Vanadium Reserves by Country
Five of the six vanadium countries changed their reported reserves in 2025. The figures come from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019-2026 and represent estimated quantities that can be economically extracted. Reserves are a stock measure rather than the amount mined in a given year. Listed reserves totalled 21,464 thousand metric tons in 2025.
Australia (10,000 thousand metric tons) leads China (5,800), with the pair holding about 73.6% of the listed total between them. Russia (5,000) is third, and the top three hold about 96.9% — the bottom three share barely three percent. Australia and China supplied 3,200 thousand metric tons of the 3,269-thousand-ton net increase in listed reserves from 2024 to 2025 — about 97.9% of the gain. China added 1,700 (+41.5%), South Africa 90 (+20.9%), Australia 1,500 (+17.6%), the United States 5 (+11.1%), while Brazil slipped 26 (-21.7%). Only Russia's 5,000 stood still. Australia rose from 2,100 thousand metric tons in 2018 to 10,000 in 2025 — nearly a fivefold increase, with gains in five of the seven year-to-year intervals. China held 9,500 for five years before dropping to 4,400 in 2023, a 53.7% decline, then recovering to 4,100 in 2024 and 5,800 in 2025. The two countries followed very different paths to the top of the 2025 ranking. Russia reported 5,000 thousand metric tons in every year from 2018 through 2025, making it the only unchanged series in the table. Brazil and the United States remained below 100 thousand metric tons in 2025, while South Africa stood at 520. That leaves a sharp divide between the three largest holders and the three smaller ones. Figures come from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019-2026, with 2025 values estimated. Units are thousand metric tons, exactly as reported. Empty means the source reported no value; 0 means the source reports zero. The source publishes no world total for reserves, so shares are computed against the sum of the listed countries. Reserves and production are different measures and should not be combined without equalizing units.
Vanadium Reserves by Country
Year
1
10,000
2025
2
5,800
2025
3
5,000
2025
4
520
2025
5
94
2025
6
50
2025
China and Australia drove the 2025 increase
Australia climbs, China halves and heals
Russia stayed at 5,000 throughout
Vanadium Reserves by Country
#
1
9,500
9,500
9,500
9,500
9,500
4,400
4,100
5,800
2
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
3
2,100
4,000
4,000
6,000
7,400
8,500
8,500
10,000
4
500
500
500
500
500
750
430
520
5
130
120
120
120
120
120
120
94
6
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
50
Methodology
Frequently Asked Questions
What are vanadium reserves?
Vanadium reserves are estimated quantities of vanadium that can be economically extracted under applicable conditions, in thousand metric tons. Production measures the amount mined in a year.
Which countries hold the most vanadium reserves?
Australia (10,000 thousand metric tons), China (5,800) and Russia (5,000) reported the largest 2025 values.
How did vanadium reserves change in 2025?
China (+41.5%), South Africa (+20.9%), Australia (+17.6%) and the United States (+11.1%) all gained, while Brazil fell (-21.7%); only Russia held still. The table reports the 2025 estimates.
Who is smallest?
The United States at 50 thousand metric tons in 2025, below Brazil at 94.
Data Disclaimer: Projected data (future years) are estimates based on mathematical models. Actual values may differ. Learn about our methodology →
Sources
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Updated: 13.09.2026https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/mineral-commodity-summaries
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