Pot Barley Consumption by Country

Ethiopia held 1,604,452 tonnes of listed pot barley food supply in 2023, 41.7 percent of a 3,849,994-tonne total, only 1.24 times China at 1,289,309 tonnes. The 2022–2023 total rose 19.7 percent, driven mainly by increases in China and Ethiopia, while the five-year comparison rose only 5.3 percent as Algeria's fall of 190,395 tonnes and Poland's of 77,053 absorbed most of China's gain of 346,471. North Macedonia leads per person at 65.75 grams per person per day.

Ethiopia leads at 1,604,452 tonnes, followed by China at 1,289,309 and Algeria at 294,397, with Russia fourth at 169,695 and Uzbekistan fifth at 81,031. Per capita North Macedonia leads at 65.75 grams per person per day, followed by Finland at 34.94 and Ethiopia at 34.16 grams. China, second by total, records 2.48 grams per person per day.

Pot Barley Food Supply at a Glance

• Ethiopia had the largest listed pot barley food supply in 2023 at 1,604,452 tonnes.
• China ranked second at 1,289,309 tonnes, followed by Algeria at 294,397 tonnes.
• North Macedonia had the highest per-capita food supply at 65.75 grams per person per day.
• The listed total was 3,849,994 tonnes across 56 reporters with reported values.
• Among 49 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, listed pot barley food supply increased by 192,161 tonnes, or 5.3 percent.
• The FAO food supply quantity measure represents food available for human consumption and is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten.

Key Takeaways

The FAO dataset lists 61 reporters with pot barley values, although only 56 have a reported 2023 quantity. Ethiopia and China together hold 75.2 percent of the listed total, and the top five hold 89.3 percent.

China accounted for most of the increase in both comparison periods, adding 441,338 tonnes in the single year and 346,471 over five years. Algeria moved the opposite way over five years, falling 190,395 tonnes, while Germany fell 63.8 percent in the single year and Finland rose more than four-fold over five years.

Pot Barley Consumption

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#	Country	2023 (tonnes)2023	2023 (grams per person per day)2023
1	Ethiopia ET	1.6M	34.16
2	China CN	1.29M	2.48
3	Algeria DZ	294.4K	17.47
4	Russia RU	169.7K	3.2
5	Uzbekistan UZ	81.03K	6.23
6	Finland FI	71.43K	34.94
7	Libya LY	45K	16.88
8	North Macedonia MK	43.96K	65.75
9	Poland PL	38.64K	2.73
10	Tajikistan TJ	33.35K	8.79
11	Germany DE	24.91K	0.81
12	Belarus BY	23.14K	6.96
13	Azerbaijan AZ	18.88K	5.01
14	Yemen YE	16.75K	1.16
15	Ukraine UA	15.25K	1.11
16	Georgia GE	14.45K	10.4
17	Kazakhstan KZ	14.29K	1.93
18	Latvia LV	11.95K	17.39
19	Lithuania LT	8.21K	7.88
20	Switzerland CH	5.64K	1.74
21	Belgium BE	5.26K	1.23
22	Moldova MD	4.71K	5.02
23	Slovenia SI	3.5K	4.53
24	Slovakia SK	2.62K	1.3
25	Estonia EE	1.98K	3.97
26	Hungary HU	1.66K	0.47
27	Austria AT	1.16K	0.35
28	Croatia HR	1.12K	0.79
29	Mauritania MR	1.1K	0.6
30	Albania AL	765.96	0.75
31	Ireland IE	383.23	0.2
32	Greece GR	293.33	0.08
33	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	161.82	0.14
34	Lesotho LS	161.44	0.19
35	Czech Republic CZ	156.88	0.04
36	Bulgaria BG	145.2	0.06
37	Egypt EG	25.58	0
38	Montenegro ME	16.97	0.07
39	Armenia AM	11.55	0.01
40	Chile CL	7.08	0
41	Myanmar MM	2.47	0
42	Ecuador EC	2	0
43	Luxembourg LU	0.22	0
44	Bangladesh BD	0.09	0
45	Timor-Leste TL	0.02	0
46	Afghanistan AF	0	0
47	DR Congo CD	0	0
48	Gabon GA	0	0
49	Guinea GN	0	0
50	Guinea-Bissau GW	0	0
51	Iran IR	0	0
52	Iraq IQ	0	0
53	Mexico MX	0	0
54	Nigeria NG	0	0
55	Saudi Arabia SA	0	0
56	Thailand TH	0	0

