Watermelons Production by Country 2025

Watermelons dominate summer refreshment with China producing 63.8 million tonnes in 2023, projected to reach 63.1 million tonnes by 2025. Global harvest totaled 104.9 million tonnes in 2023, up 1.8% from 2022, spanning 126 countries from tropical to temperate zones. India contributes 3.6 million tonnes, Turkey adds 3.1 million tonnes, and Algeria produces 2.5 million tonnes. This African native, cultivated for 5,000+ years, contains 92% water making it nature's hydration champion, while providing lycopene, vitamins A and C, and natural sugars. Watermelons serve 95% fresh consumption with minimal processing, creating seasonal market dynamics and challenging logistics due to size, weight, and perishability.

🏆 China's Melon Dominance

China produces 63.8 million tonnes in 2023, accounting for 61% of global output, concentrated in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, and Xinjiang provinces. Chinese watermelon cultivation combines traditional field production with greenhouse technology enabling year-round supply. Seedless varieties dominate urban markets, while seeded types remain popular in rural areas. China consumes virtually all production domestically—per capita consumption exceeds 45 kg annually, highest globally. Summer demand peaks drive prices from $0.15/kg (harvest glut) to $0.50/kg (off-season). Grafting onto disease-resistant rootstocks (often bottle gourd) extends production seasons and improves yields. However, transportation challenges—watermelons average 5-10 kg—create regional price variations. Processing remains minimal despite occasional watermelon juice and rind pickle production.

Watermelons Production by Country 2025

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#	Country	2025 (est.) (Tonne)
1	China CN	63,144,382
2	India IN	3,456,200
3	Türkiye TR	3,286,139
4	Algeria DZ	2,291,018
5	Brazil BR	1,899,284
6	Russia RU	1,755,448
7	United States US	1,648,713
8	Senegal SN	1,516,506
9	Uzbekistan UZ	1,459,926
10	Pakistan PK	1,459,179
11	Kazakhstan KZ	1,398,123
12	Iran IR	1,340,929
13	Mexico MX	1,306,383
14	Vietnam VN	1,244,248
15	Spain ES	1,210,418
16	Egypt EG	986,720
17	Afghanistan AF	926,393
18	Tajikistan TJ	816,048
19	Italy IT	702,433
20	Dominican Republic DO	695,063
21	Saudi Arabia SA	612,662
22	Turkmenistan TM	587,603
23	Morocco MA	577,066
24	South Korea KR	473,733
25	Tunisia TN	471,576
26	Greece GR	424,662
27	Kenya KE	416,026
28	Mali ML	413,656
29	Indonesia ID	397,251
30	Azerbaijan AZ	360,640
31	Japan JP	310,234
32	Iraq IQ	304,070
33	Syria SY	290,360
34	Albania AL	271,905
35	Ukraine UA	249,222
36	Libya LY	236,791
37	Colombia CO	221,518
38	Kyrgyzstan KG	196,660
39	Yemen YE	185,227
40	Niger NE	180,031
41	Romania RO	177,783
42	Venezuela VE	174,936
43	Sudan SD	173,528
44	Australia AU	171,891
45	Thailand TH	165,361
46	Serbia RS	164,571
47	Zimbabwe ZW	151,730
48	Guatemala GT	147,984
49	Laos LA	147,852
50	Taiwan TW	140,752
51	Peru PE	139,684
52	Philippines PH	129,924
53	Malaysia MY	127,196
54	Argentina AR	125,686
55	North Macedonia MK	124,687
56	Armenia AM	122,058
57	Paraguay PY	118,965
58	Hungary HU	117,562
59	Israel IL	107,523
60	Jordan JO	106,782
61	Tanzania TZ	96,348
62	Cameroon CM	95,268
63	North Korea KP	91,994
64	Bulgaria BG	85,527
65	Ecuador EC	76,997
66	Honduras HN	68,283
67	South Africa ZA	67,241
68	Bolivia BO	60,736
69	Costa Rica CR	60,075
70	Lebanon LB	58,791
71	Chile CL	49,338
72	Georgia GE	48,160
73	Oman OM	44,280
74	El Salvador SV	41,760
75	Cuba CU	39,412
76	Canada CA	35,601
77	Guyana GY	32,771
78	Moldova MD	30,915
79	Portugal PT	28,744
80	Croatia HR	24,662
81	France FR	23,720
82	Panama PA	21,806
83	Palestine PS	19,350
84	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	18,210
85	Jamaica JM	18,148
86	Botswana BW	17,640
87	Montenegro ME	17,367
88	Cyprus CY	13,158
89	Uruguay UY	11,202
90	Fiji FJ	7,074
91	Puerto Rico PR	6,611
92	Somalia SO	6,358
93	Poland PL	4,400
94	Slovakia SK	3,897
95	Namibia NA	3,568
96	Malta MT	3,427
97	Malawi MW	3,051
98	United Arab Emirates AE	2,582
99	Mauritania MR	2,535
100	New Zealand NZ	2,413
101	Belize BZ	2,392
102	Austria AT	2,202
103	Suriname SR	1,369
104	French Polynesia PF	1,358
105	Grenada GD	1,257
106	Czech Republic CZ	1,245
107	Solomon Islands SB	1,058
108	Cape Verde CV	986
109	Kuwait KW	832
110	Bahrain BH	770
111	Qatar QA	750
112	Slovenia SI	630
113	New Caledonia NC	541
114	Trinidad and Tobago TT	539
115	Saint Lucia LC	469
116	Tonga TO	444
117	Brunei BN	319
118	Dominica DM	279
119	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	140
120	Antigua and Barbuda AG	110
121	Bhutan BT	82
122	Djibouti DJ	71
123	Cook Islands CK	65

