Cereals Consumption by Country

China and India together held 41.7 percent of the 1,381,816 thousand tonnes of listed cereals food supply in 2023, yet Myanmar and Tanzania stood out for their rapid relative growth over five years. India alone accounted for 60.3 percent of the net increase between 2022 and 2023. The per-capita ranking is led not by the largest totals but by Gambia, and the gap between the top two totals is far narrower here than in most single-commodity tables.

China leads at 310,929 thousand tonnes, only 1.17 times India at 265,620, and Indonesia is a distant third at 60,919. Per capita the order shifts entirely: Gambia at 369.14 kilograms from 996 thousand tonnes, then Bhutan at 286.39 and Myanmar at 284.82 kilograms. China records 218.57 kilograms per person per year and India 184.71, despite their very different total food-supply volumes.

Cereals Food Supply at a Glance

• China had the largest listed cereals food supply in 2023 at 310,929 thousand tonnes.
• India ranked second at 265,620 thousand tonnes, followed by Indonesia at 60,919 thousand tonnes.
• Gambia had the highest per-capita food supply at 369.14 kilograms per person per year.
• The listed total was 1,381,816 thousand tonnes across 176 reporters with reported values.
• Among 176 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, listed cereals food supply increased by 68,644 thousand tonnes, or 5.2 percent.
• The FAO Food element measures food available for human consumption and is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten.

Key Takeaways

This aggregate combines the cereal items included in the FAO Cereals - Excluding Beer food category, including major staples such as wheat, rice, maize, barley and millet, so a country's position reflects the sum of its grain food supply rather than any single crop. The tight top of the table reinforces that: China and India sit within 17 percent of each other, while the third-ranked reporter commands less than a quarter of the leader.

India, China and the United States drove the five-year expansion, together contributing 43.1 percent of the net gain of 68,644 thousand tonnes. Myanmar and Tanzania stood out for pace rather than size, each growing more than 37 percent in relative terms. Between 2022 and 2023 the movement was concentrated even further, with one reporter accounting for most of the annual increase while several others declined.

