Cereals; Primary Production by Country

China stayed the largest primary cereals producer while adding 10,773,008 tonnes and Argentina added 20,323,424 tonnes. The figures below reproduce FAO Crops and Livestock Products records for item Cereals; primary, 2020-2024, reporting production quantity in tonnes. The table lists 180 countries; 178 reported a 2024 quantity, and the 2024 annual listed total is 3,132,370,008 tonnes. The 2024 country list for primary cereals production runs from the largest listed quantity to the smallest.

China produced 1.43 times as much as the United States: 651,355,743 tonnes against 454,987,916, while India ranks third with 391,123,858 tonnes, 63,864,058 tonnes behind the United States. The top two hold 35.3 percent of the listed total, with third and fourth at 391,123,858 and 138,980,899 tonnes respectively.

Cereals; Primary Production by Country

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#	Country	2024
1	China CN	651,355,743
2	United States US	454,987,916
3	India IN	391,123,858
4	Brazil BR	138,980,899
5	Russia RU	120,400,172
6	Argentina AR	85,727,346
7	Indonesia ID	68,281,639
8	Bangladesh BD	66,347,851
9	Canada CA	63,660,405
10	Pakistan PK	55,933,133
11	Ukraine UA	55,651,880
12	France FR	53,553,470
13	Australia AU	52,350,447
14	Vietnam VN	47,853,478
15	Türkiye TR	39,017,292
16	Germany DE	38,975,500
17	Thailand TH	38,639,722
18	Poland PL	34,345,780
19	Mexico MX	32,642,051
20	Ethiopia ET	31,763,174
21	Myanmar MM	30,128,822
22	Nigeria NG	28,473,079
23	Philippines PH	27,225,763
24	Kazakhstan KZ	24,565,948
25	Iran IR	24,511,345
26	Egypt EG	24,001,618
27	Spain ES	20,862,990
28	United Kingdom GB	19,441,252
29	Romania RO	17,864,380
30	Cambodia KH	15,580,000
31	Tanzania TZ	15,468,111
32	South Africa ZA	15,313,961
33	Italy IT	14,135,940
34	Hungary HU	12,689,330
35	Nepal NP	11,525,107
36	Japan JP	11,397,732
37	Mali ML	10,440,301
38	Bulgaria BG	10,044,680
39	Serbia RS	8,724,606
40	Uzbekistan UZ	8,295,464
41	Belarus BY	7,731,918
42	Czech Republic CZ	7,520,790
43	Denmark DK	7,496,360
44	Sudan SD	6,726,871
45	Iraq IQ	6,451,522
46	Afghanistan AF	6,215,646
47	Ghana GH	6,204,238
48	Niger NE	5,965,899
49	Peru PE	5,923,491
50	Paraguay PY	5,806,160
51	Lithuania LT	5,707,790
52	Uganda UG	5,670,000
53	Guinea GN	5,385,006
54	Madagascar MG	5,237,387
55	Burkina Faso BF	5,209,425
56	Sweden SE	5,149,700
57	South Korea KR	4,984,351
58	Kenya KE	4,978,020
59	Sri Lanka LK	4,930,803
60	North Korea KP	4,885,461
61	Austria AT	4,880,410
62	DR Congo CD	4,388,403
63	Colombia CO	4,342,473
64	Syria SY	4,330,802
65	Laos LA	4,266,040
66	Ivory Coast CI	4,168,058
67	Algeria DZ	4,118,300
68	Uruguay UY	4,116,826
69	Senegal SN	3,914,480
70	Cameroon CM	3,846,199
71	Bolivia BO	3,737,132