🌍 Global Production

India produces 3.6 million tonnes with rapid growth, cultivating watermelons across diverse climates from Punjab to Tamil Nadu. Turkey contributes 3.1 million tonnes, Algeria 2.5 million tonnes, and Brazil 1.8 million tonnes. Russia produces 1.8 million tonnes despite cool climate through greenhouse and southern region cultivation. USA contributes 1.7 million tonnes, concentrated in Texas, Florida, Georgia, and California, with seedless varieties dominating retail markets. Uzbekistan produces 1.6 million tonnes, Pakistan 1.5 million tonnes, and Senegal 1.5 million tonnes. Kazakhstan contributes 1.4 million tonnes, Mexico 1.4 million tonnes, and Iran 1.4 million tonnes. These producers serve primarily domestic markets—only 2-3% of global production enters international trade due to perishability and transportation costs. Spain, Italy, and Greece combine for 2.4 million tonnes, supplying European markets during summer months.

🍉 Varieties and Characteristics

Seedless watermelons (triploid hybrids) dominate developed markets—easier eating, consistent quality, though requiring pollinator plants. Seeded varieties (diploid) remain popular in developing countries and offer superior flavor according to enthusiasts. Mini/personal watermelons (2-4 kg) suit small households and refrigerator storage. Yellow/orange flesh varieties provide novelty though red remains dominant. Square/shaped watermelons (Japanese innovation) command premium prices as novelties. Grafting onto cucurbit rootstocks improves disease resistance, extends seasons, and increases yields 20-30%. Varieties classified by maturity (70-90 days), size (mini to giant), flesh color, and seed type. Sugar content (Brix) ranges 10-13%, with sweeter varieties preferred in most markets.

💧 Hydration Champion

Watermelons contain 92% water, providing exceptional hydration—one cup delivers 150ml water plus nutrients. They offer lycopene (more than tomatoes when ripe), vitamins A and C, potassium, and amino acid citrulline (may improve exercise performance and reduce muscle soreness). Low calorie (30 per 100g) with natural sugars providing quick energy. The rind is edible—pickled, stir-fried, or juiced in some cultures—containing citrulline and fiber. However, high water content means low nutrient density compared to other fruits. Culinary uses span fresh eating, fruit salads, juices, smoothies, sorbets, and grilling. Watermelon rind pickles popular in Southern USA and parts of Asia. Seeds roasted as snacks in Middle East and China.

🌱 Warm-Season Cultivation

Watermelons demand heat—thriving at 25-30°C with 70-90 day growing season. Frost-sensitive vines require warm soil (18°C+) for germination. Plants need full sun, well-drained sandy loam, and consistent moisture (25-50mm weekly). Spacing 2-3 meters between plants accommodates sprawling vines. Pollination requires bees—poor pollination causes misshapen fruit. Major diseases include fusarium wilt, anthracnose, and gummy stem blight. Pests include aphids, cucumber beetles, and fruit flies. Grafting onto resistant rootstocks addresses soil-borne diseases. Plastic mulch warms soil, conserves moisture, and reduces weeds. Drip irrigation optimizes water use. Harvest timing critical—underripe fruit lacks sweetness, overripe fruit becomes mealy. Field signs include tendril drying, ground spot yellowing, and hollow sound when thumped.