Cereals Consumption

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#	Country	2023 (thousand tonnes)2023	2023 (kg per person per year)2023
1	China CN	310.93K	218.57
2	India IN	265.62K	184.71
3	Indonesia ID	60.92K	216.65
4	Bangladesh BD	45K	262.46
5	United States US	44.6K	129.86
6	Philippines PH	32.34K	281.49
7	Pakistan PK	31.17K	125.93
8	Egypt EG	28.44K	248.34
9	Ethiopia ET	26.9K	209.02
10	Brazil BR	26.4K	125.05
11	Nigeria NG	26.32K	115.49
12	Vietnam VN	25.24K	251.55
13	Russia RU	23.12K	158.95
14	Mexico MX	21.67K	166.99
15	Türkiye TR	17.23K	197.45
16	Iran IR	17.21K	189.93
17	Myanmar MM	15.42K	284.82
18	Thailand TH	14.76K	205.88
19	United Kingdom GB	10.53K	153.35
20	South Africa ZA	10.14K	160.41
21	Tanzania TZ	10.03K	150.54
22	Morocco MA	9.55K	253.24
23	Algeria DZ	9.29K	201.2
24	Italy IT	9.23K	155.09
25	Germany DE	8.48K	100.29
26	France FR	8.44K	127.02
27	Afghanistan AF	8.44K	203.46
28	Iraq IQ	8.27K	214.02
29	South Korea KR	8.01K	154.76
30	Nepal NP	7.2K	242.45
31	Colombia CO	7.18K	137.25
32	Argentina AR	6.93K	152.22
33	Kenya KE	6.79K	122.71
34	Saudi Arabia SA	6.55K	197.02
35	Uzbekistan UZ	6.38K	178.86
36	Malaysia MY	5.94K	169.02
37	Poland PL	5.59K	144.23
38	Spain ES	5.54K	115.72
39	Canada CA	5.32K	135.47
40	Uganda UG	5.28K	108.55
41	Sri Lanka LK	5.27K	229.22
42	Madagascar MG	5.26K	168.69
43	Peru PE	5.09K	150.51
44	Burkina Faso BF	4.91K	213.15
45	Yemen YE	4.88K	123.85
46	Ukraine UA	4.84K	128.31
47	Ivory Coast CI	4.82K	154.6
48	Niger NE	4.75K	181.64
49	Cambodia KH	4.65K	266.88
50	Venezuela VE	4.61K	162.88
51	DR Congo CD	4.45K	42.09
52	Cameroon CM	4.39K	154.71
53	Senegal SN	4.34K	239.85
54	Mozambique MZ	4.26K	126.69
55	Ghana GH	4.11K	121.61
56	Syria SY	3.97K	168.2
57	Romania RO	3.51K	183.68
58	Angola AO	3.12K	84.79
59	Malawi MW	3.06K	145.09
60	Guinea GN	3.06K	212.04
61	Australia AU	3.05K	115.4
62	Taiwan TW	2.9K	124.4
63	Chile CL	2.75K	139.82
64	Netherlands NL	2.57K	141.89
65	Tunisia TN	2.52K	206.16
66	Kazakhstan KZ	2.45K	120.62
67	Zambia ZM	2.45K	117.96
68	Guatemala GT	2.42K	133.3
69	Azerbaijan AZ	2.37K	230.03
70	Ecuador EC	2.37K	131.7
71	Zimbabwe ZW	2.08K	127.33
72	Laos LA	1.92K	251.02
73	Tajikistan TJ	1.81K	174.44
74	Sierra Leone SL	1.8K	213.23
75	Portugal PT	1.78K	170.59
76	Serbia RS	1.77K	261.42
77	United Arab Emirates AE	1.68K	157.56
78	Haiti HT	1.67K	143.58
79	Bolivia BO	1.64K	133.66
80	Belgium BE	1.54K	131.23
81	Israel IL	1.43K	154.73
82	Hungary HU	1.38K	142.45
83	Nicaragua NI	1.36K	198.86
84	Dominican Republic DO	1.35K	119.5
85	Jordan JO	1.35K	118.29
86	Sweden SE	1.35K	128.02
87	Honduras HN	1.32K	124.36
88	Turkmenistan TM	1.28K	174.08
89	Greece GR	1.23K	120.46
90	Rwanda RW	1.23K	88.24
91	Switzerland CH	1.22K	137.56
92	Austria AT	1.14K	125.06
93	Liberia LR	1.14K	207.57
94	Mauritania MR	1.13K	225.23
95	Czech Republic CZ	1.05K	97.17
96	Kyrgyzstan KG	1.04K	147.42
97	Paraguay PY	1.02K	149.53
98	El Salvador SV	1K	159
99	Gambia GM	996	369.14
100	Papua New Guinea PG	985	94.78
101	Belarus BY	952	104.46
102	Norway NO	926	167.81
103	Panama PA	922	206.82
104	Libya LY	879	120.26
105	Kuwait KW	869	179.63
106	Finland FI	851	151.85
107	Lebanon LB	832	144.1
108	Hong Kong HK	820	110.19
109	Denmark DK	783	131.66
110	Bulgaria BG	741	109.04
111	Costa Rica CR	697	136.52
112	Ireland IE	656	126.19
113	New Zealand NZ	656	126.88
114	Oman OM	656	129.86
115	Georgia GE	650	170.71
116	Slovakia SK	640	116.02
117	Qatar QA	627	210.43
118	Guinea-Bissau GW	604	280.34
119	Uruguay UY	574	169.27
120	Armenia AM	512	173.83
121	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	492	154.62
122	Croatia HR	481	123.48
123	Botswana BW	453	182.62
124	Mongolia MN	439	127.84
125	Congo CG	437	70.67
126	Namibia NA	436	147.27
127	Moldova MD	413	160.75
128	Slovenia SI	385	181.77
129	Timor-Leste TL	367	265.45
130	Gabon GA	361	145.47
131	Lithuania LT	352	123.19
132	Albania AL	345	122.56
133	Jamaica JM	344	121.14
134	Lesotho LS	316	136.82
135	North Macedonia MK	303	165.68
136	Latvia LV	261	138.89
137	Mauritius MU	258	202.87
138	Bahrain BH	252	160.56
139	Comoros KM	231	272.1
140	Bhutan BT	225	286.39
141	Djibouti DJ	213	184.51
142	Eswatini SZ	206	167.09
143	Trinidad and Tobago TT	198	132.06
144	Cyprus CY	187	139.38
145	Guyana GY	136	164.38
146	Montenegro ME	131	207.03
147	Estonia EE	118	86.18
148	Fiji FJ	116	125.37
149	Suriname SR	106	168.62
150	Solomon Islands SB	105	131.32
151	Malta MT	104	194.55
152	Cape Verde CV	102	194.76
153	Macau MO	95	132.73
154	Luxembourg LU	90	135.52
155	Iceland IS	70	181.74
156	Maldives MV	70	133.39
157	Belize BZ	66	160.8
158	Vanuatu VU	57	178.04
159	New Caledonia NC	46	159.57
160	French Polynesia PF	41	145.39
161	Barbados BB	36	126.09
162	Samoa WS	31	145.07
163	Bahamas BS	30	75.77
164	Saint Lucia LC	25	141.69
165	Sao Tome and Principe ST	22	95.87
166	Seychelles SC	21	166.01
167	Kiribati KI	15	116.67
168	Tonga TO	14	131.48
169	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	13	128.82
170	Micronesia FM	10	85.12
171	Grenada GD	9	75.87
172	Antigua and Barbuda AG	8	83.56
173	Marshall Islands MH	7	192.19
174	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	4	85.39
175	Nauru NR	2	147.45
176	Tuvalu TV	2	189.01