72	Slovakia SK	3,687,160
73	Angola AO	3,501,375
74	Venezuela VE	3,486,591
75	Azerbaijan AZ	3,305,281
76	Croatia HR	3,285,520
77	Malawi MW	3,279,465
78	Finland FI	3,276,940
79	Morocco MA	3,205,381
80	Latvia LV	3,152,400
81	Benin BJ	2,905,685
82	Greece GR	2,873,990
83	Ecuador EC	2,789,553
84	Chad TD	2,709,156
85	Mozambique MZ	2,656,063
86	Chile CL	2,555,899
87	Guatemala GT	2,331,190
88	Kyrgyzstan KG	2,133,604
89	Moldova MD	2,129,863
90	Malaysia MY	2,104,277
91	Belgium BE	1,932,850
92	Ireland IE	1,896,580
93	Taiwan TW	1,870,981
94	Zambia ZM	1,761,004
95	Tajikistan TJ	1,552,464
96	Togo TG	1,533,073
97	Tunisia TN	1,504,226
98	Sierra Leone SL	1,501,593
99	Turkmenistan TM	1,486,834
100	Zimbabwe ZW	1,342,959
101	Estonia EE	1,303,540
102	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	1,202,745
103	South Sudan SS	1,200,000
104	Norway NO	1,181,400
105	Saudi Arabia SA	1,174,874
106	Guyana GY	1,119,800
107	New Zealand NZ	1,102,881
108	Dominican Republic DO	1,049,757
109	Netherlands NL	1,044,680
110	Portugal PT	1,017,320
111	Rwanda RW	975,199
112	El Salvador SV	895,000
113	Burundi BI	789,542
114	Honduras HN	770,043
115	Slovenia SI	672,960
116	Albania AL	649,919
117	Switzerland CH	628,070
118	Mauritania MR	570,227
119	North Macedonia MK	532,134
120	Panama PA	461,850
121	Mongolia MN	443,153
122	Yemen YE	421,000
123	Georgia GE	418,577
124	Guinea-Bissau GW	323,557
125	Haiti HT	323,000
126	Liberia LR	322,400
127	Cuba CU	307,959
128	Eritrea ER	305,210
129	Central African Republic CF	282,868
130	Oman OM	241,658
131	Suriname SR	226,034
132	Armenia AM	215,133
133	Israel IL	175,077
134	Libya LY	164,800
135	Belize BZ	145,751
136	Luxembourg LU	140,770
137	Timor-Leste TL	132,000
138	Somalia SO	128,063
139	Gambia GM	124,841
140	Lebanon LB	119,830
141	Jordan JO	84,012
142	Eswatini SZ	77,722
143	Bhutan BT	73,368
144	Costa Rica CR	72,256
145	Lesotho LS	67,527
146	Namibia NA	61,229
147	Botswana BW	54,554
148	Gabon GA	47,737
149	Kuwait KW	35,266
150	Congo CG	30,221
151	Cyprus CY	28,890
152	United Arab Emirates AE	20,216
153	Comoros KM	20,110
154	Papua New Guinea PG	18,809
155	Fiji FJ	11,042
156	New Caledonia NC	7,355
157	Montenegro ME	6,907
158	Iceland IS	4,986
159	Puerto Rico PR	3,731
160	Brunei BN	3,612
161	Solomon Islands SB	2,756
162	Jamaica JM	2,381
163	Qatar QA	1769
164	Mauritius MU	1289
165	Vanuatu VU	985.44
166	Sao Tome and Principe ST	796.13
167	Trinidad and Tobago TT	784.4
168	Bahamas BS	604.91
169	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	427
170	Micronesia FM	289.81
171	Maldives MV	204.87
172	Dominica DM	194.19
173	Grenada GD	177.21
174	Antigua and Barbuda AG	50.37
175	Djibouti DJ	17.41
176	Cape Verde CV	5
177	Barbados BB	1.1
178	Malta MT	0
179	Nicaragua NI	-
180	Palestine PS	-