📊 Market Dynamics

Watermelon prices fluctuate dramatically—$100-400/tonne depending on season, quality, and location. Peak summer supply crashes prices while off-season greenhouse production commands premiums. Size affects pricing—too small or too large reduces value. Seedless varieties fetch 20-30% premiums over seeded. Transportation costs significant—watermelons' 90%+ water content means shipping mostly water. International trade minimal (2-3% of production) due to perishability, weight, and low value-to-weight ratio. Major exporters include Spain, Mexico, and Central American countries supplying northern markets. Retail trends favor pre-cut watermelon despite 50-100% price premiums—convenience outweighs cost for time-pressed consumers. Climate change brings irregular rainfall and heat stress affecting fruit quality. Labor-intensive harvesting (manual picking, sorting, loading) increases costs.

🔮 Future Outlook

Global watermelon production projected to grow 2-3% annually through 2030, driven by population growth, urbanization, and health consciousness. Seedless varieties continue displacing seeded types in developed markets. Mini watermelons gain popularity for small households and convenience. Greenhouse production expands enabling year-round supply in temperate regions. Breeding programs develop disease-resistant, heat-tolerant, and higher-sugar varieties. Grafting technology adoption increases in Asia and developing countries. Value-added products—watermelon juice, freeze-dried snacks, rind products—create processing opportunities. However, watermelons face challenges from perishability limiting trade, transportation costs from size/weight, and climate change affecting yields. The fruit's hydration benefits, refreshing taste, and summer association ensure continued popularity, though production must overcome logistics challenges while meeting demand for convenience formats and year-round availability in this ancient African crop's modern global journey.