China and India Alone Hold 41.7 Percent of the Cereals Total

The 2023 table is led by China at 310,929 thousand tonnes, with India second at 265,620 and Indonesia third at 60,919. Bangladesh and the United States complete the top five at 45,003 and 44,603 thousand tonnes, respectively. China holds 22.5 percent of the 1,381,816-thousand-tonne listed total, and the two leaders together hold 41.7 percent.

The top three reporters accounted for 46.1 percent of the listed total, the top five 52.6 percent and the top ten 63.1 percent. That concentration is lower than in the rice and wheat tables, where the leading pair alone accounts for a larger share, because cereal food supply is spread across more grains and more reporters. Indonesia, third overall, records 216.65 kilograms per person per year, below the leaders despite its large total.

India Supplies 60.3 Percent of a 1.2 Percent Annual Increase

Among the 176 reporters with data in both 2022 and 2023, the listed food supply increased from 1,364,815 thousand tonnes to 1,381,816 thousand tonnes, a gain of 17,001 thousand tonnes (1.2 percent). The two years share the same 176 reporters, with no reporter entering or leaving the comparison. India added 10,255 thousand tonnes (up 4.0 percent), Egypt added 1,386 thousand tonnes (up 5.1 percent), the United States added 1,122 thousand tonnes (up 2.6 percent), Iraq added 1,029 thousand tonnes (up 14.2 percent) and Tanzania added 810 thousand tonnes (up 8.8 percent), while Brazil fell 1,005 thousand tonnes (down 3.7 percent), Yemen fell 900 thousand tonnes (down 15.6 percent) and Ukraine fell 820 thousand tonnes (down 14.5 percent).

India's gain alone equals 60.3 percent of the net annual change, so the headline 1.2 percent figure understates how much of the movement rested on a single reporter while other large markets pulled the other way.

Myanmar and Tanzania Grow Fastest as the Five-Year Total Rises 5.2 Percent

For the 176 reporters with data in both 2019 and 2023, the listed food supply rose from 1,313,172 thousand tonnes to 1,381,816 thousand tonnes, a gain of 68,644 thousand tonnes (5.2 percent). The 2019 total includes 177 reporters with reported values, while the 2023 total includes 176; Cuba, with 2,578 thousand tonnes in 2019, had no reported 2023 value. India added 17,204 thousand tonnes (up 6.9 percent), China added 12,349 thousand tonnes (up 4.1 percent), the United States added 4,644 thousand tonnes (up 11.6 percent), Myanmar added 4,221 thousand tonnes (up 37.7 percent), Pakistan added 3,279 thousand tonnes (up 11.8 percent), the Philippines added 3,201 thousand tonnes (up 11.0 percent) and Tanzania added 2,750 thousand tonnes (up 37.8 percent), while Indonesia fell 3,013 thousand tonnes (down 4.7 percent).

India contributes 25.1 percent of the five-year net increase and China 18.0 percent, together 43.1 percent. Myanmar and Tanzania, ranked well outside the top ten by total, delivered the steepest proportional gains of the major movers. The counterweight came from Indonesia, the only large reporter among the biggest absolute declines, which fell 4.7 percent over the span.

What Does the Cereals Food Supply Measure?

For FAO Food Balances, the figure used here is the FAO item Cereals - Excluding Beer recorded under the Food element as available for human consumption. It represents food available for human consumption during the reference year rather than a direct estimate of the amount of cereals people actually ate. Because it is an aggregate, it sums the food supply of the individual cereal grains; beer, although brewed from cereals, is recorded as a beverage and sits outside this total.