Cereals; Primary Production by Country in 2024

China was the largest primary cereals producer in the 2024 listed data with 651,355,743 tonnes, followed by the United States with 454,987,916 tonnes and India with 391,123,858 tonnes. Brazil ranked fourth with 138,980,899 tonnes.

China holds 20.8 percent of the listed 2024 total. The top three together hold 47.8 percent of the 3,132,370,008-tonne listed total.

Argentina Adds 20,323,424 Tonnes as Cereals; Primary Production Grows 0.2 Percent

Between 2023 and 2024, the common reporter universe (178 countries with data in both years) rose from 3,125,347,175 tonnes to 3,132,370,008 tonnes, a change of 7,022,833 tonnes (0.2 percent). The totals listed for each year were 3,126,228,595 tonnes (179 reporters) and 3,132,370,008 tonnes (178 reporters); 1 country reporting in 2023 (881,420 tonnes, Nicaragua) did not report in 2024, while no new reporters joined. Argentina added 20,323,424 tonnes (up 31.1 percent) and India 17,539,931 tonnes (up 4.7 percent), while Brazil fell 16,896,183 tonnes (down 10.8 percent) and Russia 15,935,321 tonnes (down 11.7 percent).

India Adds 49,676,918 Tonnes as Cereals; Primary Production Grows 3.5 Percent Since 2020

The 2020 to 2024 common reporter universe (178 countries with data in both years) moved from 3,025,052,806 tonnes to 3,132,370,008 tonnes, a change of 107,317,202 tonnes (3.5 percent). The totals listed for each year were 3,026,008,664 tonnes (180 reporters) and 3,132,370,008 tonnes (178 reporters); 2 reporters present in 2020 (Nicaragua, 905,198 tonnes, and Palestine, 50,660 tonnes) are absent in 2024, while no new reporters joined. India added 49,676,918 tonnes (up 14.5 percent), accounting for 46.3 percent of the increase, while China added 36,031,781 tonnes (up 5.9 percent) and the United States 21,728,046 tonnes (up 5.0 percent).

The listed total rose in 2021, dipped in 2022 to 3,054,490,735 tonnes, then rose in 2023 and 2024 to reach 3,132,370,008 tonnes. The 2024 window pairs Argentina's 31.1 percent jump with retreats in Brazil and Russia from their 2023 levels.

