Primary Energy Production by Country

Primary energy production by country measures the production of primary energy for each country, in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu) per year. The total combines coal, natural gas, petroleum and other liquids with nuclear, renewables and other energy sources. The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. The table covers 211 countries, with 211 reported 2024 values, and includes data from 2019 to 2024. The world total stood at 605.9095 quad Btu in 2024, up from 596.4140 quad Btu in 2023.

China (130.7573 quad Btu) was the largest energy producer in 2024, ahead of the United States (103.5483 quad Btu). Russia (60.2564 quad Btu), Saudi Arabia (26.9465 quad Btu) and Canada (22.6404 quad Btu) completed the top five. Empty means no reported value, not zero.

Primary Energy Production by Country

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#	Country	2024 (quad Btu)
1	China CN	130.76
2	United States US	103.55
3	Russia RU	60.26
4	Saudi Arabia SA	26.95
5	Canada CA	22.64
6	India IN	22.35
7	Indonesia ID	20.21
8	Iran IR	20.18
9	Australia AU	17.85
10	Brazil BR	12.01
11	United Arab Emirates AE	11.8
12	Iraq IQ	9.96
13	Qatar QA	9.96
14	Norway NO	9.42
15	Kazakhstan KZ	7.79
16	Kuwait KW	6.64
17	Algeria DZ	6.47
18	Mexico MX	5.9
19	South Africa ZA	5.5
20	Nigeria NG	4.81
21	France FR	4.4
22	Malaysia MY	4.34
23	Colombia CO	4.07
24	Argentina AR	3.84
25	Oman OM	3.74
26	United Kingdom GB	3.57
27	Turkmenistan TM	3.35
28	Venezuela VE	3.22
29	Egypt EG	3.2
30	Libya LY	2.94
31	Germany DE	2.87
32	Angola AO	2.72
33	Azerbaijan AZ	2.69
34	Vietnam VN	2.32
35	South Korea KR	2.12
36	Mongolia MN	2.04
37	Thailand TH	2.02
38	Japan JP	1.96
39	Uzbekistan UZ	1.83
40	Poland PL	1.76
41	Ukraine UA	1.66
42	Pakistan PK	1.62
43	Türkiye TR	1.51
44	Spain ES	1.15
45	Ecuador EC	1.14
46	Bahrain BH	1.1
47	Trinidad and Tobago TT	1.07
48	Israel IL	1.04
49	Sweden SE	0.98
50	Peru PE	0.98
51	Mozambique MZ	0.95
52	Italy IT	0.85
53	Bangladesh BD	0.78
54	Czech Republic CZ	0.76
55	Romania RO	0.76
56	Netherlands NL	0.73
57	North Korea KP	0.62
58	Congo CG	0.61
59	Brunei BN	0.6
60	Myanmar MM	0.57
61	Ghana GH	0.56
62	Finland FI	0.54
63	Bolivia BO	0.52
64	Papua New Guinea PG	0.49
65	Gabon GA	0.48
66	Philippines PH	0.47
67	Belgium BE	0.44
68	Switzerland CH	0.43
69	Equatorial Guinea GQ	0.43
70	Laos LA	0.38
71	Hungary HU	0.37
72	Denmark DK	0.35
73	Bulgaria BG	0.34
74	New Zealand NZ	0.33
75	Austria AT	0.3
76	Chile CL	0.3
77	Serbia RS	0.29
78	Chad TD	0.29
79	Syria SY	0.28
80	Taiwan TW	0.26
81	Slovakia SK	0.26
82	Cameroon CM	0.25
83	Belarus BY	0.23
84	Bosnia and Herzegovina BA	0.21
85	Paraguay PY	0.2
86	Ivory Coast CI	0.19
87	Portugal PT	0.17
88	Zimbabwe ZW	0.16
89	South Sudan SS	0.15
90	Greece GR	0.13
91	Kyrgyzstan KG	0.13
92	Tajikistan TJ	0.13
93	Tanzania TZ	0.13
94	Sudan SD	0.11
95	Tunisia TN	0.11
96	Zambia ZM	0.11
97	Slovenia SI	0.11
98	Cuba CU	0.1
99	Ireland IE	0.1
100	DR Congo CD	0.09
101	Croatia HR	0.08
102	Ethiopia ET	0.08
103	Guatemala GT	0.07
104	Niger NE	0.07
105	Albania AL	0.07
106	Iceland IS	0.07
107	Uruguay UY	0.06
108	Kosovo XK	0.06
109	Botswana BW	0.05
110	Kenya KE	0.04
111	Georgia GE	0.04
112	Bhutan BT	0.04
113	Armenia AM	0.04
114	Singapore SG	0.04
115	Nepal NP	0.04
116	Costa Rica CR	0.04
117	Morocco MA	0.04
118	Yemen YE	0.03
119	Suriname SR	0.03
120	Sri Lanka LK	0.03
121	Panama PA	0.03
122	Lithuania LT	0.03
123	Honduras HN	0.03
124	Cambodia KH	0.03
125	Jordan JO	0.03
126	North Macedonia MK	0.03
127	Afghanistan AF	0.03
128	El Salvador SV	0.03
129	Montenegro ME	0.02
130	Uganda UG	0.02
131	Latvia LV	0.02
132	Estonia EE	0.02
133	Dominican Republic DO	0.02
134	Nicaragua NI	0.01
135	Eswatini SZ	0.01
136	Guinea GN	0.01
137	Lebanon LB	0.01
138	Malawi MW	0.01
139	Senegal SN	0.01
140	Luxembourg LU	0.01
141	Namibia NA	0.01
142	Rwanda RW	0.01
143	Cyprus CY	0
144	Mali ML	0
145	Puerto Rico PR	0
146	Belize BZ	0
147	Timor-Leste TL	0
148	Mauritius MU	0
149	Madagascar MG	0
150	Fiji FJ	0
151	New Caledonia NC	0
152	Barbados BB	0
153	Jamaica JM	0
154	Moldova MD	0
155	Hong Kong HK	0
156	Macau MO	0
157	Greenland GL	0
158	Mauritania MR	0
159	Burkina Faso BF	0
160	Palestine PS	0
161	Burundi BI	0
162	Malta MT	0
163	Liberia LR	0
164	French Polynesia PF	0
165	Faroe Islands FO	0
166	Sierra Leone SL	0
167	Togo TG	0
168	Aruba AW	0
169	Haiti HT	0
170	Cape Verde CV	0
171	Guam GU	0
172	Central African Republic CF	0
173	Seychelles SC	0
174	Samoa WS	0
175	Somalia SO	0
176	Guyana GY	0
177	Djibouti DJ	0
178	Maldives MV	0
179	Eritrea ER	0
180	Benin BJ	0
181	Antigua and Barbuda AG	0
182	Cayman Islands KY	0
183	Dominica DM	0
184	Bahamas BS	0
185	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	0
186	Vanuatu VU	0
187	Cook Islands CK	0
188	Solomon Islands SB	0
189	US Virgin Islands VI	0
190	Bermuda BM	0
191	Saint Kitts and Nevis KN	0
192	Saint Lucia LC	0
193	Tonga TO	0
194	Kiribati KI	0
195	Sao Tome and Principe ST	0
196	American Samoa AS	0
197	Nauru NR	0
198	Turks and Caicos Islands TC	0
199	Gambia GM	0
200	Falkland Islands FK	0
201	Grenada GD	0
202	British Virgin Islands VG	0
203	Guinea-Bissau GW	0
204	Lesotho LS	0
205	Comoros KM	0
206	French Guiana GF	0
207	Guadeloupe GP	0
208	Martinique MQ	0
209	Saint Pierre and Miquelon PM	0