Ethiopia and China Dominate the 2023 Pot Barley Total

Ethiopia accounts for 41.7 percent of the 2023 total, with China contributing another 33.5 percent. Algeria follows at 294,397 tonnes, while Russia and Uzbekistan complete the top five.

The top three reporters accounted for 82.8 percent of the listed total, the top five 89.3 percent and the top ten 95.4 percent. Per capita, North Macedonia's 65.75 grams per person per day from 43,963 tonnes lead Finland at 34.94 grams, while China, second by total, records 2.48 grams.

The Listed Total Rose 19.7 Percent in 2023

Among the 55 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, the listed food supply increased from 3,217,183 tonnes to 3,849,987 tonnes, a gain of 632,803 tonnes (19.7 percent). The 2022 common total and the 2023 common total cover the same 55 reporters; the full 2023 listed total of 3,849,994 adds 7.08 tonnes from Chile, which had no 2022 value, and no reporter left. China added 441,338 tonnes (up 52.0 percent), Ethiopia added 195,274 tonnes (up 13.9 percent), Uzbekistan added 23,378 tonnes (up 40.5 percent), Algeria added 23,054 tonnes (up 8.5 percent) and North Macedonia added 9,845 tonnes (up 28.9 percent), while Germany fell 43,819 tonnes (down 63.8 percent), Azerbaijan fell 13,960 tonnes (down 42.5 percent) and Poland fell 12,511 tonnes (down 24.5 percent).

China and Ethiopia together added 636,612 tonnes against a net increase of 632,803, so the remaining reporters effectively offset a small part of it. Germany's fall from 68,731 to 24,912 tonnes reversed its 2022 spike, when it had climbed from 14,724 tonnes in 2019.

The Five-Year Common Total Rose 5.3 Percent

For the 49 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, the listed food supply rose from 3,657,823 tonnes to 3,849,984 tonnes, a gain of 192,161 tonnes (5.3 percent). The 2019 universe includes 53 reporters with reported values, while the 2023 universe includes 56; four reporters with a combined 39 tonnes left the comparison, while seven reporters with a combined 10 tonnes entered. China added 346,471 tonnes (up 36.7 percent), Finland added 54,184 tonnes (up 314.1 percent), Russia added 49,143 tonnes (up 40.8 percent) and Uzbekistan added 27,753 tonnes (up 52.1 percent), while Algeria fell 190,395 tonnes (down 39.3 percent), Poland fell 77,053 tonnes (down 66.6 percent), Ukraine fell 31,193 tonnes (down 67.2 percent) and Ethiopia fell 29,494 tonnes (down 1.8 percent).

China's 346,471-tonne increase was larger than the 192,161-tonne net gain because Algeria's and Poland's declines offset much of it. Finland's rise from 17,248 to 71,432 tonnes and Algeria's fall from 484,792 to 294,397 show the two largest opposing moves after China.

What Does the Pot Barley Food Supply Measure?

This article covers the FAO item Pot barley rather than the broader barley category. Other barley products are therefore not included in this specific figure.

The per-capita value expresses the reported food supply in population terms, showing how much was available per person per day. North Macedonia records the highest value at 65.75 grams, while Ethiopia is the highest among the largest-volume reporters at 34.16 grams.