Cereals; Primary Production by Country

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#	Country	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	China	615,323,962	631,548,530	632,097,502	640,582,735	651,355,743
2	United States	433,259,870	450,200,713	408,899,960	462,631,158	454,987,916
3	India	341,446,940	355,529,809	353,766,052	373,583,927	391,123,858
4	Brazil	125,585,148	111,985,318	135,743,835	155,877,082	138,980,899
5	Russia	130,038,977	117,580,764	153,102,999	136,335,493	120,400,172
6	Argentina	83,569,978	92,198,347	81,989,897	65,403,922	85,727,346
7	Indonesia	67,578,143	67,830,216	71,276,250	68,755,426	68,281,639
8	Bangladesh	61,113,280	61,986,999	63,136,360	66,313,385	66,347,851
9	Canada	65,314,300	47,546,138	65,578,427	61,062,325	63,660,405
10	Pakistan	47,226,053	51,304,736	48,519,329	53,065,396	55,933,133
11	Ukraine	64,374,798	85,368,635	53,536,001	59,318,005	55,651,880
12	France	57,085,160	66,877,140	59,927,490	64,240,810	53,553,470
13	Australia	49,332,133	54,958,515	59,607,883	43,120,957	52,350,447
14	Vietnam	47,325,157	48,301,163	47,085,607	47,935,653	47,853,478
15	Türkiye	37,184,688	31,864,404	38,667,033	42,193,311	39,017,292
16	Germany	43,265,100	42,359,400	43,479,000	42,462,800	38,975,500
17	Thailand	36,458,939	37,471,283	38,093,913	38,985,514	38,639,722
18	Poland	35,031,300	33,996,290	34,987,760	35,183,860	34,345,780
19	Mexico	36,374,790	36,582,135	36,330,007	37,015,879	32,642,051
20	Ethiopia	32,486,215	32,459,543	31,183,281	31,501,751	31,763,174
21	Myanmar	28,912,459	30,140,001	30,705,496	28,283,371	30,128,822
22	Nigeria	29,211,452	29,860,719	30,314,054	28,048,997	28,473,079
23	Philippines	27,413,962	28,247,959	28,012,712	28,465,199	27,225,763
24	Kazakhstan	19,884,853	16,216,231	21,722,294	16,739,555	24,565,948
25	Iran	22,552,257	17,094,560	20,423,029	23,976,866	24,511,345
26	Egypt	22,461,306	23,097,094	22,005,502	23,796,062	24,001,618
27	Spain	27,320,900	25,510,560	19,292,230	11,928,280	20,862,990
28	United Kingdom	18,961,989	22,369,109	24,362,311	22,047,420	19,441,252
29	Romania	18,153,430	27,791,090	18,860,480	20,784,510	17,864,380
30	Cambodia	11,836,000	12,906,000	13,014,700	14,699,400	15,580,000
31	Tanzania	12,489,584	12,390,888	11,933,644	12,789,710	15,468,111
32	South Africa	18,790,412	19,232,355	18,036,975	19,016,530	15,313,961
33	Italy	16,945,440	16,568,150	14,300,570	15,452,820	14,135,940
34	Hungary	15,566,640	13,980,870	9,060,660	15,039,690	12,689,330
35	Nepal	11,006,496	10,627,427	11,128,345	11,151,028	11,525,107
36	Japan	11,692,641	11,989,634	11,718,523	11,498,641	11,397,732
37	Mali	10,352,058	8,819,414	10,289,006	9,979,191	10,440,301
38	Bulgaria	8,598,290	11,639,300	9,790,690	10,345,650	10,044,680
39	Serbia	11,472,091	10,260,886	8,037,635	10,833,929	8,724,606
40	Uzbekistan	7,226,083	7,197,007	7,518,003	7,913,071	8,295,464
41	Belarus	8,403,688	6,914,867	7,772,408	6,736,790	7,731,918
42	Czech Republic	8,126,660	8,227,120	8,218,420	7,995,530	7,520,790
43	Denmark	9,467,690	8,640,070	9,464,200	7,001,960	7,496,360
44	Sudan	5,709,039	5,164,938	7,451,248	4,162,049	6,726,871
45	Iraq	9,349,401	5,652,129	3,724,581	5,224,704	6,451,522
46	Afghanistan	6,241,828	4,970,923	4,802,495	5,402,975	6,215,646
47	Ghana	4,636,040	4,858,038	5,136,563	5,679,039	6,204,238
48	Niger	5,775,124	3,504,465	5,962,438	5,062,274	5,965,899
49	Peru	5,403,799	5,681,655	5,540,010	5,538,591	5,923,491
50	Paraguay	8,433,186	6,304,401	6,604,955	6,475,400	5,806,160
51	Lithuania	6,544,720	5,340,820	5,623,660	5,629,750	5,707,790
52	Uganda	4,032,000	4,229,600	5,525,000	5,720,000	5,670,000
53	Guinea	4,008,358	4,402,724	4,745,053	5,291,964	5,385,006
54	Madagascar	4,455,180	4,805,082	5,144,258	5,388,081	5,237,387
55	Burkina Faso	5,179,104	4,661,140	5,179,059	5,147,924	5,209,425
56	Sweden	5,954,500	4,980,300	5,823,200	4,328,000	5,149,700