China accounted for about 21.6% of the world total in 2024, producing about 1.3 times as much primary energy as the United States. The top two together held about 38.7%, the top three about 48.6%, the top five about 56.8%, and the top ten about 72.1%.

Change from 2023 to 2024

China recorded the largest increase in absolute terms, rising from 127.0060 to 130.7573 quad Btu (+3.7513 quad Btu, about 3.0%). The world total rose from 596.4140 to 605.9095 quad Btu (+9.4955 quad Btu, about 1.6%), so China alone accounted for about 40% of the world increase. The largest decline among reported pairs was Saudi Arabia, falling from 27.9562 to 26.9465 quad Btu (-1.0097 quad Btu, about 3.6%).

How production changed across major producers

Growth clustered in Asia: China (+3.0%), India and Indonesia both increased, while Saudi Arabia (-3.6%) was the only top-five producer to decline. Russia and Canada held broadly steady. Among the top ten, changes ranged from a 3.6% decline in Saudi Arabia to a 6.9% increase in Iran, with no other swing approaching China's in absolute terms.

2019 to 2024 in this series

Reported world values were 579.0649 quad Btu in 2019, 555.1214 quad Btu in 2020, 572.3204 quad Btu in 2021, 587.0162 quad Btu in 2022, 596.4140 quad Btu in 2023 and 605.9095 quad Btu in 2024. Production ended about 4.6% above the 2019 level after the 2020 dip and four years of recovery. The figures show the change over time but do not explain its causes.

Primary energy in context

This total combines coal, natural gas, petroleum and other liquids, and nuclear, renewables and other energy sources into a single primary-energy measure. Coal accounted for about 72.3% of China's primary energy production in 2024, making it the dominant component behind China's overall lead. The ranking reflects energy produced, not energy consumed: net importers can consume far more than they produce.

