistan	170	4.48	159	4.07	187	4.68	230	5.67	255	6.15
19	South Korea	214	4.13	250	4.82	219	4.22	196	3.79	251	4.86
20	Uganda	282	6.55	314	7.05	260	5.67	221	4.67	248	5.09
21	Malaysia	190	5.68	190	5.61	195	5.69	185	5.34	210	5.98
22	Ivory Coast	196	6.95	167	5.78	182	6.13	140	4.61	204	6.55
23	Ecuador	134	7.73	159	9.04	208	11.76	186	10.41	198	11.01
24	Angola	221	6.81	207	6.19	184	5.32	183	5.13	188	5.12
25	Cameroon	133	5.21	161	6.13	151	5.61	164	5.92	185	6.52
26	United Arab Emirates	143	15.24	117	12.33	120	12.23	150	14.6	161	15.09
27	Tanzania	214	3.62	231	3.79	231	3.68	157	2.43	154	2.32
28	Honduras	143	14.38	146	14.43	151	14.67	150	14.34	150	14.09
29	Italy	230	3.83	212	3.53	219	3.66	225	3.77	130	2.18
30	Mozambique	125	4.18	101	3.28	120	3.78	145	4.44	125	3.73
31	Peru	111	3.41	111	3.38	128	3.85	116	3.48	124	3.67
32	Niger	74	3.2	83	3.5	117	4.77	80	3.15	111	4.25
33	Taiwan	96	4.07	97	4.11	93	3.97	96	4.1	96	4.11
34	Guinea	103	7.92	87	6.53	75	5.45	77	5.49	95	6.56
35	Rwanda	52	4.05	6	0.44	70	5.25	83	6.07	93	6.66
36	Kenya	93	1.81	77	1.47	83	1.56	84	1.55	87	1.57
37	Venezuela	103	3.56	104	3.64	92	3.27	96	3.41	86	3.04
38	Vietnam	100	1.03	0	0	68	0.69	51	0.51	86	0.86
39	Iraq	146	4.14	146	4.04	126	3.41	119	3.14	80	2.07
40	Papua New Guinea	52	5.38	71	7.22	78	7.81	81	7.95	78	7.49
41	Guatemala	32	1.87	33	1.9	40	2.26	40	2.27	69	3.82
42	Burkina Faso	33	1.57	34	1.57	25	1.13	43	1.89	66	2.88
43	Australia	81	3.19	59	2.29	49	1.88	52	1.99	57	2.16
44	Ghana	71	2.26	72	2.25	71	2.19	75	2.26	57	1.69
45	Senegal	78	4.77	82	4.88	74	4.31	63	3.56	56	3.11
46	Congo	45	7.95	50	8.73	48	8.16	43	7.16	54	8.74
47	Liberia	48	9.6	32	6.28	35	6.64	44	8.25	51	9.33
48	Myanmar	55	1.05	52	0.97	51	0.95	50	0.92	50	0.92
49	Kazakhstan	39	2.05	47	2.41	53	2.68	30	1.5	45	2.21
50	Dominican Republic	31	2.83	35	3.13	33	2.98	41	3.63	43	3.84
51	Cambodia	36	2.19	45	2.66	44	2.58	40	2.34	41	2.34
52	Nepal	26	0.92	37	1.27	51	1.74	48	1.61	41	1.38
53	Haiti	40	3.6	42	3.7	40	3.52	38	3.3	37	3.15
54	Zambia	36	1.95	36	1.87	52	2.64	38	1.9	37	1.77
55	Mauritania	14	3.13	17	3.66	18	3.78	24	4.96	35	6.97
56	Jordan	39	3.66	26	2.39	34	3.05	29	2.62	34	2.95
57	Madagascar	35	1.22	43	1.5	29	0.97	34	1.11	34	1.09
58	Nicaragua	30	4.61	31	4.74	28	4.16	32	4.74	33	4.9
59	Costa Rica	26	5.27	26	5.08	26	5.14	35	6.89	28	5.48
60	Israel	40	4.62	24	2.73	24	2.73	28	3.08	28	3.02
61	Tunisia	31	2.61	30	2.51	30	2.51	42	3.49	27	2.17
62	Sierra Leone	61	7.84	38	4.77	33	4.05	18	2.14	26	3.04
63	Oman	30	6.58	28	6.26	23	5.1	24	5.07	24	4.75
64	Zimbabwe	6	0.43	12	0.75	17	1.11	19	1.21	23	1.38
65	Netherlands	20	1.15	20	1.16	21	1.16	21	1.17	21	1.17
66	Romania	22	1.13	21	1.08	21	1.1	21	1.11	18	0.92
67	Algeria	16	0.36	16	0.37	16	0.36	17	0.37	17	0.36
68	Kuwait	13	2.88	10	2.23	14	3.21	17	3.76	17	3.61
69	Malawi	18	0.94	30	1.52	12	0.62	11	0.56	17	0.79
70	Bahrain	8	5.07	6	4.28	8	5.6	13	8.17	14	8.93
71	Panama	14	3.25	12	2.71	6	1.43	1	0.23	14	3.1
72	Timor-Leste	13	9.84	12	9.01	12	8.88	12	9.05	14	9.87
73	France	30	0.45	30	0.46	30	0.46	30	0.46	13	0.19
74	Djibouti	10	9.5	10	9.46	10	8.7	11	9.67	12	10.41
75	Trinidad and Tobago	5	3.44	5	3.44	6	4.29	8	5.27	9	5.85
76	Gabon	5	2.11	3	1.48	6	2.4	8	3.13	8	3.13
77	Gambia	6	2.36	4	1.59	5	1.75	5	1.81	5	1.78
78	Guinea-Bissau	6	2.86	4	2.14	4	1.88	4	1.75	5	2.12
79	Laos	9	1.22	5	0.62	3	0.45	5	0.64	5	0.65
80	Mongolia	4	1.38	4	1.19	5	1.53	6	1.7	5	1.45
81	Comoros	4	4.94	4	4.83	4	5.09	4	4.42	4	4.91
82	Paraguay	4	0.62	4	0.6	4	0.59	4	0.56	4	0.56
83	Sri Lanka	27	1.21	21	0.93	13	0.59	4	0.17	4	0.17
84	Syria	3	0.13	2	0.11	3	0.15	4	0.17	4	0.15
85	Solomon Islands	2	2.47	2	2.82	2	3.15	2	3.17	3	3.12
86	Eswatini	0	0.24	1	1.06	2	1.39	2	1.98	2	1.63
87	Qatar	1	0.51	1	0.5	1	0.52	1	0.45	2	0.5
88	Bosnia and Herzegovina	6	1.82	5	1.61	5	1.52	1	0.43	1	0.22
89	Cape Verde	0	0.25	0	0.19	0	0.19	0	0.31	1	1.4
90	Lesotho	0	0.07	1	0.29	1	0.32	0	0.21	1	0.33
91	Mauritius	1	0.46	1	0.78	0	0.31	1	0.44	1	0.56
92	Moldova	-	-	-	-	0	0.12	1	0.31	1	0.31
93	Namibia	-	-	0	0.15	0	0.12	0	0.14	1	0.21
94	Samoa	0	0.08	0	0.57	0	0.84	1	5.27	1	3.95
95	Sao Tome and Principe	1	2.43	0	1.89	0	2.13	1	3.48	1	5.99
96	Suriname	0	0.66	1	1.02	1	1	1	1.46	1	1.77
97	Vanuatu	1	4.14	1	4.02	1	4.41	1	4.15	1	3.4
98	Bahamas	0	0.01	0	0.05	0	0.04	0	0	0	0
99	Barbados	0	0.18	0	0.28	0	0.28	0	0.29	0	0.29
100	Belize	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0.08	0	0.08
101	Bhutan	2	2.53	0	0.13	0	0.12	0	0.42	0	0.54
102	Botswana	1	0.24	0	0.15	1	0.59	1	0.24	0	0.2
103	French Polynesia	-	-	0	0	0	0	0	0.08	0	0
104	Grenada	0	2.66	0	2.38	0	2.02	0	0.6	0	2.32
105	Guyana	0	0.09	0	0.1	0	0.1	0	0.11	0	0.11
106	Hong Kong	-	-	3	0.34	1	0.19	0	0	0	0
107	Kiribati	0	0.48	0	0.04	0	0	0	0.46	0	0.38
108	Luxembourg	0	0.1	0	0.05	0	0.07	0	0.08	0	0.06
109	Macau	0	0.69	0	0.49	0	0.51	0	0.54	0	0.54
110	Malta	0	0.6	0	0.92	0	0.68	0	0.77	0	0.88
111	Marshall Islands	0	0.43	0	1.08	0	1.04	0	1.25	0	1.03
112	Micronesia	0	2.66	0	2.5	0	2.35	0	2.68	0	3.09
113	Nauru	0	2.18	0	1.69	0	1.62	0	1.67	0	2.52
114	New Caledonia	0	0.23	0	0.19	0	0.18	0	0.11	0	0.36
115	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	0	0	0.37	0	0.02	0	0	0	0
116	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0.1	0	0.93	0	0.37	0	0.49	0	1.12
117	Tajikistan	1	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
118	Tonga	0	1.42	0	1.42	0	1.42	0	1.9	0	1.28
119	Tuvalu	0	3	0	1.88	0	1.8	0	1.5	0	3.1
120	Cuba	6	0.5	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Palm Oil Consumption by Country: Quick Answer