57	South Korea	4,945,458	5,443,076	5,219,729	5,134,359	4,984,351
58	Kenya	4,881,202	4,074,399	3,846,845	5,145,991	4,978,020
59	Sri Lanka	5,441,135	5,630,774	3,663,231	4,744,648	4,930,803
60	North Korea	4,664,959	4,737,035	4,777,898	4,787,301	4,885,461
61	Austria	5,649,770	5,316,150	5,205,750	5,235,050	4,880,410
62	DR Congo	3,720,559	3,882,129	4,035,104	4,207,509	4,388,403
63	Colombia	4,458,460	4,556,233	4,558,570	4,765,426	4,342,473
64	Syria	5,322,400	2,514,776	2,276,238	4,878,705	4,330,802
65	Laos	4,202,725	4,195,807	4,244,390	4,358,683	4,266,040
66	Ivory Coast	2,817,182	2,956,948	3,065,235	3,575,695	4,168,058
67	Algeria	4,393,333	2,784,018	4,093,860	3,439,234	4,118,300
68	Uruguay	3,503,157	4,048,466	4,597,619	3,937,345	4,116,826
69	Senegal	3,640,545	3,535,753	3,663,690	4,009,401	3,914,480
70	Cameroon	3,539,715	3,715,922	3,843,696	3,841,420	3,846,199
71	Bolivia	2,914,459	3,741,163	2,615,641	3,086,273	3,737,132
72	Slovakia	4,580,900	4,289,470	3,382,800	4,304,610	3,687,160
73	Angola	3,077,110	3,059,537	3,179,113	3,341,642	3,501,375
74	Venezuela	2,396,628	3,262,086	3,267,433	3,420,179	3,486,591
75	Azerbaijan	3,151,182	3,258,169	3,055,970	3,153,906	3,305,281
76	Croatia	3,746,320	3,645,150	3,023,810	3,191,010	3,285,520
77	Malawi	4,028,212	4,896,942	4,010,714	3,810,291	3,279,465
78	Finland	3,415,550	2,648,990	3,590,090	3,006,670	3,276,940
79	Morocco	3,325,863	10,452,983	3,511,705	5,626,027	3,205,381
80	Latvia	3,497,100	2,994,600	3,243,700	2,715,800	3,152,400
81	Benin	2,203,105	2,308,913	2,297,373	2,737,481	2,905,685
82	Greece	3,105,370	3,233,710	3,203,370	3,404,050	2,873,990
83	Ecuador	2,426,404	2,948,590	2,928,676	2,754,552	2,789,553
84	Chad	2,882,262	2,620,314	2,798,641	2,643,417	2,709,156
85	Mozambique	1,986,744	2,216,565	2,832,309	2,459,322	2,656,063
86	Chile	2,761,554	3,035,972	2,588,505	2,497,165	2,555,899
87	Guatemala	2,050,091	2,130,966	2,158,161	2,167,088	2,331,190
88	Kyrgyzstan	1,901,323	1,376,367	1,912,670	1,671,692	2,133,604
89	Moldova	1,478,349	4,651,182	1,758,059	3,177,124	2,129,863
90	Malaysia	2,356,392	2,442,071	2,282,576	2,175,717	2,104,277
91	Belgium	2,565,850	2,452,580	2,779,540	2,754,890	1,932,850
92	Ireland	1,892,640	2,363,950	2,485,680	1,902,430	1,896,580
93	Taiwan	1,966,128	1,777,050	1,813,358	1,692,109	1,870,981
94	Zambia	3,689,518	3,953,632	3,056,715	3,658,966	1,761,004
95	Tajikistan	1,314,561	1,466,073	1,461,222	1,395,442	1,552,464
96	Togo	1,355,508	1,403,574	1,439,850	1,529,713	1,533,073
97	Tunisia	1,564,886	1,679,245	1,713,881	612,415	1,504,226
98	Sierra Leone	1,171,990	2,134,361	1,531,941	1,441,518	1,501,593
99	Turkmenistan	1,599,474	1,587,176	1,556,079	1,468,655	1,486,834
100	Zimbabwe	1,663,143	2,044,522	1,290,693	1,678,835	1,342,959
101	Estonia	1,632,790	1,285,750	1,528,560	1,200,650	1,303,540
102	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,944,178	1,400,676	1,431,889	1,096,610	1,202,745
103	South Sudan	874,410	840,333	1,063,299	1,086,000	1,200,000
104	Norway	1,311,300	1,184,700	1,325,000	785,000	1,181,400
105	Saudi Arabia	1,250,955	877,638	1,068,752	1,710,086	1,174,874
106	Guyana	1,061,600	864,000	933,600	1,009,700	1,119,800
107	New Zealand	1,021,848	996,843	968,265	987,124	1,102,881
108	Dominican Republic	986,241	1,061,441	1,069,149	1,007,522	1,049,757
109	Netherlands	1,368,640	1,340,280	1,651,500	1,503,200	1,044,680
110	Portugal	1,053,530	1,125,650	1,018,080	1,042,410	1,017,320
111	Rwanda	751,907	809,832	807,219	846,384	975,199
112	El Salvador	911,984	949,884	900,080	881,000	895,000
113	Burundi	602,923	791,465	957,805	788,933	789,542
114	Honduras	753,702	743,583	751,007	777,643	770,043
115	Slovenia	749,700	700,550	576,200	666,890	672,960
116	Albania	684,023	691,127	690,850	701,314	649,919
117	Switzerland	1,010,995	783,794	865,060	809,466	628,070
118	Mauritania	411,053	500,874	544,117	579,978	570,227