The per-capita figure expresses the same food supply on a population basis, in kilograms per person per year. A country's total quantity and per-capita value therefore answer different questions: total quantity shows the size of the listed food supply, while the per-capita measure adjusts it for population.

Cereals Consumption by Country

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#	Country	2019 (1000 t)	2019 (kg/cap/yr)	2020 (1000 t)	2020 (kg/cap/yr)	2021 (1000 t)	2021 (kg/cap/yr)	2022 (1000 t)	2022 (kg/cap/yr)	2023 (1000 t)	2023 (kg/cap/yr)
1	China	298.58K	209.75	308.38K	216.24	307.45K	215.54	311.4K	218.5	310.93K	218.57
2	India	248.42K	178.84	256.12K	182.6	254.67K	180.08	255.37K	179.15	265.62K	184.71
3	Indonesia	63.93K	234.62	62.05K	225.79	61.2K	221.14	60.25K	216.08	60.92K	216.65
4	Bangladesh	45.32K	274.78	46.71K	280.86	43.96K	262.21	45.13K	266.43	45K	262.46
5	United States	39.96K	118.3	41.3K	121.66	41.88K	123.11	43.48K	127.31	44.6K	129.86
6	Philippines	29.14K	262.98	30.4K	271.24	30.62K	270.74	31.69K	278.07	32.34K	281.49
7	Pakistan	27.89K	120.84	29.98K	127.59	32.29K	134.83	31.52K	129.32	31.17K	125.93
8	Egypt	26.27K	244.23	26.21K	239.75	26.07K	234.94	27.06K	240.26	28.44K	248.34
9	Ethiopia	24.81K	214.37	24.72K	207.87	25.46K	208.41	26.31K	209.84	26.9K	209.02
10	Brazil	25.89K	124.81	26.24K	125.76	26.98K	128.76	27.41K	130.33	26.4K	125.05
11	Nigeria	27.37K	130.64	27.18K	127.01	27.05K	123.8	26.9K	120.54	26.32K	115.49
12	Vietnam	25.86K	266.14	26.51K	270.3	25.96K	262.39	25.19K	252.74	25.24K	251.55
13	Russia	22.45K	153.24	23.29K	159.12	23.25K	159.41	23.55K	161.76	23.12K	158.95
14	Mexico	21.08K	167.63	21.43K	169.02	21.4K	167.67	21.59K	167.83	21.67K	166.99
15	Türkiye	17.19K	201.44	16.85K	195.67	16.99K	195.99	16.96K	194.79	17.23K	197.45
16	Iran	16.31K	187.35	17.09K	194.85	16.75K	189.37	17.93K	200.24	17.21K	189.93
17	Myanmar	11.2K	212.72	14.97K	282.29	15.3K	286.55	15.29K	284.49	15.42K	284.82
18	Thailand	13.62K	190.46	14.04K	195.96	14.46K	201.54	14.46K	201.57	14.76K	205.88
19	United Kingdom	9.98K	148.71	10.17K	151.04	9.56K	141.26	10.27K	150.68	10.53K	153.35
20	South Africa	9.67K	162.3	9.57K	157.93	9.31K	151.44	9.72K	155.78	10.14K	160.41
21	Tanzania	7.28K	122.99	7.81K	128.02	8.2K	130.47	9.22K	142.45	10.03K	150.54
22	Morocco	9.2K	253.95	9.46K	258.57	9.58K	259.27	9.46K	253.42	9.55K	253.24
23	Algeria	9.36K	216.26	9.67K	219.6	9.79K	218.6	9.7K	213.35	9.29K	201.2
24	Italy	9.49K	157.88	9.09K	151.65	9.09K	152.12	8.91K	149.49	9.23K	155.09
25	Germany	8.44K	100.99	8.53K	102	8.61K	102.84	8.64K	102.78	8.48K	100.29
26	France	8.19K	124.58	8.36K	126.84	8.39K	126.95	8.21K	123.84	8.44K	127.02
27	Afghanistan	6.95K	183.69	7.37K	188.58	7.69K	192.14	8.06K	198.73	8.44K	203.46
28	Iraq	7.2K	203.64	7.37K	204.06	7.88K	213.36	7.25K	191.67	8.27K	214.02
29	South Korea	7.96K	153.8	8.08K	155.86	7.96K	153.47	8.1K	156.48	8.01K	154.76
30	Nepal	6.87K	241.82	6.97K	240.66	7.2K	244.23	7.34K	247.15	7.2K	242.45
31	Colombia	6.59K	131.95	6.94K	137.14	6.53K	127.55	7.19K	138.95	7.18K	137.25
32	Argentina	6.42K	142.84	6.21K	137.32	6.29K	138.84	6.63K	145.94	6.93K	152.22
33	Kenya	7.39K	144.34	6.94K	132.92	6.61K	124.28	6.18K	113.86	6.79K	122.71
34	Saudi Arabia	6.62K	217.08	6.66K	214.86	6.82K	217.68	6.54K	203.37	6.55K	197.02
35	Uzbekistan	6.35K	192.46	6.36K	189.37	6.09K	177.74	6.04K	172.98	6.38K	178.86