Primary Energy Production by Country

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#	Country	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
1	China	114.92	117.22	122.79	124.06	127.01	130.76
2	United States	97.6	91.89	93.93	98.74	102.69	103.55
3	Russia	64.4	60.21	64.07	61.01	59.31	60.26
4	Saudi Arabia	28.29	27.03	26.76	29.99	27.96	26.95
5	Canada	20.93	20.17	20.83	21.56	22.01	22.64
6	India	16.94	16.53	17.62	19.57	21.6	22.35
7	Indonesia	16.86	15.86	16.8	18.09	19.66	20.21
8	Iran	16.01	15.65	16.85	17.49	18.89	20.18
9	Australia	18.67	18.4	17.68	17.82	17.19	17.85
10	Brazil	10.31	10.56	10.32	10.83	11.82	12.01
11	United Arab Emirates	10.47	9.79	9.82	11.29	11.48	11.8
12	Iraq	10.56	9.12	9.17	10.02	9.78	9.96
13	Qatar	9.65	9.67	9.76	9.85	9.95	9.96
14	Norway	8.35	8.87	9.04	9.13	9.15	9.42
15	Kazakhstan	7.77	7.44	7.31	7.7	7.96	7.79
16	Kuwait	7.05	6.42	6.35	7.04	6.87	6.64
17	Algeria	6.47	5.98	6.75	6.74	6.83	6.47
18	Mexico	5.63	5.73	5.77	5.95	6.2	5.9
19	South Africa	5.86	5.62	5.34	5.61	5.49	5.5
20	Nigeria	6.07	5.74	5.07	4.46	4.63	4.81
21	France	4.53	4.09	4.32	3.44	3.96	4.4
22	Malaysia	4.27	3.9	4.03	4.31	4.27	4.34
23	Colombia	4.85	3.73	3.86	3.87	3.68	4.07
24	Argentina	3.25	3.04	3.15	3.43	3.49	3.84
25	Oman	3.39	3.33	3.48	3.75	3.77	3.74
26	United Kingdom	5.02	4.86	4.17	4.27	3.78	3.57
27	Turkmenistan	3.6	3.4	3.46	3.68	3.59	3.35
28	Venezuela	2.97	2.17	2.39	2.77	2.92	3.22
29	Egypt	4.01	3.77	4.01	3.91	3.62	3.2
30	Libya	3.05	1.28	3.1	2.71	3.04	2.94
31	Germany	3.45	3.12	3.3	3.61	3.05	2.87
32	Angola	3.43	3.03	2.69	2.75	2.74	2.72
33	Azerbaijan	2.51	2.41	2.69	2.7	2.66	2.69
34	Vietnam	2.33	2.21	2.33	2.33	2.44	2.32
35	South Korea	1.56	1.69	1.68	1.87	1.94	2.12
36	Mongolia	1.12	0.92	0.64	0.76	1.6	2.04
37	Thailand	2.65	2.4	2.3	2.01	1.96	2.02
38	Japan	1.69	1.54	1.82	1.73	2.05	1.96
39	Uzbekistan	2.18	1.81	1.96	1.91	1.93	1.83
40	Poland	2.26	2.07	2.15	2.04	1.83	1.76
41	Ukraine	2.29	2.22	2.34	1.74	1.67	1.66
42	Pakistan	1.52	1.56	1.51	1.64	1.66	1.62
43	Türkiye	1.38	1.27	1.35	1.34	1.32	1.51
44	Spain	1.02	1.06	1.08	1.09	1.11	1.15
45	Ecuador	1.27	1.16	1.15	1.16	1.15	1.14
46	Bahrain	1.1	1.05	1.07	1.06	1.1	1.1
47	Trinidad and Tobago	1.48	1.3	1.11	1.15	1.1	1.07
48	Israel	0.39	0.57	0.71	0.81	0.94	1.04
49	Sweden	1.09	0.94	1	1.02	0.95	0.98
50	Peru	0.98	0.88	0.85	0.93	0.96	0.98
51	Mozambique	0.54	0.45	0.53	0.49	0.72	0.95
52	Italy	0.9	0.93	0.87	0.79	0.8	0.85
53	Bangladesh	1	0.95	0.93	0.9	0.9	0.78
54	Czech Republic	0.97	0.83	0.84	0.89	0.82	0.76
55	Romania	0.88	0.79	0.81	0.8	0.79	0.76
56	Netherlands	1.32	1.12	1.08	0.98	0.8	0.73
57	North Korea	0.74	0.7	0.59	0.59	0.59	0.62
58	Congo	0.75	0.66	0.62	0.64	0.61	0.61
59	Brunei	0.73	0.69	0.65	0.58	0.56	0.6
60	Myanmar	0.74	0.72	0.72	0.63	0.57	0.57
61	Ghana	0.51	0.55	0.52	0.5	0.5	0.56
62	Finland	0.43	0.43	0.47	0.48	0.56	0.54
63	Bolivia	0.69	0.66	0.71	0.65	0.57	0.52
64	Papua New Guinea	0.5	0.52	0.5	0.52	0.5	0.49
65	Gabon	0.46	0.4	0.4	0.44	0.46	0.48
66	Philippines	0.59	0.53	0.54	0.52	0.49	0.47
67	Belgium	0.55	0.47	0.63	0.57	0.46	0.44
68	Switzerland	0.42	0.41	0.36	0.38	0.42	0.43
69	Equatorial Guinea	0.55	0.53	0.53	0.54	0.44	0.43
70	Laos	0.29	0.31	0.32	0.32	0.36	0.38
71	Hungary	0.36	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.37
72	Denmark	0.46	0.34	0.35	0.35	0.34	0.35
73	Bulgaria	0.41	0.37	0.43	0.47	0.37	0.34
74	New Zealand	0.4	0.38	0.37	0.35	0.36	0.33
75	Austria	0.29	0.29	0.28	0.27	0.28	0.3
76	Chile	0.26	0.24	0.24	0.26	0.29	0.3
77	Serbia	0.39	0.4	0.38	0.32	0.31	0.29
78	Chad	0.29	0.28	0.24	0.25	0.28	0.29
79	Syria	0.22	0.22	0.33	0.34	0.28	0.28
80	Taiwan	0.41	0.4	0.37	0.34	0.3	0.26
81	Slovakia	0.23	0.22	0.24	0.24	0.25	0.26