119	North Macedonia	578,835	562,239	542,164	522,972	532,134
120	Panama	528,363	542,610	520,917	493,200	461,850
121	Mongolia	430,318	614,497	428,649	470,337	443,153
122	Yemen	452,894	497,661	491,666	445,220	421,000
123	Georgia	412,392	437,470	377,780	399,781	418,577
124	Guinea-Bissau	257,766	280,543	301,273	307,990	323,557
125	Haiti	300,130	373,000	340,000	330,000	323,000
126	Liberia	279,000	255,600	256,000	324,000	322,400
127	Cuba	525,732	465,924	314,517	212,284	307,959
128	Eritrea	305,333	305,229	305,160	305,240	305,210
129	Central African Republic	277,763	285,796	294,070	302,592	282,868
130	Oman	212,258	146,211	236,293	225,134	241,658
131	Suriname	249,874	263,776	184,264	228,993	226,034
132	Armenia	242,011	149,802	239,505	287,929	215,133
133	Israel	246,798	268,349	239,234	245,370	175,077
134	Libya	209,411	209,452	209,825	207,966	164,800
135	Belize	112,007	136,612	146,715	160,169	145,751
136	Luxembourg	146,230	147,160	170,660	148,070	140,770
137	Timor-Leste	127,589	101,513	172,500	168,000	132,000
138	Somalia	178,144	111,060	140,056	169,060	128,063
139	Gambia	107,673	113,231	107,382	110,197	124,841
140	Lebanon	189,021	190,288	195,311	193,178	119,830
141	Jordan	114,192	102,554	50,900	79,360	84,012
142	Eswatini	89,720	102,724	129,720	87,923	77,722
143	Bhutan	103,398	77,688	71,354	69,976	73,368
144	Costa Rica	151,685	157,044	121,049	83,440	72,256
145	Lesotho	28,536	98,326	82,450	142,973	67,527
146	Namibia	169,575	153,028	168,181	121,305	61,229
147	Botswana	162,122	122,239	115,580	74,579	54,554
148	Gabon	48,060	47,623	47,770	47,818	47,737
149	Kuwait	31,395	24,680	27,540	31,393	35,266
150	Congo	29,930	29,894	30,614	30,127	30,221
151	Cyprus	63,130	53,960	57,480	49,910	28,890
152	United Arab Emirates	26,405	23,475	21,429	19,133	20,216
153	Comoros	18,143	18,697	19,233	19,756	20,110
154	Papua New Guinea	18,784	18,745	18,863	18,806	18,809
155	Fiji	10,574	11,829	15,065	9,195	11,042
156	New Caledonia	10,125	7,502	4,247	3,614	7,355
157	Montenegro	6,683	6,473	6,633	7,067	6,907
158	Iceland	7,287	7,490	8,900	7,679	4,986
159	Puerto Rico	2,429	2,947	3,566	3,971	3,731
160	Brunei	3,900	4,100	3,563	3,726	3,612
161	Solomon Islands	2,761	2,759	2,747	2,751	2,756
162	Jamaica	2018	2,122	2,426	2,291	2,381
163	Qatar	1503	3,305	1194	2,209	1769
164	Mauritius	778	1106	823.1	1502	1289
165	Vanuatu	945.56	956.94	986	983.57	985.44
166	Sao Tome and Principe	759.56	820.74	780.65	786.98	796.13
167	Trinidad and Tobago	734	351.1	125	326	784.4
168	Bahamas	600.51	610.14	600.78	603.81	604.91
169	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	848	796	640	633	427
170	Micronesia	288	289.76	290.32	289.36	289.81
171	Maldives	203.21	204.95	204.39	204.61	204.87
172	Dominica	192.3	193.31	193.13	193.66	194.19
173	Grenada	384.24	386.82	388.4	389.98	177.21
174	Antigua and Barbuda	55.67	47.88	51.53	51.69	50.37
175	Djibouti	16.87	17.15	17.22	17.31	17.41
176	Cape Verde	432	449	221.6	464	5
177	Barbados	86	49.9	51	42.6	1.1
178	Malta	0	0	0	0	0
179	Nicaragua	905,198	924,130	949,097	881,420	-
180	Palestine	50,660	35,858	46,265	-	-

Methodology

Percentage changes use the corresponding value in the earlier year as the base. Yearly totals sum FAO Crops and Livestock Products production quantity (Element 5510) for item Cereals; primary, 2020-2024. For primary cereals production, quantities below 1,000 tonnes retain two decimals and larger quantities are shown as whole tonnes. The 2024 primary cereals production ranking and shares use 2024 listed quantities. In the primary cereals production data, zero means a reported nil or negligible flow; an empty cell means no quantity was reported. For primary cereals production changes, only countries with quantities in both endpoint years enter the arithmetic. Production quantities are reported to FAO by national statistical sources.