36	Malaysia	5.85K	174.93	6.04K	178.19	5.9K	172.11	6.28K	181.03	5.94K	169.02
37	Poland	5.65K	147.92	5.77K	151.05	5.6K	147.14	5.67K	147.72	5.59K	144.23
38	Spain	5.4K	113.9	5.52K	115.83	5.56K	116.48	5.53K	115.59	5.54K	115.72
39	Canada	4.95K	130.91	5.15K	134.81	4.97K	129.24	5.07K	130.56	5.32K	135.47
40	Uganda	3.11K	72.28	3.93K	88.39	4.61K	100.46	5.39K	113.88	5.28K	108.55
41	Sri Lanka	5.43K	242.39	6.12K	271.1	5.99K	264.04	5.19K	227.08	5.27K	229.22
42	Madagascar	4.48K	158.72	4.5K	155.51	4.86K	163.76	5.25K	172.62	5.26K	168.69
43	Peru	4.99K	153.61	5.3K	161.34	5.09K	153.63	5.26K	157.07	5.09K	150.51
44	Burkina Faso	4.03K	192.25	4.2K	195.39	4.64K	211.09	4.83K	214.7	4.91K	213.15
45	Yemen	5.26K	149.68	5.63K	155.7	5.97K	160.72	5.78K	151.19	4.88K	123.85
46	Ukraine	5.9K	131.15	5.84K	130.65	6.01K	135.6	5.66K	137.9	4.84K	128.31
47	Ivory Coast	4.66K	165.15	4.66K	160.97	4.54K	153.15	5.22K	171.68	4.82K	154.6
48	Niger	4.88K	212.53	5.07K	213.74	4.28K	174.65	5K	197.63	4.75K	181.64
49	Cambodia	3.86K	233.88	4.06K	242.42	4.18K	246.51	4.2K	244.06	4.65K	266.88
50	Venezuela	3.51K	121.24	3.83K	134.46	4.54K	160.76	4.34K	153.7	4.61K	162.88
51	DR Congo	3.83K	41.16	4.05K	42.19	4.22K	42.55	4.34K	42.38	4.45K	42.09
52	Cameroon	3.89K	152.59	3.81K	145.3	4.29K	159.35	4.45K	161.2	4.39K	154.71
53	Senegal	3.55K	216.87	3.6K	214.45	3.76K	218.57	4.04K	229.01	4.34K	239.85
54	Mozambique	3.39K	113.48	3.8K	123.39	4.27K	134.7	4.35K	133.05	4.26K	126.69
55	Ghana	3.72K	118.86	4.09K	128.39	4.25K	130.6	4.11K	124.1	4.11K	121.61
56	Syria	3.28K	161.04	3.41K	161.92	3.46K	159.86	3.6K	160.18	3.97K	168.2
57	Romania	3.52K	180.64	3.47K	178.68	3.42K	177.61	3.58K	186.77	3.51K	183.68
58	Angola	3.12K	96.42	3.2K	95.7	3.12K	90.21	3.07K	86.12	3.12K	84.79
59	Malawi	3.04K	159.78	3.05K	156.15	3.15K	157.16	2.99K	145.24	3.06K	145.09
60	Guinea	2.56K	196.42	2.73K	203.95	2.86K	208.39	2.92K	207.46	3.06K	212.04
61	Australia	2.79K	109.28	2.84K	110.16	2.8K	107.7	2.95K	112.61	3.05K	115.4
62	Taiwan	3.13K	132.19	2.94K	124.42	2.9K	122.98	2.84K	121.22	2.9K	124.4
63	Chile	2.92K	151.88	2.84K	146.52	2.8K	143.88	2.79K	142.44	2.75K	139.82
64	Netherlands	2.52K	143.42	2.56K	144.89	2.4K	135.27	2.33K	129.97	2.57K	141.89
65	Tunisia	2.43K	204.22	2.51K	209.52	2.58K	214.05	2.51K	206.96	2.52K	206.16
66	Kazakhstan	2.59K	134.86	2.4K	122.91	2.37K	120.09	2.23K	111.1	2.45K	120.62
67	Zambia	2.18K	117.96	2.15K	112.98	2.23K	113.75	2.3K	114.2	2.45K	117.96
68	Guatemala	2.46K	143.73	2.37K	136.32	2.26K	128.46	2.44K	136.72	2.42K	133.3
69	Azerbaijan	2.32K	229.24	2.34K	229.31	2.24K	218.88	2.14K	207.79	2.37K	230.03
70	Ecuador	2.67K	154.04	2.67K	152.24	2.39K	135.13	2.41K	135.01	2.37K	131.7
71	Zimbabwe	1.85K	121.1	2.06K	132.34	2.09K	132.11	1.97K	122.5	2.08K	127.33
72	Laos	1.92K	265.3	1.84K	250.8	1.91K	256.73	1.95K	258.07	1.92K	251.02
73	Tajikistan	1.66K	174.1	1.7K	174.3	1.78K	178.6	1.77K	174.07	1.81K	174.44
74	Sierra Leone	1.42K	183.64	1.56K	197.21	1.61K	198.25	1.79K	216.73	1.8K	213.23
75	Portugal	1.43K	138.07	1.51K	145.79	1.52K	146.14	1.66K	159.16	1.78K	170.59
76	Serbia	1.64K	235.48	1.65K	238.61	1.68K	246.21	1.7K	249.54	1.77K	261.42
77	United Arab Emirates	1.27K	135.57	1.49K	157.29	1.5K	152.93	1.62K	158.14	1.68K	157.56
78	Haiti	1.55K	139.81	1.59K	141.81	1.64K	144.12	1.46K	127.03	1.67K	143.58
79	Bolivia	1.54K	132.1	1.61K	136.27	1.65K	138.56	1.65K	136.98	1.64K	133.66
80	Belgium	1.54K	134.25	1.54K	133.04	1.47K	126.87	1.6K	136.98	1.54K	131.23