82	Cameroon	0.26	0.26	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
83	Belarus	0.08	0.09	0.14	0.13	0.19	0.23
84	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.12	0.11	0.12	0.22	0.21	0.21
85	Paraguay	0.18	0.17	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.2
86	Ivory Coast	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.18	0.19
87	Portugal	0.13	0.14	0.14	0.13	0.15	0.17
88	Zimbabwe	0.08	0.08	0.1	0.11	0.12	0.16
89	South Sudan	0.29	0.3	0.29	0.29	0.27	0.15
90	Greece	0.21	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.14	0.13
91	Kyrgyzstan	0.1	0.1	0.09	0.11	0.11	0.13
92	Tajikistan	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.12	0.13	0.13
93	Tanzania	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.14	0.14	0.13
94	Sudan	0.17	0.16	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.11
95	Tunisia	0.12	0.12	0.15	0.13	0.13	0.11
96	Zambia	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.11	0.11
97	Slovenia	0.11	0.12	0.11	0.09	0.1	0.11
98	Cuba	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.11	0.11	0.1
99	Ireland	0.14	0.13	0.11	0.11	0.1	0.1
100	DR Congo	0.09	0.09	0.1	0.1	0.09	0.09
101	Croatia	0.1	0.09	0.09	0.08	0.09	0.08
102	Ethiopia	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.07	0.08
103	Guatemala	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.07
104	Niger	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.07
105	Albania	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07
106	Iceland	0.07	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07
107	Uruguay	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06
108	Kosovo	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.05	0.06
109	Botswana	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.05
110	Kenya	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
111	Georgia	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
112	Bhutan	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
113	Armenia	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04
114	Singapore	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.04
115	Nepal	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04
116	Costa Rica	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
117	Morocco	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.04
118	Yemen	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.1	0.03	0.03
119	Suriname	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03
120	Sri Lanka	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
121	Panama	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
122	Lithuania	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03
123	Honduras	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
124	Cambodia	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.03
125	Jordan	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03
126	North Macedonia	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
127	Afghanistan	0.07	0.04	0.06	0.1	0.02	0.03
128	El Salvador	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03
129	Montenegro	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.02
130	Uganda	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
131	Latvia	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
132	Estonia	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
133	Dominican Republic	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02
134	Nicaragua	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
135	Eswatini	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
136	Guinea	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
137	Lebanon	0	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01