Pot Barley Consumption by Country

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#	Country	2019 (t)	2019 (g/cap/d)	2020 (t)	2020 (g/cap/d)	2021 (t)	2021 (g/cap/d)	2022 (t)	2022 (g/cap/d)	2023 (t)	2023 (g/cap/d)
1	Ethiopia	1.63M	38.68	1.43M	32.87	1.3M	29.12	1.41M	30.79	1.6M	34.16
2	China	942.84K	1.81	1.4M	2.68	2.63M	5.05	847.97K	1.63	1.29M	2.48
3	Algeria	484.79K	30.68	423.41K	26.34	371.91K	22.76	271.34K	16.35	294.4K	17.47
4	Russia	120.55K	2.25	189.4K	3.55	137.25K	2.58	164.34K	3.09	169.7K	3.2
5	Uzbekistan	53.28K	4.43	59.77K	4.88	41.51K	3.32	57.65K	4.52	81.03K	6.23
6	Finland	17.25K	8.56	50.88K	25.21	71.48K	35.34	78.06K	38.4	71.43K	34.94
7	Libya	30K	11.82	40K	15.55	45K	17.28	40K	15.17	45K	16.88
8	North Macedonia	33.35K	48.15	38.1K	55.76	35.49K	52.53	34.12K	50.79	43.96K	65.75
9	Poland	115.7K	8.29	103.38K	7.42	59.33K	4.27	51.16K	3.65	38.64K	2.73
10	Tajikistan	21.06K	6.05	23.76K	6.68	50.21K	13.8	23.92K	6.44	33.35K	8.79
11	Germany	14.72K	0.48	14.03K	0.46	59.87K	1.96	68.73K	2.24	24.91K	0.81
12	Belarus	7K	2.03	21.45K	6.28	28.17K	8.34	24.97K	7.46	23.14K	6.96
13	Azerbaijan	0	0	-	-	33.01K	8.84	32.84K	8.74	18.88K	5.01
14	Yemen	16.38K	1.28	12.6K	0.96	21K	1.55	17.11K	1.23	16.75K	1.16
15	Ukraine	46.44K	2.83	26.7K	1.64	14.69K	0.91	15.69K	1.05	15.25K	1.11
16	Georgia	2.95K	2.13	3.83K	2.77	11.27K	8.15	11.61K	8.38	14.45K	10.4
17	Kazakhstan	32.68K	4.66	54.73K	7.7	32.56K	4.52	12.34K	1.69	14.29K	1.93
18	Latvia	19.06K	27.28	15.57K	22.43	11.13K	16.17	12.26K	17.85	11.95K	17.39
19	Lithuania	9.76K	9.56	10.19K	9.98	7.15K	7.01	9.05K	8.8	8.21K	7.88
20	Switzerland	6.63K	2.12	6.41K	2.03	6.36K	2	7.36K	2.29	5.64K	1.74
21	Belgium	6.24K	1.49	5.77K	1.37	6.23K	1.47	6K	1.41	5.26K	1.23
22	Moldova	5.17K	5.42	4.49K	4.79	5.29K	5.74	4.96K	5.35	4.71K	5.02
23	Slovenia	3.63K	4.77	3.8K	4.95	3.85K	4.99	3.72K	4.82	3.5K	4.53
24	Slovakia	3.87K	1.95	3.64K	1.83	2.88K	1.45	3.13K	1.57	2.62K	1.3
25	Estonia	2.07K	4.27	2.72K	5.59	2.21K	4.55	2.67K	5.41	1.98K	3.97
26	Hungary	1.14K	0.32	838.46	0.24	1.86K	0.52	1.75K	0.5	1.66K	0.47
27	Austria	3.47K	1.07	1.67K	0.51	1.56K	0.48	1.1K	0.33	1.16K	0.35
28	Croatia	1.31K	0.9	1.42K	0.98	629.28	0.44	1.19K	0.83	1.12K	0.79
29	Mauritania	993.18	0.61	933.78	0.56	957.34	0.55	1.13K	0.63	1.1K	0.6
30	Albania	373.89	0.36	508.65	0.49	550.61	0.53	598.31	0.58	765.96	0.75
31	Ireland	18.13K	10.07	12.66K	6.96	470.33	0.26	413.45	0.22	383.23	0.2
32	Greece	248.32	0.06	246.12	0.06	441.37	0.11	273.02	0.07	293.33	0.08
33	Bosnia and Herzegovina	777.2	0.64	841.85	0.7	845.31	0.71	161.39	0.14	161.82	0.14
34	Lesotho	275.19	0.34	276.61	0.34	163.09	0.2	167.86	0.2	161.44	0.19
35	Czech Republic	649.64	0.17	346.55	0.09	0	0	0	0	156.88	0.04
36	Bulgaria	326.04	0.13	40.69	0.02	108.81	0.04	157.95	0.06	145.2	0.06
37	Egypt	497.83	0.01	15.57	0	16.45	0	16.49	0	25.58	0
38	Montenegro	17.58	0.08	19.16	0.09	18.63	0.08	13.42	0.06	16.97	0.07
39	Armenia	35.7	0.03	5.75	0.01	0.39	0	23.91	0.02	11.55	0.01
40	Chile	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.08	0
41	Myanmar	-	-	38.26	0	28.48	0	1.7	0	2.47	0
42	Ecuador	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0
43	Luxembourg	-	-	-	-	0.01	0	0.25	0	0.22	0
44	Bangladesh	-	-	0	0	-	-	0	0	0.09	0
45	Timor-Leste	0.47	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0.02	0
46	Afghanistan	0.81	0	0.19	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
47	DR Congo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.72	0	0	0
48	Gabon	0.03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
49	Guinea	0.03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
50	Guinea-Bissau	0.03	0	0.08	0	0.03	0	0	0	0	0
51	Iran	-	-	-	-	-	-	15.73	0	0	0
52	Iraq	10.87	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
53	Mexico	211.56	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54	Nigeria	1.01	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
55	Saudi Arabia	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.08	0	0	0
56	Thailand	-	-	315.49K	12.07	0	0	0	0	0	0
57	Maldives	0	0	5.04	0.03	-	-	-	-	-	-
58	Panama	3	0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
59	Costa Rica	36.28	0.02	21.62	0.01	1.29	0	-	-	-	-
60	Liberia	0.09	0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
61	Papua New Guinea	-	-	0.01	0	-	-	-	-	-	-