81	Israel	1.35K	155.96	1.39K	158.25	1.44K	160.48	1.46K	160.07	1.43K	154.73
82	Hungary	1.26K	129.23	1.2K	122.64	1.28K	131.37	1.28K	132.06	1.38K	142.45
83	Nicaragua	1.16K	178.27	1.24K	188.73	1.26K	189.49	1.34K	199.19	1.36K	198.86
84	Dominican Republic	1.18K	108.21	1.32K	120.02	1.37K	123.25	1.31K	116.56	1.35K	119.5
85	Jordan	1.43K	133.86	1.51K	138.52	1.47K	133.09	1.42K	126.22	1.35K	118.29
86	Sweden	1.27K	123.48	1.24K	119.32	1.3K	124.9	1.35K	128.36	1.35K	128.02
87	Honduras	1.32K	132.55	1.35K	133.69	1.35K	130.93	1.39K	133.2	1.32K	124.36
88	Turkmenistan	1.23K	180.82	1.2K	172.05	1.21K	170.51	1.25K	173.13	1.28K	174.08
89	Greece	1.22K	114	1.19K	111.12	1.24K	117.01	1.25K	120.35	1.23K	120.46
90	Rwanda	862	67.44	936	71.62	953	71.33	1.16K	84.58	1.23K	88.24
91	Switzerland	1.15K	133.76	1.13K	131.12	1.12K	128.36	1.23K	139.55	1.22K	137.56
92	Austria	992	111.75	1.02K	114.72	1.08K	120.89	1.1K	120.86	1.14K	125.06
93	Liberia	873	173.12	894	173.63	894	170.07	985	183.33	1.14K	207.57
94	Mauritania	1.07K	239.33	1.1K	237.96	1.13K	238.09	1.17K	240.81	1.13K	225.23
95	Czech Republic	1.06K	100.6	1.07K	101.66	1.03K	97.78	1.06K	99.62	1.05K	97.17
96	Kyrgyzstan	1.05K	161	1.08K	161.59	969	142.12	1.05K	151.52	1.04K	147.42
97	Paraguay	912	139.91	964	146.04	1.05K	156.37	1.05K	155.32	1.02K	149.53
98	El Salvador	1.01K	162.72	990	158.78	965	154.32	997	158.76	1K	159
99	Gambia	841	342.38	884	351.4	906	351.56	964	365.71	996	369.14
100	Papua New Guinea	744	77.39	796	81.11	797	79.62	953	93.37	985	94.78
101	Belarus	1.07K	113.34	1.1K	117.35	1.04K	112.12	1.04K	113.72	952	104.46
102	Norway	906	169.35	884	164.35	890	164.54	915	167.73	926	167.81
103	Panama	805	190.21	920	214.26	827	190.23	879	199.7	922	206.82
104	Libya	1.2K	172	1.18K	167.41	1.23K	172.21	1K	138.39	879	120.26
105	Kuwait	842	189.64	878	199.54	825	189.13	814	177.29	869	179.63
106	Finland	739	133.91	779	140.83	779	140.51	833	149.58	851	151.85
107	Lebanon	850	146.61	887	155.49	840	146.96	839	146.02	832	144.1
108	Hong Kong	912	121.89	905	120.77	859	114.79	843	112.97	820	110.19
109	Denmark	684	117.59	678	116.31	696	118.77	740	125.28	783	131.66
110	Bulgaria	845	121.08	808	116.5	863	125.43	703	103.01	741	109.04
111	Costa Rica	690	138	707	140.42	656	129.69	630	123.96	697	136.52
112	Ireland	705	142.96	627	125.79	590	117.34	609	119.1	656	126.19
113	New Zealand	585	117.18	608	119.95	595	116.49	621	120.92	656	126.88
114	Oman	647	140.94	605	133.84	512	113.68	595	125.68	656	129.86
115	Georgia	646	170.16	697	183.65	690	182.1	666	175.49	650	170.71
116	Slovakia	700	128.48	723	132.56	715	131.36	670	122.42	640	116.02
117	Qatar	573	204.69	561	200.27	572	203.03	554	191.61	627	210.43
118	Guinea-Bissau	575	292.39	672	333.73	524	254.52	545	258.87	604	280.34
119	Uruguay	591	173.98	585	172	556	163.59	573	169	574	169.27
120	Armenia	486	167.31	501	173.18	476	165.88	479	166.16	512	173.83
121	Bosnia and Herzegovina	567	169.42	562	170.46	557	171.75	520	162.28	492	154.62
122	Croatia	484	121.4	482	121.92	483	123.07	467	119.42	481	123.48
123	Botswana	399	171.25	418	176.49	395	164.53	428	175.48	453	182.62
124	Mongolia	408	126.3	453	137.61	479	143.48	436	128.87	439	127.84
125	Congo	363	64.6	365	63.49	411	69.76	425	70.5	437	70.67
126	Namibia	361	136.16	361	132.13	374	133.23	398	137.85	436	147.27
127	Moldova	372	142.48	372	144.9	389	154.29	389	153.34	413	160.75