In 2023, Indonesia had the largest listed palm oil food supply among the 119 reporters with reported values, at 3,334 thousand tonnes. China ranked second at 2,694 thousand tonnes, while Nigeria ranked third at 2,186 thousand tonnes. The United Arab Emirates had the highest per-capita palm oil food supply at 15.09 kilograms per person per year. These FAO Food Balances figures represent food available for human consumption, not a direct measurement of palm oil actually eaten.

Methodology

Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals use FAO Food Balances food quantity (Element 5142, thousand tonnes), while the per-capita figures use food supply quantity (Element 645, kg/capita/year) for Palm oil from 2019 through 2023. The Food element represents the quantity available for human consumption during the reference period. It is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten, as food can be lost or wasted before it is consumed.

The reporter universe for this item contains 120 reporters. The tables list reporters only; aggregate rows such as World, regions and China (aggregate) are excluded, while China figures refer to the China reporter. For year-to-year comparisons, only reporters with values in both endpoint years are included in the arithmetic. A zero indicates a displayed value of zero, while an empty cell indicates that no value is available for that reporter and year.

Quantities of 1,000 thousand tonnes and above are shown as whole numbers; smaller quantities retain up to two decimals. FAO Food Balances primarily use official national statistics, with some data also estimated or imputed where applicable. The FAO dataset reports the Food element in thousand tonnes and food supply quantity in kilograms per capita per year. The 2023 listed total of 22,554 thousand tonnes is the sum of the 119 reporters with a reported 2023 value; it excludes aggregate rows and reporters without a 2023 value.