Pot Barley Consumption by Country: Quick Answer

In 2023, FAO Supply Utilization Accounts recorded 3,849,994 tonnes of listed pot barley food supply across 56 reporters. Ethiopia had the largest total at 1,604,452 tonnes, followed by China at 1,289,309 tonnes and Algeria at 294,397 tonnes. North Macedonia had the highest per-capita food supply at 65.75 grams per person per day. These figures represent food available for human consumption rather than a direct measure of how much pot barley people actually ate.

Methodology

Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals use FAO Supply Utilization Accounts food supply quantity (Element 5141, tonnes), while the per-capita figures use food supply quantity (Element 665, g/capita/day) for Pot barley from 2019 through 2023. The food supply quantity measure represents the quantity available for human consumption during the reference period. It is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten, because food available for human consumption is not the same as actual dietary intake. No percentage change is shown where the base-year value is zero.

The reporter universe for this item contains 61 reporters. The tables list reporters only; aggregate rows such as World, regions and China (aggregate) are excluded, while China figures refer to the China reporter. For year-to-year comparisons, only reporters with values in both endpoint years are included in the arithmetic. A zero indicates a displayed value of zero, while an empty cell indicates that no value is available for that reporter and year.

Table quantities are shown in tonnes as reported, without additional rounding. The FAO dataset reports food supply quantity in tonnes and in grams per capita per day. The listed total of 3,849,994 tonnes is the sum of the 56 reporters with a reported 2023 value; it excludes aggregate rows and reporters without a 2023 value.