128	Slovenia	365	175.21	377	179.44	359	169.67	361	170.52	385	181.77
129	Timor-Leste	271	208.44	282	212.78	311	230.05	327	238.8	367	265.45
130	Gabon	299	131.8	335	144.31	300	126.28	337	138.79	361	145.47
131	Lithuania	401	143.35	392	140.23	371	132.88	368	130.54	352	123.19
132	Albania	441	152.73	438	152.39	322	113	335	118.36	345	122.56
133	Jamaica	358	126.71	340	120.23	349	123.12	355	125.04	344	121.14
134	Lesotho	337	152.6	303	135.74	306	135.23	300	131.17	316	136.82
135	North Macedonia	290	152.62	294	156.85	291	157.18	291	157.91	303	165.68
136	Latvia	243	127.08	216	113.48	214	113.61	243	129.37	261	138.89
137	Mauritius	259	201.25	269	209.67	273	213.2	264	206.93	258	202.87
138	Bahrain	243	163.4	238	160.43	242	160.85	241	157.3	252	160.56
139	Comoros	160	202.97	222	276.46	220	269.25	222	265.68	231	272.1
140	Bhutan	204	267.28	208	269.98	211	272.08	204	261.08	225	286.39
141	Djibouti	201	185.04	204	184.33	198	176.66	211	185.61	213	184.51
142	Eswatini	178	150.9	192	161.35	183	151.46	182	149.62	206	167.09
143	Trinidad and Tobago	204	137.34	203	137.11	201	134.9	193	129.22	198	132.06
144	Cyprus	193	149.94	205	157.44	193	146.25	182	136.59	187	139.38
145	Guyana	145	179.29	137	170.2	135	165.22	134	163.45	136	164.38
146	Montenegro	113	184.14	123	201.52	127	210.8	124	201.29	131	207.03
147	Estonia	115	86.75	110	83.1	117	87.76	114	84.3	118	86.18
148	Fiji	126	137.72	129	141.26	127	138.96	120	130.21	116	125.37
149	Suriname	104	171.76	103	168.73	105	169.35	110	176.64	106	168.62
150	Solomon Islands	114	156.19	112	150.67	103	134.74	98	126.07	105	131.32
151	Malta	92	182.58	93	179.01	92	174.63	101	191.08	104	194.55
152	Cape Verde	103	199.83	107	208.12	111	214.01	104	199.46	102	194.76
153	Macau	88	130.65	91	133.66	91	131.61	91	129.29	95	132.73
154	Luxembourg	81	130.56	89	141.01	84	131.28	86	131.38	90	135.52
155	Iceland	56	156.48	60	163.14	66	177.15	70	184.81	70	181.74
156	Maldives	65	133.38	72	142.71	73	141	76	145	70	133.39
157	Belize	56	144.64	54	139.31	54	136.48	63	156.72	66	160.8
158	Vanuatu	49	169.45	52	175.4	53	171.94	55	175.06	57	178.04
159	New Caledonia	45	157.67	43	150.88	46	160.06	45	158.23	46	159.57
160	French Polynesia	46	166.06	44	159.09	46	163.16	40	143.36	41	145.39
161	Barbados	33	117.59	34	120.9	33	116.01	33	115.46	36	126.09
162	Samoa	29	137.13	31	147.62	33	155.02	31	142.32	31	145.07
163	Bahamas	39	98.03	37	94.66	37	92.12	33	83.24	30	75.77
164	Saint Lucia	23	130.82	24	136.85	26	143.59	25	139.8	25	141.69
165	Sao Tome and Principe	28	133.22	25	114.33	27	119.77	25	112.13	22	95.87
166	Seychelles	21	180.04	21	171.63	21	167.15	21	167.18	21	166.01
167	Kiribati	19	152.29	20	154.82	20	153.42	15	113.64	15	116.67
168	Tonga	13	127.18	14	128.76	13	121.2	12	114.9	14	131.48
169	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	13	125.33	14	133.97	12	117.92	13	126.39	13	128.82
170	Micronesia	13	118.38	13	116.66	13	113.92	12	110.24	10	85.12
171	Grenada	10	88.63	9	80.93	10	87.68	8	68.15	9	75.87
172	Antigua and Barbuda	8	89.34	9	102.26	8	89.1	8	88.17	8	83.56
173	Marshall Islands	9	215.81	7	171.01	9	208.95	8	195.44	7	192.19
174	Saint Kitts and Nevis	4	81.83	5	103.23	4	94.02	4	84.73	4	85.39
175	Nauru	1	119.05	2	139.32	1	114.43	2	141.79	2	147.45
176	Tuvalu	2	167.74	2	174.87	2	165.19	2	180.23	2	189.01
177	Cuba	2.58K	230.11	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Cereals Consumption by Country: Quick Answer