Watermelons Production by Country 2025

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#	Country	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2025 (est.)
1	China	61,536,900	60,861,241	62,343,600	61,634,000	63,023,100	63,821,304	63,144,382
2	India	2,520,000	2,495,000	3,157,000	3,254,000	3,308,000	3,626,000	3,456,200
3	Türkiye	4,031,174	3,870,515	3,491,554	3,468,717	3,394,783	3,147,921	3,286,139
4	Algeria	2,095,757	2,206,866	2,286,809	2,075,874	2,074,243	2,507,140	2,291,018
5	Brazil	2,244,001	2,292,141	2,183,918	2,141,970	1,933,015	1,781,971	1,899,284
6	Russia	1,969,954	1,785,277	1,584,310	1,898,824	1,635,405	1,770,123	1,755,448
7	United States	1,771,051	1,638,104	1,561,787	1,605,491	1,620,935	1,682,669	1,648,713
8	Senegal	1,172,772	1,190,481	1,677,476	1,611,188	1,492,625	1,492,962	1,516,506
9	Uzbekistan	1,836,959	1,232,460	1,254,443	1,210,213	1,439,370	1,572,144	1,459,926
10	Pakistan	540,209	1,657,847	1,924,998	1,218,685	1,539,243	1,507,339	1,459,179
11	Kazakhstan	1,248,613	1,340,993	1,259,696	1,383,474	1,345,871	1,435,333	1,398,123
12	Iran	1,460,302	1,718,505	1,653,845	1,410,517	1,251,415	1,366,802	1,340,929
13	Mexico	1,472,459	1,345,705	1,362,393	1,194,033	1,177,070	1,428,910	1,306,383
14	Vietnam	1,200,104	1,363,972	1,456,088	1,212,139	1,208,449	1,278,571	1,244,248
15	Spain	1,092,400	1,200,090	1,234,850	1,382,280	1,164,990	1,168,930	1,210,418
16	Egypt	1,431,919	1,401,300	1,129,000	931,914	1,000,423	1,000,421	986,720
17	Afghanistan	342,447	846,990	990,318	935,859	891,291	943,668	926,393
18	Tajikistan	641,784	701,262	752,713	776,747	805,237	838,255	816,048
19	Italy	581,560	650,420	651,860	648,190	656,700	751,570	702,433
20	Dominican Republic	369,380	425,172	430,549	441,672	641,629	828,480	695,063
21	Saudi Arabia	634,491	687,718	522,226	624,110	605,000	612,680	612,662
22	Turkmenistan	289,198	404,419	526,946	532,182	581,272	613,569	587,603
23	Morocco	742,375	674,833	677,345	824,103	602,950	462,720	577,066
24	South Korea	476,634	475,815	466,529	489,029	487,167	459,554	473,733
25	Tunisia	529,000	491,000	450,000	531,000	450,000	460,752	471,576
26	Greece	630,120	344,950	430,550	479,000	435,440	396,460	424,662
27	Kenya	188,792	333,565	381,496	349,630	337,500	489,700	416,026
28	Mali	396,641	551,194	594,283	403,587	416,173	416,173	413,656
29	Indonesia	481,727	523,335	560,317	414,242	367,816	408,115	397,251
30	Azerbaijan	307,276	350,282	358,535	363,013	375,087	351,023	360,640
31	Japan	320,600	324,200	310,900	319,600	315,900	303,088	310,234
32	Iraq	291,230	337,946	420,477	377,973	440,149	192,862	304,070
33	Syria	190,993	216,522	328,325	436,877	348,711	196,743	290,360
34	Albania	239,533	259,697	248,724	270,944	256,798	281,354	271,905
35	Ukraine	396,870	441,670	400,070	400,060	204,500	215,720	249,222
36	Libya	232,280	232,800	219,374	233,870	245,977	232,448	236,791
37	Colombia	159,027	248,247	227,513	232,546	219,647	218,230	221,518
38	Kyrgyzstan	218,096	220,160	233,532	193,784	194,816	198,917	196,660
39	Yemen	164,627	141,283	143,534	203,138	191,646	174,211	185,227
40	Niger	49,698	78,964	161,842	207,280	189,588	163,398	180,031
41	Romania	521,800	462,710	259,490	300,000	145,610	148,200	177,783
42	Venezuela	95,951	184,151	156,629	168,507	171,696	179,451	174,936
43	Sudan	172,867	173,489	173,785	173,380	173,551	173,572	173,528
44	Australia	175,433	169,902	171,969	172,434	171,435	171,946	171,891
45	Thailand	163,636	160,000	160,000	160,999	166,267	166,561	165,361
46	Serbia	199,419	163,483	141,258	145,089	183,578	160,959	164,571
47	Zimbabwe	0	92,975	185,112	139,000	162,100	150,600	151,730
48	Guatemala	134,000	131,794	132,000	160,000	163,762	133,711	147,984
49	Laos	198,160	143,500	146,469	128,076	145,440	157,209	147,852
50	Taiwan	220,846	176,004	163,501	151,190	136,632	139,050	140,752
51	Peru	101,331	127,538	116,108	129,135	112,747	160,065	139,684
52	Philippines	150,524	143,477	148,462	135,846	134,619	124,738	129,924
53	Malaysia	150,261	144,147	134,225	127,895	135,682	121,824	127,196