138	Malawi	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
139	Senegal	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
140	Luxembourg	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
141	Namibia	0	0.01	0.01	0	0.01	0.01
142	Rwanda	0	0	0	0	0.01	0.01
143	Cyprus	0	0	0	0	0	0
144	Mali	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0
145	Puerto Rico	0	0	0	0	0	0
146	Belize	0	0.01	0	0	0	0
147	Timor-Leste	0.25	0.28	0.25	0.13	0.03	0
148	Mauritius	0	0	0	0	0	0
149	Madagascar	0	0	0	0	0	0
150	Fiji	0	0	0	0	0	0
151	New Caledonia	0	0	0	0	0	0
152	Barbados	0	0	0	0	0	0
153	Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
154	Moldova	0	0	0	0	0	0
155	Hong Kong	0	0	0	0	0	0
156	Macau	0	0	0	0	0	0
157	Greenland	0	0	0	0	0	0
158	Mauritania	0	0	0	0	0	0
159	Burkina Faso	0	0	0	0	0	0
160	Palestine	0	0	0	0	0	0
161	Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
162	Malta	0	0	0	0	0	0
163	Liberia	0	0	0	0	0	0
164	French Polynesia	0	0	0	0	0	0
165	Faroe Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
166	Sierra Leone	0	0	0	0	0	0
167	Togo	0	0	0	0	0	0
168	Aruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
169	Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
170	Cape Verde	0	0	0	0	0	0
171	Guam	0	0	0	0	0	0
172	Central African Republic	0	0	0	0	0	0
173	Seychelles	0	0	0	0	0	0
174	Samoa	0	0	0	0	0	0
175	Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
176	Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
177	Djibouti	0	0	0	0	0	0
178	Maldives	0	0	0	0	0	0
179	Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
180	Benin	0	0	0	0	0	0
181	Antigua and Barbuda	0	0	0	0	0	0
182	Cayman Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
183	Dominica	0	0	0	0	0	0
184	Bahamas	0	0	0	0	0	0
185	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0	0	0	0	0
186	Vanuatu	0	0	0	0	0	0
187	Cook Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
188	Solomon Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
189	US Virgin Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
190	Bermuda	0	0	0	0	0	0
191	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	0	0	0	0	0
192	Saint Lucia	0	0	0	0	0	0
193	Tonga	0	0	0	0	0	0
194	Kiribati	0	0	0	0	0	0
195	Sao Tome and Principe	0	0	0	0	0	0
196	American Samoa	0	0	0	0	0	0
197	Nauru	0	0	0	0	0	0
198	Turks and Caicos Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
199	Gambia	0	0	0	0	0	0
200	Falkland Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
201	Grenada	0	0	0	0	0	0
202	British Virgin Islands	0	0	0	0	0	0
203	Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0	0	0	0
204	Lesotho	0	0	0	0	0	0
205	Comoros	0	0	0	0	0	0
206	French Guiana	0	0	0	0	0	0
207	Guadeloupe	0	0	0	0	0	0
208	Martinique	0	0	0	0	0	0
209	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0	0	0	0	0	0

Methodology

The statistics are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) International Energy Statistics. Values represent annual primary energy production in quadrillion British thermal units (quad Btu). Where no value is available, the cell is left empty. A value of 0 indicates that the source reports zero. The sum of the countries listed on this page may not equal the reported world total because the country-level data presented here do not necessarily represent the complete set of values used for the world total. This page covers total primary energy production only; the primary energy total combines the source's reported coal, natural gas, petroleum and other liquids, and nuclear, renewables and other categories. Individual sources such as coal, natural gas and nuclear are reported separately in the source.