In 2023, according to FAO Food Balances, China had the largest listed cereals food supply among the 176 reporters with reported values, at 310,929 thousand tonnes. India ranked second at 265,620 thousand tonnes, while Indonesia ranked third at 60,919 thousand tonnes. Gambia had the highest per-capita cereals food supply at 369.14 kilograms per person per year. These FAO Food Balances figures represent food available for human consumption, not a direct measurement of cereals actually eaten.

Methodology

Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals use FAO Food Balances food quantity (Element 5142, thousand tonnes), while the per-capita figures use food supply quantity (Element 645, kg/capita/year) for Cereals - Excluding Beer from 2019 through 2023. The Food element represents the quantity available for human consumption during the reference period. It is not a direct measure of the amount actually eaten, because food available for human consumption is not the same as actual dietary intake. No percentage change is shown where the base-year value is zero.

The reporter universe for this item contains 177 reporters. The tables list reporters only; aggregate rows such as World, regions and China (aggregate) are excluded, while China figures refer to the China reporter. For year-to-year comparisons, only reporters with values in both endpoint years are included in the arithmetic. A zero indicates a displayed value of zero, while an empty cell indicates that no value is available for that reporter and year.

Quantities are shown in thousand tonnes as reported, without additional rounding. The FAO dataset reports the Food element in thousand tonnes and food supply quantity in kilograms per capita per year. The listed total of 1,381,816 thousand tonnes is the sum of the 176 reporters with a reported 2023 value; it excludes aggregate rows and reporters without a 2023 value. This article covers the cereals aggregate; individual cereal items are treated in separate articles.