54	Argentina	124,627	124,118	125,670	125,707	125,691	125,674	125,686
55	North Macedonia	132,091	126,223	124,972	126,809	123,895	124,314	124,687
56	Armenia	126,812	127,962	126,606	131,821	124,556	116,653	122,058
57	Paraguay	120,067	120,084	119,559	119,040	118,982	118,924	118,965
58	Hungary	178,830	174,630	147,350	124,020	101,360	124,700	117,562
59	Israel	93,717	100,127	105,093	119,062	98,953	108,049	107,523
60	Jordan	93,589	93,800	87,499	141,136	111,759	90,055	106,782
61	Tanzania	67,867	68,687	75,819	83,575	94,215	102,738	96,348
62	Cameroon	88,882	79,210	94,170	94,924	97,237	94,224	95,268
63	North Korea	93,429	92,777	93,330	92,677	92,152	91,627	91,994
64	Bulgaria	95,000	96,790	87,250	107,340	79,980	80,130	85,527
65	Ecuador	74,916	75,001	76,975	77,606	76,527	77,036	76,997
66	Honduras	69,423	67,828	71,170	68,487	68,330	68,173	68,283
67	South Africa	75,160	80,000	60,915	82,329	63,101	63,690	67,241
68	Bolivia	59,701	59,507	60,202	61,062	60,124	60,973	60,736
69	Costa Rica	68,942	94,243	60,544	57,926	56,232	63,240	60,075
70	Lebanon	63,300	60,000	58,240	60,430	60,349	57,200	58,791
71	Chile	47,906	46,597	49,145	46,707	53,214	48,064	49,338
72	Georgia	57,400	67,600	71,300	64,100	59,800	34,800	48,160
73	Oman	56,047	56,616	37,090	44,585	48,802	41,445	44,280
74	El Salvador	49,468	50,211	51,610	22,751	42,494	48,923	41,760
75	Cuba	76,820	62,800	56,683	49,730	41,024	34,319	39,412
76	Canada	28,827	32,942	33,562	34,780	35,012	36,283	35,601
77	Guyana	25,074	20,232	31,570	33,944	36,013	30,357	32,771
78	Moldova	44,408	42,102	27,096	38,104	26,265	30,829	30,915
79	Portugal	26,000	22,670	27,780	31,120	28,950	27,670	28,744
80	Croatia	27,740	20,300	15,590	21,480	23,820	26,440	24,662
81	France	17,660	13,110	24,820	24,170	23,770	23,510	23,720
82	Panama	21,438	26,492	27,298	33,677	23,613	15,974	21,806
83	Palestine	8,120	14,240	14,230	27,530	20,408	15,443	19,350
84	Bosnia and Herzegovina	22,987	22,068	24,520	24,177	11,357	19,935	18,210
85	Jamaica	16,749	16,230	16,182	16,105	18,302	18,873	18,148
86	Botswana	11,068	16,689	11,526	13,658	23,377	15,791	17,640
87	Montenegro	18,107	17,320	15,810	17,287	17,536	17,298	17,367
88	Cyprus	15,020	13,920	14,430	14,480	12,440	13,060	13,158
89	Uruguay	11,236	11,248	11,211	11,231	11,208	11,186	11,202
90	Fiji	4,780	5,489	6,448	5,640	6,221	8,161	7,074
91	Puerto Rico	5,527	5,945	6,181	6,352	6,829	6,584	6,611
92	Somalia	6,444	6,608	6,558	6,324	6,314	6,398	6,358
93	Poland	0	800	900	1,900	2,900	6,300	4,400
94	Slovakia	2,370	3,840	4,450	5,780	3,570	3,340	3,897
95	Namibia	3,624	3,517	3,582	3,574	3,558	3,571	3,568
96	Malta	3,280	3,390	2,950	3,440	3,430	3,420	3,427
97	Malawi	3,087	2,985	3,083	3,052	3,040	3,058	3,051
98	United Arab Emirates	2,205	2,479	2,794	2,528	2,622	2,580	2,582
99	Mauritania	2,682	2,584	2,450	2,572	2,536	2,519	2,535
100	New Zealand	2,396	2,367	2,403	2,420	2,415	2,409	2,413
101	Belize	2,271	1,798	1,844	2,121	2,318	2,545	2,392
102	Austria	1,003	1,390	1,750	2,030	2,220	2,260	2,202
103	Suriname	2,421	2,235	1,852	1,321	1,250	1,460	1,369
104	French Polynesia	1,180	984	1,027	1,013	1,621	1,338	1,358
105	Grenada	4,277	3,250	1,746	1,985	1,198	1,001	1,257
106	Czech Republic	0	0	0	0	0	2,490	1,245
107	Solomon Islands	1,051	1,062	1,071	1,056	1,057	1,059	1,058
108	Cape Verde	928	995	1,256	1,040	1,109	890	986
109	Kuwait	749	525	767	729	397	1,134	832
110	Bahrain	250	250	220	720	720	820	770
111	Qatar	426	507	474	245	521	1,090	750
112	Slovenia	480	610	610	520	620	680	630
113	New Caledonia	791	820	1,004	630	416	579	541
114	Trinidad and Tobago	422	2,068	1,327	398	396	681	539
115	Saint Lucia	500	564	441	397	450	510	469
116	Tonga	448	437	447	444	443	445	444
117	Brunei	196	307	283	294	365	301	319
118	Dominica	274	274	279	277	279	281	279
119	Saint Kitts and Nevis	236	200	152	204	116	129	140
120	Antigua and Barbuda	0	0	94	37	109	140	110
121	Bhutan	62	66	53	156	94	45	82
122	Djibouti	70	71	69	70	71	71	71
123	Cook Islands	64	63	67	65	65	65	65