Nuclear Primary Energy Production by Country

Nuclear primary energy production by country measures the primary energy associated with nuclear electricity generation, expressed in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu) per year. The series is based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics and contains reported values for 34 countries. Countries without a reported value are left empty rather than treated as zero. The data covers 2019 to 2024, with world nuclear primary energy production reaching 28.3862 quad Btu in 2024, up from 27.5121 quad Btu in 2023.

The United States (8.1650 quad Btu) led in 2024, about 1.8 times China (4.6269 quad Btu). France (3.7413 quad Btu), Russia (2.2831 quad Btu) and South Korea (1.8097 quad Btu) completed the top five. Empty means no reported value, not zero.

Nuclear Primary Energy Production by Country

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#	Country	2024 (quad Btu)
1	United States US	8.17
2	China CN	4.63
3	France FR	3.74
4	Russia RU	2.28
5	South Korea KR	1.81
6	Canada CA	0.92
7	Japan JP	0.84
8	India IN	0.65
9	Ukraine UA	0.56
10	Spain ES	0.52
11	Sweden SE	0.49
12	United Arab Emirates AE	0.39
13	Czech Republic CZ	0.33
14	United Kingdom GB	0.32
15	Finland FI	0.32
16	Belgium BE	0.31
17	Pakistan PK	0.25
18	Switzerland CH	0.24
19	Slovakia SK	0.22
20	Bulgaria BG	0.17
21	Belarus BY	0.16
22	Brazil BR	0.16
23	Hungary HU	0.15
24	Taiwan TW	0.12
25	Argentina AR	0.12
26	Mexico MX	0.12
27	Romania RO	0.12
28	South Africa ZA	0.08
29	Iran IR	0.07
30	Slovenia SI	0.06
31	Netherlands NL	0.03
32	Armenia AM	0.03
33	Germany DE	0
34	Lithuania LT	0

The United States accounted for about 28.8% of the world total in 2024. The top two together held about 45.1%, the top three about 58.2%, the top five about 72.7%, and the top ten about 85.0%.

Change from 2023 to 2024

France recorded the largest increase in absolute terms, rebounding from 3.3180 to 3.7413 quad Btu (+0.4233 quad Btu, about 12.8%). The world total rose from 27.5121 to 28.3862 quad Btu (+0.8741 quad Btu, about 3.2%), so France alone accounted for about 48% of the world increase. The largest decline among reported pairs was Germany, falling from 0.0685 quad Btu in 2023 to zero in 2024.

How production changed across major producers

France was the clear growth leader among the five largest producers, while South Korea and China also increased their output. The United States changed little at the top, and Russia slipped slightly. Canada and Spain moved lower as well, while Germany's reported production fell to zero.

2019 to 2024 in this series

World nuclear primary energy production moved unevenly over the six-year period, falling in 2020, rising in 2021, declining again in 2022 and then recovering in 2023 and 2024. The 2024 total of 28.3862 quad Btu was only 1.8% above the 2019 level. The country-level picture was more uneven: China increased its production by about 29.7% over the period, while the United States and France both remained below their 2019 levels.

Nuclear energy in context

Nuclear production is highly concentrated among a small group of countries. The United States alone accounted for 28.8% of the 2024 world total, while the five largest producers together accounted for 72.7%. France was the main source of growth during the year, contributing about 48% of the global increase, while Germany's reported output fell to zero. The ranking is based on nuclear electricity generation converted to an energy-equivalent measure, rather than reactor counts or installed capacity.

Nuclear Primary Energy Production by Country

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#	Country	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	United States	8.45	8.25	8.13	8.06	8.1	8.17
2	China	3.57	3.76	4.18	4.29	4.45	4.63
3	France	3.94	3.47	3.73	2.89	3.32	3.74
4	Russia	2.11	2.29	2.36	2.37	2.3	2.28
5	South Korea	1.34	1.46	1.44	1.6	1.65	1.81
6	Canada	1.08	1.04	0.83	0.93	0.95	0.92
7	Japan	0.64	0.42	0.62	0.52	0.78	0.84
8	India	0.56	0.51	0.56	0.55	0.57	0.65
9	Ukraine	0.85	0.83	0.94	0.67	0.56	0.56
10	Spain	0.56	0.55	0.54	0.56	0.54	0.52
11	Sweden	0.65	0.47	0.51	0.5	0.47	0.49
12	United Arab Emirates	0	0.02	0.1	0.19	0.33	0.39
13	Czech Republic	0.32	0.32	0.33	0.35	0.34	0.33
14	United Kingdom	0.46	0.41	0.36	0.38	0.32	0.32
15	Finland	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.25	0.34	0.32
16	Belgium	0.43	0.34	0.5	0.43	0.32	0.31
17	Pakistan	0.1	0.1	0.17	0.24	0.26	0.25
18	Switzerland	0.26	0.24	0.19	0.24	0.24	0.24
19	Slovakia	0.17	0.17	0.19	0.19	0.2	0.22
20	Bulgaria	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.18	0.18	0.17
21	Belarus	0	0	0.06	0.05	0.12	0.16
22	Brazil	0.16	0.14	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.16
23	Hungary	0.16	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
24	Taiwan	0.32	0.32	0.28	0.23	0.18	0.12
25	Argentina	0.09	0.12	0.12	0.09	0.1	0.12
26	Mexico	0.11	0.11	0.12	0.11	0.12	0.12
27	Romania	0.12	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12
28	South Africa	0.14	0.12	0.12	0.1	0.08	0.08
29	Iran	0.06	0.06	0.03	0.06	0.06	0.07
30	Slovenia	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.06
31	Netherlands	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03
32	Armenia	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03
33	Germany	0.71	0.61	0.67	0.32	0.07	0
34	Lithuania	0	0	0	0	0	0

Methodology

The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. Values represent annual primary energy production from nuclear power in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu). The dataset contains reported values for 34 countries; countries without a reported value are left empty and should not be interpreted as zero production. A value of 0 indicates that the source reports zero, as with Germany in 2024. The sum of the countries listed on this page may not equal the reported world total because the country-level data presented here do not necessarily represent the complete set of values used for the world total. This page covers nuclear energy production only and does not include other sources or consumption, which are reported separately in the source.